CVE-2026-98980 (GCVE-0-2026-98980)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-23 12:19 – Updated: 2026-10-23 12:19
VLAI
Title
namei: don't reveal overmounted entries in refwalk
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: namei: don't reveal overmounted entries in refwalk In rcuwalk the dentry is validated before it is accepted. step_into() step_into() rechecks d_seq and __follow_mount_rcu() rechecks mount_lock. An entry that gets unlinked in between causes the lookup to retry and miss. A refwalk doesn't do this. lookup_fast() takes a reference on the hashed dentry and simply accepts it. So an unlink that happens after the reference was taken isn't seen by refwalk. That's fine for a simple file. We just happened to open it before it was unlinked, no problem. For a mountpoint and specifically a locked mountpoint it very much isn't. The unlink detaches all mounts and then removes the name. Any refwalk that hasn't traversed the mounts yet simply reveals the underlying entry. It's a very narrow window but it can be hit: reads of a covered file in 60 s, 3 walkers, ~15000 unlinks no widening 27 that step + 200 us 3741 See the appended patch for a more reliable reproducer. So check the entry after step_into(). unlink(), rmdir() and rename() mark the dentry with dont_mount() before they detach the mounts and remove the dentry. So a dentry that is marked with DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT and is unhashed by the time its mounts were looked at is a name that was unlinked under the refwalk. DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT is read after the mounts were looked up and it is set before they are detached by detach_mounts(). A refwalk that missed the mounts will see DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT. Plain d_unlinked() is fine. A rename takes the dentry off its hash chain but ___d_drop() leaves d_hash.pprev set. So only __d_drop() and a rename over the dentry unhash it. The only move that flips IS_ROOT splices in a disconnected alias. That doesn't have DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT set. Add the to step_into_slowpath(). ".." and LOOKUP_DOWN may legitimately land on an unhashed directory. A refwalk that crossed onto a mount has path.mnt different from nd->path.mnt. A dentry that a filesystem dropped on its own (d_invalidate(), d_drop()) doesn't have the flag set and is treated as before. // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 /* * unlink_covered: unlink a file that is a mountpoint in a detached copy of * its mount, against walkers that open it through that copy. * * A is a tmpfs with the file f1 (content SECRET_F) and the plain file * MARK_A. A' is an open_tree(OPEN_TREE_CLONE) copy of A with MARK_A bound * on A'/f1, held through an O_PATH fd on its root once the tree fd is * closed. Walkers open f1 through that fd while the driver unlinks A/f1, * where nothing is mounted on it. A walker may read MARK_A or get ENOENT. * A read of SECRET_F is a hit: the name was found after its mount was * gone. The lockless walks use openat2(RESOLVE_CACHED). * * usage: unlink_covered [-t seconds] [-w walkers] */ #ifndef _GNU_SOURCE #define _GNU_SOURCE #endif #include <errno.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <stdatomic.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/mount.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/syscall.h> #include <linux/openat2.h> #ifndef __NR_open_tree #define __NR_open_tree 428 #endif #ifndef __NR_move_mount #define __NR_move_mount 429 #endif #ifndef __NR_openat2 #define __NR_openat2 437 #endif #ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLONE #define OPEN_TREE_CLONE 1 #endif #ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC #define OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC #endif #ifndef MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH #define MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH 0x00000004 #endif #define WORK "/tmp/uc" #define ADIR WORK "/A" static int duration = 60, nwalkers = 3; static atomic_int stop, writer_waiting; static pthread_rwlock_t cur_lock = PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER; static int cur_fd = -1; /* the root of A', -1 while there is none */ static atomic_long n_unlink, n_walk, n_mark, n_enoent, n_othe ---truncated---
Severity
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 7061 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 8ed936b5671bfb33d89bc60bdcc7cf0470ba52fe , < e2b10181d913b4efa3a8dc67a532f859aa5f95e0 (git)
Affected: 8ed936b5671bfb33d89bc60bdcc7cf0470ba52fe , < 5f97df8ca7fadf5b53954f50073445ba193902c0 (git)
Affected: 8ed936b5671bfb33d89bc60bdcc7cf0470ba52fe , < b43ff2deef48260bfbdc0dcb520f7929bd3e4007 (git)
Affected: 8ed936b5671bfb33d89bc60bdcc7cf0470ba52fe , < 8189ab688f5a2c745dc90b63374da02f213d6994 (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 3.18
Unaffected: 0 , < 3.18 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.113 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.57 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.11 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnamei: don\u0027t reveal overmounted entries in refwalk\n\nIn rcuwalk the dentry is validated before it is accepted. step_into()\nstep_into() rechecks d_seq and __follow_mount_rcu() rechecks mount_lock.\nAn entry that gets unlinked in between causes the lookup to retry and\nmiss.\n\nA refwalk doesn\u0027t do this. lookup_fast() takes a reference on the hashed\ndentry and simply accepts it. So an unlink that happens after the\nreference was taken isn\u0027t seen by refwalk. That\u0027s fine for a simple\nfile. We just happened to open it before it was unlinked, no problem.\n\nFor a mountpoint and specifically a locked mountpoint it very much\nisn\u0027t. The unlink detaches all mounts and then removes the name. Any\nrefwalk that hasn\u0027t traversed the mounts yet simply reveals the\nunderlying entry. It\u0027s a very narrow window but it can be hit:\n\n  reads of a covered file in 60 s, 3 walkers, ~15000 unlinks\n    no widening            27\n    that step + 200 us   3741\n\nSee the appended patch for a more reliable reproducer.\n\nSo check the entry after step_into(). unlink(), rmdir() and rename()\nmark the dentry with dont_mount() before they detach the mounts and\nremove the dentry.\n\nSo a dentry that is marked with DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT and is unhashed by the\ntime its mounts were looked at is a name that was unlinked under the\nrefwalk. DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT is read after the mounts were looked up and\nit is set before they are detached by detach_mounts(). A refwalk that\nmissed the mounts will see DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT.\n\nPlain d_unlinked() is fine. A rename takes the dentry off its hash chain\nbut ___d_drop() leaves d_hash.pprev set. So only __d_drop() and a rename\nover the dentry unhash it. The only move that flips IS_ROOT splices in a\ndisconnected alias. That doesn\u0027t have DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT set.\n\nAdd the to step_into_slowpath(). \"..\" and LOOKUP_DOWN may legitimately\nland on an unhashed directory. A refwalk that crossed onto a mount has\npath.mnt different from nd-\u003epath.mnt. A dentry that a filesystem dropped\non its own (d_invalidate(), d_drop()) doesn\u0027t have the flag set and is\ntreated as before.\n\n  // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0\n  /*\n   * unlink_covered: unlink a file that is a mountpoint in a detached copy of\n   * its mount, against walkers that open it through that copy.\n   *\n   * A is a tmpfs with the file f1 (content SECRET_F) and the plain file\n   * MARK_A. A\u0027 is an open_tree(OPEN_TREE_CLONE) copy of A with MARK_A bound\n   * on A\u0027/f1, held through an O_PATH fd on its root once the tree fd is\n   * closed. Walkers open f1 through that fd while the driver unlinks A/f1,\n   * where nothing is mounted on it. A walker may read MARK_A or get ENOENT.\n   * A read of SECRET_F is a hit: the name was found after its mount was\n   * gone. The lockless walks use openat2(RESOLVE_CACHED).\n   *\n   * usage: unlink_covered [-t seconds] [-w walkers]\n   */\n  #ifndef _GNU_SOURCE\n  #define _GNU_SOURCE\n  #endif\n  #include \u003cerrno.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cfcntl.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cpthread.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cstdatomic.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cstdio.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cstdlib.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cstring.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cunistd.h\u003e\n  #include \u003csys/mount.h\u003e\n  #include \u003csys/stat.h\u003e\n  #include \u003csys/syscall.h\u003e\n  #include \u003clinux/openat2.h\u003e\n\n  #ifndef __NR_open_tree\n  #define __NR_open_tree 428\n  #endif\n  #ifndef __NR_move_mount\n  #define __NR_move_mount 429\n  #endif\n  #ifndef __NR_openat2\n  #define __NR_openat2 437\n  #endif\n  #ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLONE\n  #define OPEN_TREE_CLONE 1\n  #endif\n  #ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC\n  #define OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC\n  #endif\n  #ifndef MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH\n  #define MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH 0x00000004\n  #endif\n\n  #define WORK \"/tmp/uc\"\n  #define ADIR WORK \"/A\"\n\n  static int duration = 60, nwalkers = 3;\n  static atomic_int stop, writer_waiting;\n  static pthread_rwlock_t cur_lock = PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER;\n  static int cur_fd = -1;\t\t/* the root of A\u0027, -1 while there is none */\n  static atomic_long n_unlink, n_walk, n_mark, n_enoent, n_othe\n---truncated---"
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-23T12:19:53.838Z",
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        "shortName": "Linux"
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      "title": "namei: don\u0027t reveal overmounted entries in refwalk",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-98980",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-23T12:19:53.838Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.383Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-23T12:19:53.838Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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          }
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        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnamei: don\u0027t reveal overmounted entries in refwalk\n\nIn rcuwalk the dentry is validated before it is accepted. step_into()\nstep_into() rechecks d_seq and __follow_mount_rcu() rechecks mount_lock.\nAn entry that gets unlinked in between causes the lookup to retry and\nmiss.\n\nA refwalk doesn\u0027t do this. lookup_fast() takes a reference on the hashed\ndentry and simply accepts it. So an unlink that happens after the\nreference was taken isn\u0027t seen by refwalk. That\u0027s fine for a simple\nfile. We just happened to open it before it was unlinked, no problem.\n\nFor a mountpoint and specifically a locked mountpoint it very much\nisn\u0027t. The unlink detaches all mounts and then removes the name. Any\nrefwalk that hasn\u0027t traversed the mounts yet simply reveals the\nunderlying entry. It\u0027s a very narrow window but it can be hit:\n\n  reads of a covered file in 60 s, 3 walkers, ~15000 unlinks\n    no widening            27\n    that step + 200 us   3741\n\nSee the appended patch for a more reliable reproducer.\n\nSo check the entry after step_into(). unlink(), rmdir() and rename()\nmark the dentry with dont_mount() before they detach the mounts and\nremove the dentry.\n\nSo a dentry that is marked with DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT and is unhashed by the\ntime its mounts were looked at is a name that was unlinked under the\nrefwalk. DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT is read after the mounts were looked up and\nit is set before they are detached by detach_mounts(). A refwalk that\nmissed the mounts will see DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT.\n\nPlain d_unlinked() is fine. A rename takes the dentry off its hash chain\nbut ___d_drop() leaves d_hash.pprev set. So only __d_drop() and a rename\nover the dentry unhash it. The only move that flips IS_ROOT splices in a\ndisconnected alias. That doesn\u0027t have DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT set.\n\nAdd the to step_into_slowpath(). \"..\" and LOOKUP_DOWN may legitimately\nland on an unhashed directory. A refwalk that crossed onto a mount has\npath.mnt different from nd-\u003epath.mnt. A dentry that a filesystem dropped\non its own (d_invalidate(), d_drop()) doesn\u0027t have the flag set and is\ntreated as before.\n\n  // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0\n  /*\n   * unlink_covered: unlink a file that is a mountpoint in a detached copy of\n   * its mount, against walkers that open it through that copy.\n   *\n   * A is a tmpfs with the file f1 (content SECRET_F) and the plain file\n   * MARK_A. A\u0027 is an open_tree(OPEN_TREE_CLONE) copy of A with MARK_A bound\n   * on A\u0027/f1, held through an O_PATH fd on its root once the tree fd is\n   * closed. Walkers open f1 through that fd while the driver unlinks A/f1,\n   * where nothing is mounted on it. A walker may read MARK_A or get ENOENT.\n   * A read of SECRET_F is a hit: the name was found after its mount was\n   * gone. The lockless walks use openat2(RESOLVE_CACHED).\n   *\n   * usage: unlink_covered [-t seconds] [-w walkers]\n   */\n  #ifndef _GNU_SOURCE\n  #define _GNU_SOURCE\n  #endif\n  #include \u003cerrno.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cfcntl.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cpthread.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cstdatomic.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cstdio.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cstdlib.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cstring.h\u003e\n  #include \u003cunistd.h\u003e\n  #include \u003csys/mount.h\u003e\n  #include \u003csys/stat.h\u003e\n  #include \u003csys/syscall.h\u003e\n  #include \u003clinux/openat2.h\u003e\n\n  #ifndef __NR_open_tree\n  #define __NR_open_tree 428\n  #endif\n  #ifndef __NR_move_mount\n  #define __NR_move_mount 429\n  #endif\n  #ifndef __NR_openat2\n  #define __NR_openat2 437\n  #endif\n  #ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLONE\n  #define OPEN_TREE_CLONE 1\n  #endif\n  #ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC\n  #define OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC\n  #endif\n  #ifndef MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH\n  #define MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH 0x00000004\n  #endif\n\n  #define WORK \"/tmp/uc\"\n  #define ADIR WORK \"/A\"\n\n  static int duration = 60, nwalkers = 3;\n  static atomic_int stop, writer_waiting;\n  static pthread_rwlock_t cur_lock = PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER;\n  static int cur_fd = -1;\t\t/* the root of A\u0027, -1 while there is none */\n  static atomic_long n_unlink, n_walk, n_mark, n_enoent, n_othe\n---truncated---"
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-98980",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-23T13:17:19.750",
        "metrics": {},
        "published": "2026-10-23T13:17:19.750",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5f97df8ca7fadf5b53954f50073445ba193902c0"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8189ab688f5a2c745dc90b63374da02f213d6994"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b43ff2deef48260bfbdc0dcb520f7929bd3e4007"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2b10181d913b4efa3a8dc67a532f859aa5f95e0"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    }
  }
}



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  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

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