CVE-2026-97612 (GCVE-0-2026-97612)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 10:22 – Updated: 2026-10-19 09:10
VLAI
Title
net: mpls: clear inner_protocol when the last label is popped
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: mpls: clear inner_protocol when the last label is popped skb_mpls_push() records the pre-encapsulation network header once, gated on !skb->inner_protocol. skb_mpls_pop() never clears that record, so it outlives the encapsulation it describes. Open vSwitch can then re-push MPLS onto a packet whose inner_network_header still points at the older, deeper offset: push a label, pop every label, recirculate (ovs_flow_key_update() re-derives key->eth.type and resets network_header, but leaves inner_*), then push again. ovs_fragment() trusts the record: skb->network_header = skb->inner_network_header; so skb_network_offset() goes negative. The bound check is signed: if (skb_network_offset(skb) > MAX_L2_LEN) a negative offset passes it, and prepare_frag() widens the value: unsigned int hlen = skb_network_offset(skb); memcpy(&data->l2_data, skb->data, hlen); which is a ~4GiB memcpy out of a 30-byte per-CPU buffer. Reproduced on v7.3-rc1. RDX is the truncated length, (unsigned int)(-8): BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffe8ffffc16000 #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI RIP: 0010:memcpy+0x8/0x20 RDX: 00000000fffffff8 RSI: ffff888105d732db RDI: ffffe8ffffc16000 prepare_frag+0x3df/0x4e0 ovs_fragment+0x589/0x7e0 do_output+0x4ce/0x5e0 do_execute_actions+0x55d2/0x7b30 ovs_execute_actions+0xea/0x450 Same root-cause shape as commit 975b5b067f52 ("ipv6: sr: restore network header before routing and forwarding"): a stale network header offset reaching a consumer that widens it. Here it originates in the MPLS push/pop path. Clear inner_protocol once the packet is no longer MPLS, so a later push re-records the current header. net/sched/act_mpls.c is the only other skb_mpls_pop() caller and gets the same fix; sch_frag.c saves and restores inner_protocol around fragmentation in the same way OVS does.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6794 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 48d2ab609b6bbecb7698487c8579bc40de9d6dfa , < 55ed97db27bffe29c21fdefd5d25601322c36ff8 (git)
Affected: 48d2ab609b6bbecb7698487c8579bc40de9d6dfa , < 833ec2788322306407503b4cfc7745cd1f9d785f (git)
Affected: 48d2ab609b6bbecb7698487c8579bc40de9d6dfa , < 38db09804b2616aa1e2fcdf97f0c3ae8b9dbdd34 (git)
Affected: 48d2ab609b6bbecb7698487c8579bc40de9d6dfa , < 0b3425fd0ecd515997956f7bb8a8a576b444ed64 (git)
Affected: 48d2ab609b6bbecb7698487c8579bc40de9d6dfa , < 011e17b5cae19b9f6a150923275e41c278de64f0 (git)
Affected: 48d2ab609b6bbecb7698487c8579bc40de9d6dfa , < da8c3a7f5d3137fec4ff60a6248f5f6d66b6a63e (git)
Affected: 48d2ab609b6bbecb7698487c8579bc40de9d6dfa , < b39120523475d6b436be7f6cb27d48064148a327 (git)
Affected: 48d2ab609b6bbecb7698487c8579bc40de9d6dfa , < 78a86d75a70e1e227711c72865c59b1422d0a5ae (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.9
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.9 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.271 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.222 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.189 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.158 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.111 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.53 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.7 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: mpls: clear inner_protocol when the last label is popped\n\nskb_mpls_push() records the pre-encapsulation network header once, gated\non !skb-\u003einner_protocol. skb_mpls_pop() never clears that record, so it\noutlives the encapsulation it describes.\n\nOpen vSwitch can then re-push MPLS onto a packet whose\ninner_network_header still points at the older, deeper offset: push a\nlabel, pop every label, recirculate (ovs_flow_key_update() re-derives\nkey-\u003eeth.type and resets network_header, but leaves inner_*), then push\nagain. ovs_fragment() trusts the record:\n\n\tskb-\u003enetwork_header = skb-\u003einner_network_header;\n\nso skb_network_offset() goes negative. The bound check is signed:\n\n\tif (skb_network_offset(skb) \u003e MAX_L2_LEN)\n\na negative offset passes it, and prepare_frag() widens the value:\n\n\tunsigned int hlen = skb_network_offset(skb);\n\tmemcpy(\u0026data-\u003el2_data, skb-\u003edata, hlen);\n\nwhich is a ~4GiB memcpy out of a 30-byte per-CPU buffer.\n\nReproduced on v7.3-rc1. RDX is the truncated length, (unsigned int)(-8):\n\n  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffe8ffffc16000\n  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode\n  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI\n  RIP: 0010:memcpy+0x8/0x20\n  RDX: 00000000fffffff8 RSI: ffff888105d732db RDI: ffffe8ffffc16000\n   prepare_frag+0x3df/0x4e0\n   ovs_fragment+0x589/0x7e0\n   do_output+0x4ce/0x5e0\n   do_execute_actions+0x55d2/0x7b30\n   ovs_execute_actions+0xea/0x450\n\nSame root-cause shape as commit 975b5b067f52 (\"ipv6: sr: restore network\nheader before routing and forwarding\"): a stale network header offset\nreaching a consumer that widens it. Here it originates in the MPLS\npush/pop path.\n\nClear inner_protocol once the packet is no longer MPLS, so a later push\nre-records the current header. net/sched/act_mpls.c is the only other\nskb_mpls_pop() caller and gets the same fix; sch_frag.c saves and\nrestores inner_protocol around fragmentation in the same way OVS does."
        }
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        {
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
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            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The stale inner_network_header comes from OVS flow actions (push_mpls, pop_mpls, recirc, push_mpls) that the attacker installs over the ovs_flow/ovs_packet generic netlink families. No field of a received packet causes the bad offset, so the vector is local netlink rather than the wire.\nAC:L - The attacker chooses the flow action sequence and the oversized packet that sends do_output into ovs_fragment(). skb_mpls_pop() then deterministically leaves inner_protocol set, and the negative offset always passes the signed MAX_L2_LEN check, so nothing depends on timing or outside state.\nPR:L - The OVS datapath, vport, flow and packet genl operations use GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM with netnsok=true. That means CAP_NET_ADMIN inside an unprivileged user and network namespace (unshare -Urn) is enough to create a datapath, install the flows and execute packets.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed. The attacker installs the flows and injects or sends the packet themselves inside their own namespace.\nS:U - The overflow corrupts memory of the same kernel that performs the check. This is ordinary in-kernel memory corruption and crosses no hypervisor or IOMMU boundary.\nC:H - prepare_frag() turns a negative skb_network_offset() into an unsigned hlen of about 4 GiB and memcpy()s attacker packet bytes past the 30-byte per-CPU ovs_frag_data.l2_data. The write covers exec_level, owner, bh_lock and the per-CPU data that follows, and memory corruption of this kind can be leveraged for information disclosure.\nI:H - This is an out-of-bounds write of attacker-controlled skb data into the per-CPU ovs_pcpu_storage and the per-CPU memory after it, including a task_struct pointer (owner) and lock state. The corruption stays in place if the oops happens in process context (OVS_PACKET_CMD_EXECUTE).\nA:H - The runaway memcpy in prepare_frag() always runs until it hits an unmapped per-CPU page and oopses, as the fix\u0027s reproducer shows (write fault in memcpy from prepare_frag/ovs_fragment). The attacker can repeat this at will."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:10:16.030Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/55ed97db27bffe29c21fdefd5d25601322c36ff8"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/833ec2788322306407503b4cfc7745cd1f9d785f"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/38db09804b2616aa1e2fcdf97f0c3ae8b9dbdd34"
        },
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0b3425fd0ecd515997956f7bb8a8a576b444ed64"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78a86d75a70e1e227711c72865c59b1422d0a5ae"
        }
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      "title": "net: mpls: clear inner_protocol when the last label is popped",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-97612",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-25T10:22:21.423Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-24T16:01:01.158Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:10:16.030Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-97612",
      "date": "2026-11-01",
      "epss": "0.00169",
      "percentile": "0.06194"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-15T02:54:34.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-97612",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-97612",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-09-28T00:40:11.000Z",
      "product_status:fixed": "1",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "net: mpls: clear inner_protocol when the last label is popped",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-97612.json",
      "version": "3"
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          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: mpls: clear inner_protocol when the last label is popped\n\nskb_mpls_push() records the pre-encapsulation network header once, gated\non !skb-\u003einner_protocol. skb_mpls_pop() never clears that record, so it\noutlives the encapsulation it describes.\n\nOpen vSwitch can then re-push MPLS onto a packet whose\ninner_network_header still points at the older, deeper offset: push a\nlabel, pop every label, recirculate (ovs_flow_key_update() re-derives\nkey-\u003eeth.type and resets network_header, but leaves inner_*), then push\nagain. ovs_fragment() trusts the record:\n\n\tskb-\u003enetwork_header = skb-\u003einner_network_header;\n\nso skb_network_offset() goes negative. The bound check is signed:\n\n\tif (skb_network_offset(skb) \u003e MAX_L2_LEN)\n\na negative offset passes it, and prepare_frag() widens the value:\n\n\tunsigned int hlen = skb_network_offset(skb);\n\tmemcpy(\u0026data-\u003el2_data, skb-\u003edata, hlen);\n\nwhich is a ~4GiB memcpy out of a 30-byte per-CPU buffer.\n\nReproduced on v7.3-rc1. RDX is the truncated length, (unsigned int)(-8):\n\n  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffe8ffffc16000\n  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode\n  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI\n  RIP: 0010:memcpy+0x8/0x20\n  RDX: 00000000fffffff8 RSI: ffff888105d732db RDI: ffffe8ffffc16000\n   prepare_frag+0x3df/0x4e0\n   ovs_fragment+0x589/0x7e0\n   do_output+0x4ce/0x5e0\n   do_execute_actions+0x55d2/0x7b30\n   ovs_execute_actions+0xea/0x450\n\nSame root-cause shape as commit 975b5b067f52 (\"ipv6: sr: restore network\nheader before routing and forwarding\"): a stale network header offset\nreaching a consumer that widens it. Here it originates in the MPLS\npush/pop path.\n\nClear inner_protocol once the packet is no longer MPLS, so a later push\nre-records the current header. net/sched/act_mpls.c is the only other\nskb_mpls_pop() caller and gets the same fix; sch_frag.c saves and\nrestores inner_protocol around fragmentation in the same way OVS does."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-97612",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-19T10:17:31.307",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-09-25T11:17:15.330",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/011e17b5cae19b9f6a150923275e41c278de64f0"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0b3425fd0ecd515997956f7bb8a8a576b444ed64"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/38db09804b2616aa1e2fcdf97f0c3ae8b9dbdd34"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/55ed97db27bffe29c21fdefd5d25601322c36ff8"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78a86d75a70e1e227711c72865c59b1422d0a5ae"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/833ec2788322306407503b4cfc7745cd1f9d785f"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b39120523475d6b436be7f6cb27d48064148a327"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da8c3a7f5d3137fec4ff60a6248f5f6d66b6a63e"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-23T02:04:46+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-97612",
      "id": "CVE-2026-97612",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-09-25T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "278",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: net: mpls: clear inner_protocol when the last label is popped",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-97612.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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