CVE-2026-74625 (GCVE-0-2026-74625)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-22 15:32 – Updated: 2026-10-16 19:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
netfilter: bridge: release template ct on non-IP path
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: bridge: release template ct on non-IP path
A bridge nftables ct zone set rule can attach a conntrack template to
an skb before nf_ct_bridge_pre() sees it. For non-IPv4 and non-IPv6
EtherTypes, nf_ct_bridge_pre() currently overwrites skb->_nfct with
IP_CT_UNTRACKED without releasing the existing template reference.
That makes the per-cpu template, and any temporary templates allocated
for concurrent use, unreachable and leaks memory until the host runs out
of slab.
Reset the skb conntrack state before marking the frame untracked so the
existing template reference is dropped on the non-IP path.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 19:02 UTC
Assigner
References
8 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f , < fc90df37540627d092af770215fb4b7befe9409b
(git)
Affected: 3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f , < daa6e070f8e1e7a4dddec8b64ca37663f8cda917 (git) Affected: 3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f , < bd7b16494dacf87e9336a1dcfdada83b9e40edd6 (git) Affected: 3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f , < 6ea88401e10e04e0b3bb7a7adea54932fb60b93b (git) Affected: 3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f , < 46d559f00b1ab1d114f92d2f16c5ef0093b3b9dd (git) Affected: 3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f , < c58d34fe8b7e47bb0b350a7625023b1261342be5 (git) Affected: 3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f , < 7cff440d702616022769f2643168d7f9820547a0 (git) Affected: 3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f , < d45cc8020d7c0a9f01dee42ff5c40bc14c9af72f (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
5.3
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.3 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.265 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.216 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.183 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.152 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.104 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.45 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.1.9 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-74625",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-16T19:02:46.015893Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T19:06:03.037Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"net/bridge/netfilter/nf_conntrack_bridge.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "fc90df37540627d092af770215fb4b7befe9409b",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "daa6e070f8e1e7a4dddec8b64ca37663f8cda917",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "bd7b16494dacf87e9336a1dcfdada83b9e40edd6",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "6ea88401e10e04e0b3bb7a7adea54932fb60b93b",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "46d559f00b1ab1d114f92d2f16c5ef0093b3b9dd",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "c58d34fe8b7e47bb0b350a7625023b1261342be5",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "7cff440d702616022769f2643168d7f9820547a0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "d45cc8020d7c0a9f01dee42ff5c40bc14c9af72f",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"net/bridge/netfilter/nf_conntrack_bridge.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.3"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.3",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.10.265",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.216",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.183",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.152",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.104",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.18.45",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.1.9",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.2",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.10.265",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.15.216",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.183",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.152",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.104",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.18.45",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "7.1.9",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "7.2",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: bridge: release template ct on non-IP path\n\nA bridge nftables ct zone set rule can attach a conntrack template to\nan skb before nf_ct_bridge_pre() sees it. For non-IPv4 and non-IPv6\nEtherTypes, nf_ct_bridge_pre() currently overwrites skb-\u003e_nfct with\nIP_CT_UNTRACKED without releasing the existing template reference.\n\nThat makes the per-cpu template, and any temporary templates allocated\nfor concurrent use, unreachable and leaks memory until the host runs out\nof slab.\n\nReset the skb conntrack state before marking the frame untracked so the\nexisting template reference is dropped on the non-IP path."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:N - Non-IP L2 frames (ARP/LLDP) injected into a Linux bridge reach NF_BR_PRE_ROUTING via br_handle_frame\u2192nf_hook_bridge_pre; on overlay/container hosts (VXLAN/GRE bridges in Docker/k8s/OpenStack) remote peers can deliver those frames across routed networks to the victim bridge port.\nAC:L - Once a bridge nftables ct zone set rule runs before NF_IP_PRI_CONNTRACK (-200), every non-IPv4/IPv6 EtherType frame deterministically leaks template references; the attacker controls rule priority, zone value, and can flood ARP/LLDP to accelerate the leak without races.\nPR:N - On bridge firewalls/routers with deployed nftables ct zone marking, exploitation needs only unauthenticated L2 packet delivery\u2014no host UID, capability, or namespace privilege; CAP_NET_ADMIN (obtainable via user namespaces) is an alternate Low path for self-setup but not required on pre-configured appliances.\nUI:N - Bridge netfilter processes received frames automatically in softirq; no victim mount, click, or administrative action is required beyond normal bridge forwarding of attacker-supplied non-IP traffic.\nS:U - Impact is unbounded kernel slab consumption from leaked nf_conn template objects within the host kernel; it does not cross VM, container, IOMMU, or hypervisor security boundaries.\nC:N - The bug is a missing nf_conntrack_put()\u2014a reference-count leak\u2014not a use-after-free, out-of-bounds read, or disclosure primitive; orphaned templates are unreachable and their contents are never returned to the attacker.\nI:N - Only template reference counts are leaked via skb-\u003e_nfct overwrite; no heap corruption, type confusion, or attacker-controlled writes occur, so integrity cannot be compromised beyond availability loss from memory pressure.\nA:H - Each leaked per-CPU and temporary conntrack template is never freed; sustained non-IP frame flooding can exhaust kernel slab until OOM, causing severe host unavailability or panic on memory-allocation failure paths."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-25T05:40:48.341Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fc90df37540627d092af770215fb4b7befe9409b"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/daa6e070f8e1e7a4dddec8b64ca37663f8cda917"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bd7b16494dacf87e9336a1dcfdada83b9e40edd6"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ea88401e10e04e0b3bb7a7adea54932fb60b93b"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/46d559f00b1ab1d114f92d2f16c5ef0093b3b9dd"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c58d34fe8b7e47bb0b350a7625023b1261342be5"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7cff440d702616022769f2643168d7f9820547a0"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d45cc8020d7c0a9f01dee42ff5c40bc14c9af72f"
}
],
"title": "netfilter: bridge: release template ct on non-IP path",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-74625",
"datePublished": "2026-08-22T15:32:07.929Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-15T05:44:03.921Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T19:06:03.037Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2026-74625",
"date": "2026-11-02",
"epss": "0.00501",
"percentile": "0.42926"
},
"microsoft_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2026-09-25T02:17:07.000Z",
"cve": "CVE-2026-74625",
"id": "msrc_CVE-2026-74625",
"initial_release_date": "2026-08-24T01:10:16.000Z",
"product_status:fixed": "1",
"product_status:known_affected": "1",
"source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "netfilter: bridge: release template ct on non-IP path",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-74625.json",
"version": "4"
},
"nvd": {
"cve": {
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"net/bridge/netfilter/nf_conntrack_bridge.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "fc90df37540627d092af770215fb4b7befe9409b",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "daa6e070f8e1e7a4dddec8b64ca37663f8cda917",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "bd7b16494dacf87e9336a1dcfdada83b9e40edd6",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "6ea88401e10e04e0b3bb7a7adea54932fb60b93b",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "46d559f00b1ab1d114f92d2f16c5ef0093b3b9dd",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "c58d34fe8b7e47bb0b350a7625023b1261342be5",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "7cff440d702616022769f2643168d7f9820547a0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "d45cc8020d7c0a9f01dee42ff5c40bc14c9af72f",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"net/bridge/netfilter/nf_conntrack_bridge.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.3"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.3",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.10.265",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.216",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.183",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.152",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.104",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.18.45",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.1.9",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.2",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: bridge: release template ct on non-IP path\n\nA bridge nftables ct zone set rule can attach a conntrack template to\nan skb before nf_ct_bridge_pre() sees it. For non-IPv4 and non-IPv6\nEtherTypes, nf_ct_bridge_pre() currently overwrites skb-\u003e_nfct with\nIP_CT_UNTRACKED without releasing the existing template reference.\n\nThat makes the per-cpu template, and any temporary templates allocated\nfor concurrent use, unreachable and leaks memory until the host runs out\nof slab.\n\nReset the skb conntrack state before marking the frame untracked so the\nexisting template reference is dropped on the non-IP path."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nnetfilter: bridge: liberar plantilla ct en la ruta no-IP\n\nUna regla de conjunto de zona ct de nftables de puente puede adjuntar una plantilla de conntrack a un skb antes de que nf_ct_bridge_pre() lo vea. Para EtherTypes no-IPv4 y no-IPv6, nf_ct_bridge_pre() actualmente sobrescribe skb -\u003e _nfct con IP_CT_UNTRACKED sin liberar la referencia de plantilla existente.\n\nEso hace que la plantilla por-CPU, y cualquier plantilla temporal asignada para uso concurrente, sea inalcanzable y fuga memoria hasta que el host se quede sin slab.\n\nRestablecer el estado de conntrack del skb antes de marcar el frame como no rastreado para que la referencia de plantilla existente sea eliminada en la ruta no-IP."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2026-74625",
"lastModified": "2026-10-16T20:17:47.633",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
"impactScore": 3.6,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
}
],
"ssvcV203": [
{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"ssvcData": {
"id": "CVE-2026-74625",
"options": [
{
"exploitation": "none"
},
{
"automatable": "yes"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-16T19:02:46.015893Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
}
}
]
},
"published": "2026-08-22T16:16:35.390",
"references": [
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/46d559f00b1ab1d114f92d2f16c5ef0093b3b9dd"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ea88401e10e04e0b3bb7a7adea54932fb60b93b"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7cff440d702616022769f2643168d7f9820547a0"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bd7b16494dacf87e9336a1dcfdada83b9e40edd6"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c58d34fe8b7e47bb0b350a7625023b1261342be5"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d45cc8020d7c0a9f01dee42ff5c40bc14c9af72f"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/daa6e070f8e1e7a4dddec8b64ca37663f8cda917"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fc90df37540627d092af770215fb4b7befe9409b"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Received"
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-10-17T21:25:45+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2026-74625",
"id": "CVE-2026-74625",
"initial_release_date": "2026-08-22T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_affected": "185",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "90",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: netfilter: bridge: release template ct on non-IP path",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-74625.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-74625",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-16T19:02:46.015893Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T19:02:46.584Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"net/bridge/netfilter/nf_conntrack_bridge.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "fc90df37540627d092af770215fb4b7befe9409b",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "daa6e070f8e1e7a4dddec8b64ca37663f8cda917",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "bd7b16494dacf87e9336a1dcfdada83b9e40edd6",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "6ea88401e10e04e0b3bb7a7adea54932fb60b93b",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "46d559f00b1ab1d114f92d2f16c5ef0093b3b9dd",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "c58d34fe8b7e47bb0b350a7625023b1261342be5",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "7cff440d702616022769f2643168d7f9820547a0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "d45cc8020d7c0a9f01dee42ff5c40bc14c9af72f",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"net/bridge/netfilter/nf_conntrack_bridge.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.3"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.3",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.10.265",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.216",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.183",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.152",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.104",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.18.45",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.1.9",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.2",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.10.265",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.15.216",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.183",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.152",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.104",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.18.45",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "7.1.9",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "7.2",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: bridge: release template ct on non-IP path\n\nA bridge nftables ct zone set rule can attach a conntrack template to\nan skb before nf_ct_bridge_pre() sees it. For non-IPv4 and non-IPv6\nEtherTypes, nf_ct_bridge_pre() currently overwrites skb-\u003e_nfct with\nIP_CT_UNTRACKED without releasing the existing template reference.\n\nThat makes the per-cpu template, and any temporary templates allocated\nfor concurrent use, unreachable and leaks memory until the host runs out\nof slab.\n\nReset the skb conntrack state before marking the frame untracked so the\nexisting template reference is dropped on the non-IP path."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:N - Non-IP L2 frames (ARP/LLDP) injected into a Linux bridge reach NF_BR_PRE_ROUTING via br_handle_frame\u2192nf_hook_bridge_pre; on overlay/container hosts (VXLAN/GRE bridges in Docker/k8s/OpenStack) remote peers can deliver those frames across routed networks to the victim bridge port.\nAC:L - Once a bridge nftables ct zone set rule runs before NF_IP_PRI_CONNTRACK (-200), every non-IPv4/IPv6 EtherType frame deterministically leaks template references; the attacker controls rule priority, zone value, and can flood ARP/LLDP to accelerate the leak without races.\nPR:N - On bridge firewalls/routers with deployed nftables ct zone marking, exploitation needs only unauthenticated L2 packet delivery\u2014no host UID, capability, or namespace privilege; CAP_NET_ADMIN (obtainable via user namespaces) is an alternate Low path for self-setup but not required on pre-configured appliances.\nUI:N - Bridge netfilter processes received frames automatically in softirq; no victim mount, click, or administrative action is required beyond normal bridge forwarding of attacker-supplied non-IP traffic.\nS:U - Impact is unbounded kernel slab consumption from leaked nf_conn template objects within the host kernel; it does not cross VM, container, IOMMU, or hypervisor security boundaries.\nC:N - The bug is a missing nf_conntrack_put()\u2014a reference-count leak\u2014not a use-after-free, out-of-bounds read, or disclosure primitive; orphaned templates are unreachable and their contents are never returned to the attacker.\nI:N - Only template reference counts are leaked via skb-\u003e_nfct overwrite; no heap corruption, type confusion, or attacker-controlled writes occur, so integrity cannot be compromised beyond availability loss from memory pressure.\nA:H - Each leaked per-CPU and temporary conntrack template is never freed; sustained non-IP frame flooding can exhaust kernel slab until OOM, causing severe host unavailability or panic on memory-allocation failure paths."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-25T05:40:48.341Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fc90df37540627d092af770215fb4b7befe9409b"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/daa6e070f8e1e7a4dddec8b64ca37663f8cda917"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bd7b16494dacf87e9336a1dcfdada83b9e40edd6"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ea88401e10e04e0b3bb7a7adea54932fb60b93b"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/46d559f00b1ab1d114f92d2f16c5ef0093b3b9dd"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c58d34fe8b7e47bb0b350a7625023b1261342be5"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7cff440d702616022769f2643168d7f9820547a0"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d45cc8020d7c0a9f01dee42ff5c40bc14c9af72f"
}
],
"title": "netfilter: bridge: release template ct on non-IP path",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-74625",
"datePublished": "2026-08-22T15:32:07.929Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-15T05:44:03.921Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T19:06:03.037Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
Loading timeline…
Loading…
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.