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CVE-2026-74387 (GCVE-0-2026-74387)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-15 05:59 – Updated: 2026-08-17 05:46
VLAI
Title
ALSA: seq: midi: Serialize output teardown with event_input
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: seq: midi: Serialize output teardown with event_input event_process_midi() borrows msynth->output_rfile.output and then passes the substream to dump_midi() and snd_rawmidi_kernel_write() without synchronizing with the output open/close transition. midisynth_use() also publishes output_rfile before snd_rawmidi_output_params() has finished. The last midisynth_unuse() can therefore release the same rawmidi file and free substream->runtime before snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1() takes its runtime buffer reference. That leaves the event_input path using a stale substream or runtime and can end in a NULL-deref or use-after-free. Fix this with two pieces of synchronization. Keep a short IRQ-safe spinlock only for publishing or clearing output_rfile and for pairing the output snapshot with an snd_use_lock_t reference. Once event_process_midi() has taken that in-flight reference, it drops the spinlock before calling snd_seq_dump_var_event(), dump_midi(), or snd_rawmidi_kernel_write(). midisynth_unuse() now detaches the visible rawmidi file under the same spinlock, waits for the in-flight writers to drain, and only then drains and releases the saved file. midisynth_use() likewise opens into a local snd_rawmidi_file and publishes it only after snd_rawmidi_output_params() succeeds. The buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the order within that path: event_input path: last unuse path: 1. event_process_midi() snapshots 1. midisynth_unuse() starts output_rfile.output. tearing down output_rfile. 2. dump_midi() reaches 2. snd_rawmidi_kernel_release() snd_rawmidi_kernel_write() closes the output file. before runtime is pinned. 3. close_substream() frees 3. The callback keeps using substream->runtime. the borrowed substream. Validation reproduced this kernel report: KASAN null-ptr-deref in snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1+0x56/0x360 RIP: 0033:0x7fde7dd0837f RIP: 0010:snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1+0x56/0x360
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < f5d470b808bc01f70978e22e595c6f7768313406 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 936641af564c3d92721704b781e36aaf223efdd2 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 718f6a56b40875f19e6915799044a02df9abfd52 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 11165fe2c5ea0516debe486d91df67abbe36905e (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < d6fd2afb137f52bf00c5210cc44d08ed54dcffb4 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < ef7607ab1c8adc6258fb1b27d08e26aecdc18a58 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 2.6.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.12 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.178 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.145 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.97 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.40 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.5 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nALSA: seq: midi: Serialize output teardown with event_input\n\nevent_process_midi() borrows msynth-\u003eoutput_rfile.output and then\npasses the substream to dump_midi() and snd_rawmidi_kernel_write()\nwithout synchronizing with the output open/close transition.\nmidisynth_use() also publishes output_rfile before\nsnd_rawmidi_output_params() has finished.\n\nThe last midisynth_unuse() can therefore release the same rawmidi file\nand free substream-\u003eruntime before snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1() takes\nits runtime buffer reference. That leaves the event_input path using a\nstale substream or runtime and can end in a NULL-deref or use-after-free.\n\nFix this with two pieces of synchronization. Keep a short IRQ-safe\nspinlock only for publishing or clearing output_rfile and for pairing\nthe output snapshot with an snd_use_lock_t reference. Once\nevent_process_midi() has taken that in-flight reference, it drops the\nspinlock before calling snd_seq_dump_var_event(), dump_midi(), or\nsnd_rawmidi_kernel_write(). midisynth_unuse() now detaches the visible\nrawmidi file under the same spinlock, waits for the in-flight writers\nto drain, and only then drains and releases the saved file.\nmidisynth_use() likewise opens into a local snd_rawmidi_file and\npublishes it only after snd_rawmidi_output_params() succeeds.\n\nThe buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the\norder within that path:\n\nevent_input path:                     last unuse path:\n1. event_process_midi() snapshots    1. midisynth_unuse() starts\n   output_rfile.output.                 tearing down output_rfile.\n2. dump_midi() reaches               2. snd_rawmidi_kernel_release()\n   snd_rawmidi_kernel_write()           closes the output file.\n   before runtime is pinned.         3. close_substream() frees\n3. The callback keeps using             substream-\u003eruntime.\n   the borrowed substream.\n\nValidation reproduced this kernel report:\nKASAN null-ptr-deref in snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1+0x56/0x360\nRIP: 0033:0x7fde7dd0837f\nRIP: 0010:snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1+0x56/0x360"
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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              "value": "AV:L - The bug is reached only via local ALSA sequencer interfaces: opening /dev/snd/seq, subscribing to a MIDI synth port (SNDRV_SEQ_IOCTL_SUBSCRIBE_PORT), writing events (snd_seq_write), and unsubscribing (SNDRV_SEQ_IOCTL_UNSUBSCRIBE_PORT). There is no network, Bluetooth, or physical-device packet path to event_process_midi().\nAC:L - Exploitation is a race between MIDI event delivery and the last midisynth_unuse() teardown; an attacker controls both sides by concurrently writing sequencer events and unsubscribing from the same MIDI output port. Published reproducers triggered KASAN null-deref/UAF reliably without external timing luck.\nPR:L - Any unprivileged local user with standard ALSA access (typically membership in the audio group for /dev/snd/seq) can create a sequencer client, subscribe to hardware MIDI synth ports, dispatch events, and trigger teardown. No real root/CAP_SYS_ADMIN or user-namespace capability is required.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires no victim interaction; the attacker programmatically opens the sequencer, subscribes, floods MIDI events, and unsubscribes from their own client. No mount, file open, or other user-driven action by another party is needed.\nS:U - Impact is kernel memory corruption and potential local privilege escalation within the same kernel security domain. It does not cross a VM/host, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary; compromised resources remain under the same OS authority.\nC:H - The race frees substream-\u003eruntime (kmalloc-192 snd_rawmidi_runtime) while event_process_midi() still dereferences it in dump_midi()/snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1(), producing a confirmed slab use-after-free and NULL-deref. UAF on kernel heap objects enables arbitrary memory disclosure via heap grooming.\nI:H - Use-after-free of the rawmidi runtime while the write path accesses runtime-\u003ebuffer and related fields can be turned into controlled heap corruption and arbitrary kernel writes/code execution, not merely a one-shot crash. Memory corruption primitives warrant High integrity impact.\nA:H - Concurrent unsubscribe frees the output runtime during an in-flight write, causing KASAN-reported null-pointer dereference and slab use-after-free in snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1(). This can oops or panic the kernel and be retriggered by repeated subscribe/write/unsubscribe cycles."
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    "dateReserved": "2026-08-15T05:44:03.890Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:46:36.550Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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That leaves the event_input path using a\\nstale substream or runtime and can end in a NULL-deref or use-after-free.\\n\\nFix this with two pieces of synchronization. Keep a short IRQ-safe\\nspinlock only for publishing or clearing output_rfile and for pairing\\nthe output snapshot with an snd_use_lock_t reference. Once\\nevent_process_midi() has taken that in-flight reference, it drops the\\nspinlock before calling snd_seq_dump_var_event(), dump_midi(), or\\nsnd_rawmidi_kernel_write(). midisynth_unuse() now detaches the visible\\nrawmidi file under the same spinlock, waits for the in-flight writers\\nto drain, and only then drains and releases the saved file.\\nmidisynth_use() likewise opens into a local snd_rawmidi_file and\\npublishes it only after snd_rawmidi_output_params() succeeds.\\n\\nThe buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the\\norder within that path:\\n\\nevent_input path:                     last unuse path:\\n1. event_process_midi() snapshots    1. midisynth_unuse() starts\\n   output_rfile.output.                 tearing down output_rfile.\\n2. dump_midi() reaches               2. snd_rawmidi_kernel_release()\\n   snd_rawmidi_kernel_write()           closes the output file.\\n   before runtime is pinned.         3. close_substream() frees\\n3. The callback keeps using             substream-\u003eruntime.\\n   the borrowed substream.\\n\\nValidation reproduced this kernel report:\\nKASAN null-ptr-deref in snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1+0x56/0x360\\nRIP: 0033:0x7fde7dd0837f\\nRIP: 0010:snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1+0x56/0x360\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"f5d470b808bc01f70978e22e595c6f7768313406\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"936641af564c3d92721704b781e36aaf223efdd2\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"718f6a56b40875f19e6915799044a02df9abfd52\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"11165fe2c5ea0516debe486d91df67abbe36905e\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"d6fd2afb137f52bf00c5210cc44d08ed54dcffb4\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"ef7607ab1c8adc6258fb1b27d08e26aecdc18a58\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"2.6.12\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"2.6.12\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.178\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.145\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.97\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.40\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1.5\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/11165fe2c5ea0516debe486d91df67abbe36905e\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/718f6a56b40875f19e6915799044a02df9abfd52\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/936641af564c3d92721704b781e36aaf223efdd2\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d6fd2afb137f52bf00c5210cc44d08ed54dcffb4\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef7607ab1c8adc6258fb1b27d08e26aecdc18a58\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f5d470b808bc01f70978e22e595c6f7768313406\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-20T20:53:48+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74387",
      "id": "CVE-2026-74387",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-15T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "260",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "14",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: ALSA: seq: midi: Serialize output teardown with event_input",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-74387.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

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  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
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