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CVE-2026-72283 (GCVE-0-2026-72283)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-15 05:55 – Updated: 2026-08-17 05:42
VLAI
Title
KVM: x86: Nullify irqfd->producer if updating IRTE for bypass fails
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86: Nullify irqfd->producer if updating IRTE for bypass fails Nullify irqfd->producer if updating the IRTE for bypass fails, as leaving a dangling pointer will result in a use-after-free if the irqfd is reachable through KVM's routing, but the producer is freed separately. E.g. for VFIO PCI, the producer is embedded in struct "vfio_pci_irq_ctx" and freed when the vector is disabled, which can happen independent of routing updates. [sean: drop PPC change, massage changelog]
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 77e1b8332d1d7aa786f7515e9bd4055def6a1e06 , < d1379888cc4230bac647ec24ab83306afbd03e88 (git)
Affected: 77e1b8332d1d7aa786f7515e9bd4055def6a1e06 , < d5560b6569cd05ba72c6b33427fbabc6ec46b8cf (git)
Affected: 77e1b8332d1d7aa786f7515e9bd4055def6a1e06 , < ed446e8aa894883c08892cfee69782fdf8f6c3ca (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 6.17
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.17 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.40 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.5 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/x86/kvm/irq.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "d1379888cc4230bac647ec24ab83306afbd03e88",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "77e1b8332d1d7aa786f7515e9bd4055def6a1e06",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
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              "versionType": "git"
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          ],
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          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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              "version": "6.17"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.40",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.1.5",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.40",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.1.5",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.2",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: x86: Nullify irqfd-\u003eproducer if updating IRTE for bypass fails\n\nNullify irqfd-\u003eproducer if updating the IRTE for bypass fails, as leaving a\ndangling pointer will result in a use-after-free if the irqfd is reachable\nthrough KVM\u0027s routing, but the producer is freed separately.  E.g. for VFIO\nPCI, the producer is embedded in struct \"vfio_pci_irq_ctx\" and freed when\nthe vector is disabled, which can happen independent of routing updates.\n\n[sean: drop PPC change, massage changelog]"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The bug is reached only through local KVM VM ioctls (KVM_IRQFD, KVM_SET_GSI_ROUTING) and VFIO PCI IRQ ioctls that wire an irqfd consumer to a VFIO MSI/MSI-X producer; there is no network, adjacent-radio, or physical-device attack surface.\nAC:L - An attacker who can open the VM and VFIO fds controls both sides of the failure window (provoke kvm_pi_update_irte() to fail during irq_bypass_add_producer, disable the VFIO vector to free vfio_pci_irq_ctx, then change GSI routing) and can retry routing/affinity until the dangling irqfd-\u003eproducer is dereferenced.\nPR:L - Exploitation requires only local access to KVM and VFIO device nodes to issue the relevant ioctls (typical for QEMU/libvirt kvm-group operators or cloud tenants running VMs with PCI passthrough), not full init-namespace root or capabilities obtainable only inside unprivileged user namespaces.\nUI:N - The use-after-free is triggered entirely by the attacker\u0027s own ioctl sequence and subsequent routing updates; no victim login, file open, mount, or other interactive action is required.\nS:C - The dangling producer is used to update IOMMU posted-interrupt IRTEs for VFIO-assigned PCI MSIs, crossing the guest/host device-assignment boundary; corrupting interrupt remapping can compromise the host kernel and enable VM escape rather than staying within the attacker\u0027s VM scope.\nC:H - This is a kernel heap use-after-free on irqfd-\u003eproducer embedded in vfio_pci_irq_ctx; freed-object reuse supplies attacker-influenced host_irq values to irq_set_vcpu_affinity(), enabling arbitrary kernel memory reads and pointer disclosure, not merely a bounded leak.\nI:H - UAF of the VFIO irq producer plus mistaken irq_set_vcpu_affinity()/IRTE reprogramming with a stale or attacker-controlled IRQ number can corrupt host kernel heap metadata and IOMMU interrupt tables, providing a path to arbitrary write and code execution.\nA:H - Dereferencing the freed vfio_pci_irq_ctx from kvm_pi_update_irte() during kvm_irq_routing_update() can immediately BUG/WARN/oops the host kernel; even attempted exploitation of the UAF commonly crashes the host."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:42:18.185Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d1379888cc4230bac647ec24ab83306afbd03e88"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5560b6569cd05ba72c6b33427fbabc6ec46b8cf"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed446e8aa894883c08892cfee69782fdf8f6c3ca"
        }
      ],
      "title": "KVM: x86: Nullify irqfd-\u003eproducer if updating IRTE for bypass fails",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-72283",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-15T05:55:06.959Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-09T03:40:39.917Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:42:18.185Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72283",
      "date": "2026-09-04",
      "epss": "0.00179",
      "percentile": "0.07488"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-72283\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-08-15T06:21:59.037\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-08-17T06:18:30.940\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nKVM: x86: Nullify irqfd-\u003eproducer if updating IRTE for bypass fails\\n\\nNullify irqfd-\u003eproducer if updating the IRTE for bypass fails, as leaving a\\ndangling pointer will result in a use-after-free if the irqfd is reachable\\nthrough KVM\u0027s routing, but the producer is freed separately.  E.g. for VFIO\\nPCI, the producer is embedded in struct \\\"vfio_pci_irq_ctx\\\" and freed when\\nthe vector is disabled, which can happen independent of routing updates.\\n\\n[sean: drop PPC change, massage changelog]\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"arch/x86/kvm/irq.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"77e1b8332d1d7aa786f7515e9bd4055def6a1e06\",\"lessThan\":\"d1379888cc4230bac647ec24ab83306afbd03e88\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"77e1b8332d1d7aa786f7515e9bd4055def6a1e06\",\"lessThan\":\"d5560b6569cd05ba72c6b33427fbabc6ec46b8cf\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"77e1b8332d1d7aa786f7515e9bd4055def6a1e06\",\"lessThan\":\"ed446e8aa894883c08892cfee69782fdf8f6c3ca\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"arch/x86/kvm/irq.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"6.17\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"6.17\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.40\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1.5\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"CHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.0,\"impactScore\":6.0}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d1379888cc4230bac647ec24ab83306afbd03e88\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5560b6569cd05ba72c6b33427fbabc6ec46b8cf\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed446e8aa894883c08892cfee69782fdf8f6c3ca\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-18T19:17:44+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72283",
      "id": "CVE-2026-72283",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-15T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "90",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "184",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: KVM: x86: Nullify irqfd-\u003eproducer if updating IRTE for bypass fails",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-72283.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.