Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-54080 (GCVE-0-2026-54080)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-29 15:17 – Updated: 2026-07-29 15:48

Title

veraPDF Parser DoS via PostScript CMap Streams

Summary

veraPDF PDF parser is a PDF parser for veraPDF. Prior to 1.30.2 and 1.31.23, veraPDF-parser contains a denial-of-service vulnerability in veraPDF-parser/src/main/java/org/verapdf/pd/font/cmap/CMapParser.java and veraPDF-parser/src/main/java/org/verapdf/parser/postscript/PSOperator.java, where a crafted Type 0 font /Encoding or /ToUnicode CMap stream can execute unbounded PostScript array allocation or a zero-increment for loop and exhaust validator memory or CPU. This issue is fixed in versions 1.30.2 and 1.31.23.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-29 15:48 UTC

CWE

CWE-1325 - Improperly Controlled Sequential Memory Allocation

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7761 records in the last 180 days details

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/securit…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/pull/703	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/commit/…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/commit/…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
veraPDF	veraPDF-parser	Affected: < 1.30.2 Affected: >= 1.31.1, < 1.31.23	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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}

FKIE_CVE-2026-54080

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-07-29 16:17 - Updated: 2026-10-23 23:10

Severity

6.9 (Medium) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/commit/73d6ec002b98ce1f3f68640442f8e5d5613c80ce
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/commit/cb3538607a549d63504299be1088c85ae48605f4
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/pull/703
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/security/advisories/GHSA-jrmc-qg6p-94fp

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "veraPDF-parser",
          "vendor": "veraPDF",
          "versions": [
            {
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              "version": "\u003c 1.30.2"
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    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "El analizador de PDF veraPDF es un analizador de PDF para veraPDF. Antes de las versiones 1.30.2 y 1.31.23, veraPDF-parser contiene una vulnerabilidad de denegaci\u00f3n de servicio en veraPDF-parser/src/main/java/org/verapdf/pd/font/cmap/CMapParser.java y veraPDF-parser/src/main/java/org/verapdf/parser/postscript/PSOperator.java, donde un flujo CMap /Encoding o /ToUnicode de una fuente Type 0 manipulada puede ejecutar una asignaci\u00f3n de array PostScript ilimitada o un bucle \u2019for\u2019 de incremento cero y agotar la memoria o CPU del validador. Este problema est\u00e1 corregido en las versiones 1.30.2 y 1.31.23."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-54080",
  "lastModified": "2026-10-23T23:10:00.157",
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      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-54080",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-07-29T15:48:26.907792Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-07-29T16:17:53.347",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/commit/73d6ec002b98ce1f3f68640442f8e5d5613c80ce"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/commit/cb3538607a549d63504299be1088c85ae48605f4"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/pull/703"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/security/advisories/GHSA-jrmc-qg6p-94fp"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-1325"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JRMC-QG6P-94FP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-29 15:17 – Updated: 2026-07-29 15:17

Summary

veraPDF Parser DoS via PostScript CMap Streams

Details

Summary

Description

A PostScript-interpreter-driven Denial of Service (CWE-1325) vulnerability in veraPDF allows a remote attacker to exhaust validator memory or CPU by submitting a PDF whose Type 0 font /Encoding (or any /ToUnicode) is a CMap stream containing attacker-supplied PostScript. veraPDF reuses its CMap parser as a general PostScript interpreter and exposes the unguarded array N allocation operator and the for control operator with no zero-increment guard. This affects all current versions of veraPDF-parser.

Details

The vulnerability resides in veraPDF-parser. CMap streams referenced as a Type 0 font's /Encoding (or any font's /ToUnicode) are parsed by CMapParser (veraPDF-parser/src/main/java/org/verapdf/pd/font/cmap/CMapParser.java), which extends PSParser. Tokens that are not the small CMap-specific keyword set (begincodespacerange, bfchar, cidchar, ...) fall through to PSObject.execute (veraPDF-parser/src/main/java/org/verapdf/parser/postscript/PSObject.java), which dispatches generic PostScript operators implemented in PSOperator (veraPDF-parser/src/main/java/org/verapdf/parser/postscript/PSOperator.java).

Two operators in that interpreter take their bound from the PDF and apply no validation: 1. array at PSOperator.java:536-547 pops the top number from the operand stack and immediately calls COSArray.construct(arraySize), then loops arraySize times appending COSObject.getEmpty(). COSArray.construct(int) calls new ArrayList<>(arraySize) (COSArray.java:102), so the underlying Object[] is allocated up-front. Passing 2147483647 (Integer.MAX_VALUE) requests a 16 GB backing array on a 64-bit JVM. 2. for at PSOperator.java:571-592 reads initial, increment, and limit from the stack and loops for (long i = initial; i <= limit; i += increment). Because increment is unchecked, 0 0 1 { } for produces an infinite-CPU spin (and progressively a heap exhaustion as each iteration pushes i onto the operand stack).

CMapFactory.getCMap only catches IOException and PostScriptException; it does not catch OutOfMemoryError or wall-clock budget, so the failure propagates out of font model construction and aborts the validation worker.

A single payload byte sequence, the unframed PostScript 2147483647 array, is sufficient. No begincmap/endcmap framing is required because the operator runs before the parser ever reaches the CMap structure.

Impact

This impacts all current releases of the veraPDF-parser. Successful exploitation requires only that the target validate an attacker-supplied PDF; a single Type 0 font with a malicious /Encoding (or any /ToUnicode) stream is sufficient.

Proposed Patch

Cap array allocation and forbid zero increments in for.

As a defensive measure, also wrap CMapFactory.getCMap to enforce a wall-clock and operand-stack-size budget on CMap parsing, and audit the remaining unbounded operators (copy, roll, dict) for similar primitives.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.30.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.verapdf:parser"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.30.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.31.22"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.verapdf:parser"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.31.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.31.23"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-54080"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1325"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-29T15:17:32Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\n**Description**\n\nA PostScript-interpreter-driven Denial of Service (CWE-1325) vulnerability in veraPDF allows a remote attacker to exhaust validator memory or CPU by submitting a PDF whose Type 0 font `/Encoding` (or any `/ToUnicode`) is a CMap stream containing attacker-supplied PostScript. veraPDF reuses its CMap parser as a general PostScript interpreter and exposes the unguarded `array N` allocation operator and the `for` control operator with no zero-increment guard. This affects all current versions of veraPDF-parser.\n\n## Details\n\nThe vulnerability resides in veraPDF-parser. CMap streams referenced as a Type 0 font\u0027s `/Encoding` (or any font\u0027s `/ToUnicode`) are parsed by `CMapParser` (veraPDF-parser/src/main/java/org/verapdf/pd/font/cmap/CMapParser.java), which extends `PSParser`. Tokens that are not the small CMap-specific keyword set (`begincodespacerange`, `bfchar`, `cidchar`, ...) fall through to `PSObject.execute` (veraPDF-parser/src/main/java/org/verapdf/parser/postscript/PSObject.java), which dispatches generic PostScript operators implemented in `PSOperator` (veraPDF-parser/src/main/java/org/verapdf/parser/postscript/PSOperator.java).\n\nTwo operators in that interpreter take their bound from the PDF and apply no validation:\n1. `array` at PSOperator.java:536-547 pops the top number from the operand stack and immediately calls `COSArray.construct(arraySize)`, then loops `arraySize` times appending `COSObject.getEmpty()`. `COSArray.construct(int)` calls `new ArrayList\u003c\u003e(arraySize)` (COSArray.java:102), so the underlying `Object[]` is allocated up-front. Passing `2147483647` (`Integer.MAX_VALUE`) requests a 16 GB backing array on a 64-bit JVM.\n2. `for` at PSOperator.java:571-592 reads `initial`, `increment`, and `limit` from the stack and loops `for (long i = initial; i \u003c= limit; i += increment)`. Because `increment` is unchecked, `0 0 1 { } for` produces an infinite-CPU spin (and progressively a heap exhaustion as each iteration pushes `i` onto the operand stack).\n\n`CMapFactory.getCMap` only catches `IOException` and `PostScriptException`; it does not catch `OutOfMemoryError` or wall-clock budget, so the failure propagates out of font model construction and aborts the validation worker.\n\nA single payload byte sequence, the unframed PostScript `2147483647 array`, is sufficient. No `begincmap`/`endcmap` framing is required because the operator runs before the parser ever reaches the CMap structure.\n\n## Impact\n\nThis impacts all current releases of the veraPDF-parser. Successful exploitation requires only that the target validate an attacker-supplied PDF; a single Type 0 font with a malicious `/Encoding` (or any `/ToUnicode`) stream is sufficient.\n\n## Proposed Patch\n\nCap `array` allocation and forbid zero increments in `for`.\n\nAs a defensive measure, also wrap `CMapFactory.getCMap` to enforce a wall-clock and operand-stack-size budget on CMap parsing, and audit the remaining unbounded operators (`copy`, `roll`, `dict`) for similar primitives.",
  "id": "GHSA-jrmc-qg6p-94fp",
  "modified": "2026-07-29T15:17:32Z",
  "published": "2026-07-29T15:17:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/security/advisories/GHSA-jrmc-qg6p-94fp"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/pull/703"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/commit/73d6ec002b98ce1f3f68640442f8e5d5613c80ce"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser/commit/cb3538607a549d63504299be1088c85ae48605f4"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-parser"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "veraPDF Parser DoS via PostScript CMap Streams"
}

WID-SEC-W-2026-2867

Vulnerability from csaf_certbund - Published: 2026-08-16 22:00 - Updated: 2026-08-31 22:00

Summary

RealObjects PDFreactor: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen nicht spezifizierten Angriff

Severity

Mittel

Scope

35 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2026-54080.

CVE-2026-54080

Known affected: 1 product

Open the full advisory

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-54080 (GCVE-0-2026-54080)

FKIE_CVE-2026-54080

GHSA-JRMC-QG6P-94FP

Summary

Details

Impact

Proposed Patch

WID-SEC-W-2026-2867

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