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CVE-2026-53399 (GCVE-0-2026-53399)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-19 12:02 – Updated: 2026-08-17 04:50
VLAI
Title
nfsd: release layout stid on setlease failure
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfsd: release layout stid on setlease failure nfs4_alloc_stid() publishes the new stid into cl->cl_stateids via idr_alloc_cyclic() under cl_lock before returning to nfsd4_alloc_layout_stateid(). When nfsd4_layout_setlease() then fails, the error path frees the layout stateid directly with kmem_cache_free() without ever calling idr_remove(), leaving the IDR slot pointing at freed slab memory. Any subsequent IDR walker (states_show, client teardown) dereferences the dangling pointer. The correct teardown for an IDR-published stid is nfs4_put_stid(), which removes the IDR slot under cl_lock, dispatches sc_free (nfsd4_free_layout_stateid) to release ls->ls_file via nfsd4_close_layout(), and drops the nfs4_file reference in its tail. A second issue blocks that switch: nfsd4_free_layout_stateid() unconditionally inspects ls->ls_fence_work via delayed_work_pending() under ls_lock, but INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&ls->ls_fence_work, ...) currently runs only after the setlease call. On the setlease-failure path the destructor would touch an uninitialized delayed_work. nfsd4_alloc_layout_stateid() nfs4_alloc_stid() /* idr_alloc_cyclic under cl_lock */ nfsd4_layout_setlease() /* fails */ nfs4_put_stid() nfsd4_free_layout_stateid() delayed_work_pending(&ls->ls_fence_work) /* needs INIT */ nfsd4_close_layout() /* nfsd_file_put(ls->ls_file) */ put_nfs4_file() Fix by hoisting the ls_fenced / ls_fence_delay / INIT_DELAYED_WORK initialization above the nfsd4_layout_setlease() call, and replace the manual nfsd_file_put + put_nfs4_file + kmem_cache_free cleanup with a single nfs4_put_stid(stp).
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d , < d788ef40a7517d22c97ab01700e4ae4c611b6f2f (git)
Affected: c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d , < 2e0a5d6d62600b8c614d1b55e50ef94035d6adf9 (git)
Affected: c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d , < 7bbb7ce74051c8be4b69ff44ce3db370600dae61 (git)
Affected: c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d , < 48a586e382e4db1dbf958d44b63e081df5f8ed04 (git)
Affected: c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d , < d369e5edfaaf83a448016e2f1da392b2174be801 (git)
Affected: c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d , < 8dee7c278f1c2b5bb80e17a6281c3812fc8b0cdd (git)
Affected: c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d , < 83c2b7797742339bb768f83935f7ca33950db138 (git)
Affected: c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d , < 30d55c8aabb261bc3f427d6b9aae7ef6206063f9 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.0
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.261 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.212 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.178 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.145 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.96 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.39 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.3 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnfsd: release layout stid on setlease failure\n\nnfs4_alloc_stid() publishes the new stid into cl-\u003ecl_stateids via\nidr_alloc_cyclic() under cl_lock before returning to\nnfsd4_alloc_layout_stateid(). When nfsd4_layout_setlease() then\nfails, the error path frees the layout stateid directly with\nkmem_cache_free() without ever calling idr_remove(), leaving the\nIDR slot pointing at freed slab memory. Any subsequent IDR walker\n(states_show, client teardown) dereferences the dangling pointer.\n\nThe correct teardown for an IDR-published stid is nfs4_put_stid(),\nwhich removes the IDR slot under cl_lock, dispatches sc_free\n(nfsd4_free_layout_stateid) to release ls-\u003els_file via\nnfsd4_close_layout(), and drops the nfs4_file reference in its\ntail.\n\nA second issue blocks that switch: nfsd4_free_layout_stateid()\nunconditionally inspects ls-\u003els_fence_work via\ndelayed_work_pending() under ls_lock, but\nINIT_DELAYED_WORK(\u0026ls-\u003els_fence_work, ...) currently runs only\nafter the setlease call. On the setlease-failure path the\ndestructor would touch an uninitialized delayed_work.\n\n    nfsd4_alloc_layout_stateid()\n      nfs4_alloc_stid()           /* idr_alloc_cyclic under cl_lock */\n      nfsd4_layout_setlease()     /* fails */\n        nfs4_put_stid()\n          nfsd4_free_layout_stateid()\n            delayed_work_pending(\u0026ls-\u003els_fence_work)  /* needs INIT */\n            nfsd4_close_layout()  /* nfsd_file_put(ls-\u003els_file) */\n          put_nfs4_file()\n\nFix by hoisting the ls_fenced / ls_fence_delay / INIT_DELAYED_WORK\ninitialization above the nfsd4_layout_setlease() call, and replace\nthe manual nfsd_file_put + put_nfs4_file + kmem_cache_free cleanup\nwith a single nfs4_put_stid(stp)."
        }
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      "metrics": [
        {
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            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
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            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - The bug is reached through nfsd\u0027s NFSv4 OP_LAYOUTGET handler, which processes attacker-controlled RPC compounds over the network on TCP port 2049.\nAC:L - An authenticated NFS client can reliably trigger the fault by issuing LAYOUTGET on block/SCSI pNFS exports so that nfsd4_layout_setlease() fails (e.g., -ENOMEM or -EINVAL), and can retry, spray the slab, and race concurrent compounds to exploit the dangling IDR entry.\nPR:N - Exploitation requires only the ability to act as a remote NFSv4 client against an export with pNFS enabled, not local shell access or elevated privileges on the Linux host.\nUI:N - No end-user or administrator action on the server is required; the vulnerability is triggered entirely through malicious NFS protocol traffic from a network client.\nS:U - Impact is confined to kernel memory corruption and nfsd state within the same kernel security boundary, not a cross-boundary escape such as VM or container breakout.\nC:H - The IDR retains a pointer to freed layout stateid slab memory, creating a use-after-free that can be leveraged for arbitrary kernel memory reads after heap reuse.\nI:H - UAF on the layout stateid object enables controlled slab reuse and corruption of adjacent kernel structures, supporting arbitrary write or control-flow hijack primitives.\nA:H - Dereferencing the dangling IDR pointer during state iteration or stateid lookup can cause kernel oops/panic, and UAF exploitation can crash or hang the server."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T04:50:51.453Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d788ef40a7517d22c97ab01700e4ae4c611b6f2f"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2e0a5d6d62600b8c614d1b55e50ef94035d6adf9"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/48a586e382e4db1dbf958d44b63e081df5f8ed04"
        },
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8dee7c278f1c2b5bb80e17a6281c3812fc8b0cdd"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/83c2b7797742339bb768f83935f7ca33950db138"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/30d55c8aabb261bc3f427d6b9aae7ef6206063f9"
        }
      ],
      "title": "nfsd: release layout stid on setlease failure",
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    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-53399",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-19T12:02:00.055Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-09T07:44:35.402Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T04:50:51.453Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-53399",
      "date": "2026-09-06",
      "epss": "0.00543",
      "percentile": "0.43641"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-13T00:17:05.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-53399",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-53399",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-20T01:03:47.000Z",
      "product_status:fixed": "1",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "nfsd: release layout stid on setlease failure",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-53399.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-53399\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-07-19T12:16:51.063\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-08-17T05:17:14.647\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nnfsd: release layout stid on setlease failure\\n\\nnfs4_alloc_stid() publishes the new stid into cl-\u003ecl_stateids via\\nidr_alloc_cyclic() under cl_lock before returning to\\nnfsd4_alloc_layout_stateid(). When nfsd4_layout_setlease() then\\nfails, the error path frees the layout stateid directly with\\nkmem_cache_free() without ever calling idr_remove(), leaving the\\nIDR slot pointing at freed slab memory. Any subsequent IDR walker\\n(states_show, client teardown) dereferences the dangling pointer.\\n\\nThe correct teardown for an IDR-published stid is nfs4_put_stid(),\\nwhich removes the IDR slot under cl_lock, dispatches sc_free\\n(nfsd4_free_layout_stateid) to release ls-\u003els_file via\\nnfsd4_close_layout(), and drops the nfs4_file reference in its\\ntail.\\n\\nA second issue blocks that switch: nfsd4_free_layout_stateid()\\nunconditionally inspects ls-\u003els_fence_work via\\ndelayed_work_pending() under ls_lock, but\\nINIT_DELAYED_WORK(\u0026ls-\u003els_fence_work, ...) currently runs only\\nafter the setlease call. On the setlease-failure path the\\ndestructor would touch an uninitialized delayed_work.\\n\\n    nfsd4_alloc_layout_stateid()\\n      nfs4_alloc_stid()           /* idr_alloc_cyclic under cl_lock */\\n      nfsd4_layout_setlease()     /* fails */\\n        nfs4_put_stid()\\n          nfsd4_free_layout_stateid()\\n            delayed_work_pending(\u0026ls-\u003els_fence_work)  /* needs INIT */\\n            nfsd4_close_layout()  /* nfsd_file_put(ls-\u003els_file) */\\n          put_nfs4_file()\\n\\nFix by hoisting the ls_fenced / ls_fence_delay / INIT_DELAYED_WORK\\ninitialization above the nfsd4_layout_setlease() call, and replace\\nthe manual nfsd_file_put + put_nfs4_file + kmem_cache_free cleanup\\nwith a single nfs4_put_stid(stp).\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"fs/nfsd/nfs4layouts.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d\",\"lessThan\":\"d788ef40a7517d22c97ab01700e4ae4c611b6f2f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d\",\"lessThan\":\"2e0a5d6d62600b8c614d1b55e50ef94035d6adf9\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d\",\"lessThan\":\"7bbb7ce74051c8be4b69ff44ce3db370600dae61\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d\",\"lessThan\":\"48a586e382e4db1dbf958d44b63e081df5f8ed04\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d\",\"lessThan\":\"d369e5edfaaf83a448016e2f1da392b2174be801\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d\",\"lessThan\":\"8dee7c278f1c2b5bb80e17a6281c3812fc8b0cdd\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d\",\"lessThan\":\"83c2b7797742339bb768f83935f7ca33950db138\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"c5c707f96fc9a6e5a57ca5baac892673270abe3d\",\"lessThan\":\"30d55c8aabb261bc3f427d6b9aae7ef6206063f9\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"fs/nfsd/nfs4layouts.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.0\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"4.0\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.261\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.212\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.178\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.145\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.96\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.39\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1.3\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-476\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.10.261\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"BA4765C4-66A3-4552-91A6-D45CE0E7FD5C\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.11\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.15.212\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"8E99FB01-CD93-41AF-A653-3F450652B9A6\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.16\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.1.178\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"092233C7-F4E0-40C8-BD4D-A28FE50DFE20\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.2\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.6.145\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"7046B092-F810-4440-ACE6-60218518EECE\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.7\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.96\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"38A8100E-2B1A-462F-AEE9-8901B870FEF2\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.18.39\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"914AE4BC-3D59-4C5A-9DB5-9CE327B429F7\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.19\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"7.1.3\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"9526B150-E2B3-4C6F-8AE5-1AF92B75AD9E\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2e0a5d6d62600b8c614d1b55e50ef94035d6adf9\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/30d55c8aabb261bc3f427d6b9aae7ef6206063f9\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/48a586e382e4db1dbf958d44b63e081df5f8ed04\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7bbb7ce74051c8be4b69ff44ce3db370600dae61\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/83c2b7797742339bb768f83935f7ca33950db138\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8dee7c278f1c2b5bb80e17a6281c3812fc8b0cdd\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d369e5edfaaf83a448016e2f1da392b2174be801\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d788ef40a7517d22c97ab01700e4ae4c611b6f2f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-04T07:52:51+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-53399",
      "id": "CVE-2026-53399",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-19T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "762",
      "product_status:known_affected": "50",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "15",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: nfsd: release layout stid on setlease failure",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-53399.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.