CVE-2026-46304 (GCVE-0-2026-46304)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-08 15:46 – Updated: 2026-10-19 19:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
nvmet: avoid recursive nvmet-wq flush in nvmet_ctrl_free
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
nvmet: avoid recursive nvmet-wq flush in nvmet_ctrl_free
nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work() runs on nvmet-wq and can drop the
final controller reference through nvmet_cq_put(). If that triggers
nvmet_ctrl_free(), the teardown path flushes ctrl->async_event_work on
the same nvmet-wq.
Call chain:
nvmet_tcp_schedule_release_queue()
kref_put(&queue->kref, nvmet_tcp_release_queue)
nvmet_tcp_release_queue()
queue_work(nvmet_wq, &queue->release_work) <--- nvmet_wq
process_one_work()
nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work()
nvmet_cq_put(&queue->nvme_cq)
nvmet_cq_destroy()
nvmet_ctrl_put(cq->ctrl)
nvmet_ctrl_free()
flush_work(&ctrl->async_event_work) <--- nvmet_wq
Previously Scheduled by :-
nvmet_add_async_event
queue_work(nvmet_wq, &ctrl->async_event_work);
This trips lockdep with a possible recursive locking warning.
[ 5223.015876] run blktests nvme/003 at 2026-04-07 20:53:55
[ 5223.061801] loop0: detected capacity change from 0 to 2097152
[ 5223.072206] nvmet: adding nsid 1 to subsystem blktests-subsystem-1
[ 5223.088368] nvmet_tcp: enabling port 0 (127.0.0.1:4420)
[ 5223.126086] nvmet: Created discovery controller 1 for subsystem nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery for NQN nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress:uuid:0f01fb42-9f7f-4856-b0b3-51e60b8de349.
[ 5223.128453] nvme nvme1: new ctrl: NQN "nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery", addr 127.0.0.1:4420, hostnqn: nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress:uuid:0f01fb42-9f7f-4856-b0b3-51e60b8de349
[ 5233.199447] nvme nvme1: Removing ctrl: NQN "nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery"
[ 5233.227718] ============================================
[ 5233.231283] WARNING: possible recursive locking detected
[ 5233.234696] 7.0.0-rc3nvme+ #20 Tainted: G O N
[ 5233.238434] --------------------------------------------
[ 5233.241852] kworker/u192:6/2413 is trying to acquire lock:
[ 5233.245429] ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90
[ 5233.251438]
but task is already holding lock:
[ 5233.255254] ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x5cc/0x6e0
[ 5233.261125]
other info that might help us debug this:
[ 5233.265333] Possible unsafe locking scenario:
[ 5233.269217] CPU0
[ 5233.270795] ----
[ 5233.272436] lock((wq_completion)nvmet-wq);
[ 5233.275241] lock((wq_completion)nvmet-wq);
[ 5233.278020]
*** DEADLOCK ***
[ 5233.281793] May be due to missing lock nesting notation
[ 5233.286195] 3 locks held by kworker/u192:6/2413:
[ 5233.289192] #0: ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x5cc/0x6e0
[ 5233.294569] #1: ffffc9000e2a7e40 ((work_completion)(&queue->release_work)){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x1c5/0x6e0
[ 5233.300128] #2: ffffffff82d7dc40 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: __flush_work+0x62/0x530
[ 5233.304290]
stack backtrace:
[ 5233.306520] CPU: 4 UID: 0 PID: 2413 Comm: kworker/u192:6 Tainted: G O N 7.0.0-rc3nvme+ #20 PREEMPT(full)
[ 5233.306524] Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE, [N]=TEST
[ 5233.306525] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.17.0-0-gb52ca86e094d-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
[ 5233.306527] Workqueue: nvmet-wq nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work [nvmet_tcp]
[ 5233.306532] Call Trace:
[ 5233.306534] <TASK>
[ 5233.306536] dump_stack_lvl+0x73/0xb0
[ 5233.306552] print_deadlock_bug+0x225/0x2f0
[ 5233.306556] __lock_acquire+0x13f0/0x2290
[ 5233.306563] lock_acquire+0xd0/0x300
[ 5233.306565] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90
[ 5233.306571] ? __flush_work+0x20b/0x530
[ 5233.306573] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90
[ 5233.306577] touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x3b/0x90
[ 5233.306580] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90
[ 52
---truncated---
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 15:21 UTC
CWE
- CWE-667 - Improper Locking
Assigner
References
9 references
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
06406d81a2d7cfb8abcc4fa6cdfeb8e5897007c5 , < ae5b0cad163833e10b271e9becc05d81dae56e5f
(git)
Affected: 06406d81a2d7cfb8abcc4fa6cdfeb8e5897007c5 , < 8d66ba89480ff098a58d79003a505f383aa4e920 (git) Affected: 06406d81a2d7cfb8abcc4fa6cdfeb8e5897007c5 , < a696fbbd5240b4ac9b166f7bd4c550882ff543f1 (git) Affected: 06406d81a2d7cfb8abcc4fa6cdfeb8e5897007c5 , < 9a4d7222c0955b221e38bb66d10e6bccb672c8a1 (git) Affected: 06406d81a2d7cfb8abcc4fa6cdfeb8e5897007c5 , < ee6e20c4bc9eae542a0954a368449532383169d4 (git) Affected: 06406d81a2d7cfb8abcc4fa6cdfeb8e5897007c5 , < 781f47d641432c26c19625b2cdd7f40825097592 (git) Affected: 06406d81a2d7cfb8abcc4fa6cdfeb8e5897007c5 , < 551f445a56a11a6457550cddcf39c9ebb8bcacc6 (git) Affected: 06406d81a2d7cfb8abcc4fa6cdfeb8e5897007c5 , < aade8abd8b868b6ffa9697aadaea28ec7f65bee6 (git) Affected: 3976dd677e891c0b2c63d08028d445663539472c (git) Affected: 4.9.68 , < 4.10 (semver) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
4.10
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.10 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.258 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.209 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.175 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.140 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.88 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.30 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.0.7 , ≤ 7.0.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem |
Affected:
0 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed |
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"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnvmet: avoid recursive nvmet-wq flush in nvmet_ctrl_free\n\nnvmet_tcp_release_queue_work() runs on nvmet-wq and can drop the\nfinal controller reference through nvmet_cq_put(). If that triggers\nnvmet_ctrl_free(), the teardown path flushes ctrl-\u003easync_event_work on\nthe same nvmet-wq.\n\nCall chain:\n\n nvmet_tcp_schedule_release_queue()\n kref_put(\u0026queue-\u003ekref, nvmet_tcp_release_queue)\n nvmet_tcp_release_queue()\n queue_work(nvmet_wq, \u0026queue-\u003erelease_work) \u003c--- nvmet_wq\n process_one_work()\n nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work()\n nvmet_cq_put(\u0026queue-\u003envme_cq)\n nvmet_cq_destroy()\n nvmet_ctrl_put(cq-\u003ectrl)\n nvmet_ctrl_free()\n flush_work(\u0026ctrl-\u003easync_event_work) \u003c--- nvmet_wq\n\n Previously Scheduled by :-\n\t\t nvmet_add_async_event\n\t\t queue_work(nvmet_wq, \u0026ctrl-\u003easync_event_work);\n\nThis trips lockdep with a possible recursive locking warning.\n\n[ 5223.015876] run blktests nvme/003 at 2026-04-07 20:53:55\n[ 5223.061801] loop0: detected capacity change from 0 to 2097152\n[ 5223.072206] nvmet: adding nsid 1 to subsystem blktests-subsystem-1\n[ 5223.088368] nvmet_tcp: enabling port 0 (127.0.0.1:4420)\n[ 5223.126086] nvmet: Created discovery controller 1 for subsystem nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery for NQN nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress:uuid:0f01fb42-9f7f-4856-b0b3-51e60b8de349.\n[ 5223.128453] nvme nvme1: new ctrl: NQN \"nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery\", addr 127.0.0.1:4420, hostnqn: nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress:uuid:0f01fb42-9f7f-4856-b0b3-51e60b8de349\n[ 5233.199447] nvme nvme1: Removing ctrl: NQN \"nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery\"\n\n[ 5233.227718] ============================================\n[ 5233.231283] WARNING: possible recursive locking detected\n[ 5233.234696] 7.0.0-rc3nvme+ #20 Tainted: G O N\n[ 5233.238434] --------------------------------------------\n[ 5233.241852] kworker/u192:6/2413 is trying to acquire lock:\n[ 5233.245429] ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90\n[ 5233.251438]\n but task is already holding lock:\n[ 5233.255254] ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x5cc/0x6e0\n[ 5233.261125]\n other info that might help us debug this:\n[ 5233.265333] Possible unsafe locking scenario:\n\n[ 5233.269217] CPU0\n[ 5233.270795] ----\n[ 5233.272436] lock((wq_completion)nvmet-wq);\n[ 5233.275241] lock((wq_completion)nvmet-wq);\n[ 5233.278020]\n *** DEADLOCK ***\n\n[ 5233.281793] May be due to missing lock nesting notation\n\n[ 5233.286195] 3 locks held by kworker/u192:6/2413:\n[ 5233.289192] #0: ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x5cc/0x6e0\n[ 5233.294569] #1: ffffc9000e2a7e40 ((work_completion)(\u0026queue-\u003erelease_work)){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x1c5/0x6e0\n[ 5233.300128] #2: ffffffff82d7dc40 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: __flush_work+0x62/0x530\n[ 5233.304290]\n stack backtrace:\n[ 5233.306520] CPU: 4 UID: 0 PID: 2413 Comm: kworker/u192:6 Tainted: G O N 7.0.0-rc3nvme+ #20 PREEMPT(full)\n[ 5233.306524] Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE, [N]=TEST\n[ 5233.306525] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.17.0-0-gb52ca86e094d-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014\n[ 5233.306527] Workqueue: nvmet-wq nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work [nvmet_tcp]\n[ 5233.306532] Call Trace:\n[ 5233.306534] \u003cTASK\u003e\n[ 5233.306536] dump_stack_lvl+0x73/0xb0\n[ 5233.306552] print_deadlock_bug+0x225/0x2f0\n[ 5233.306556] __lock_acquire+0x13f0/0x2290\n[ 5233.306563] lock_acquire+0xd0/0x300\n[ 5233.306565] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90\n[ 5233.306571] ? __flush_work+0x20b/0x530\n[ 5233.306573] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90\n[ 5233.306577] touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x3b/0x90\n[ 5233.306580] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90\n[ 52\n---truncated---"
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
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{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:N - The bug is reached through the NVMe-oF TCP target (nvmet-tcp) disconnect/teardown path; remote peers connect over TCP and closing that connection drives `nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work()` on `nvmet-wq`, which can call the vulnerable `flush_work()` in `nvmet_ctrl_free()`.\nAC:L - An attacker fully controls both sides of the race by connecting, issuing an Async Event Request (which queues `async_event_work` on `nvmet-wq`), and then disconnecting to force controller teardown on the same workqueue.\nPR:N - Exploitation requires only network reachability to an exposed nvmet-tcp port; the discovery subsystem accepts any host NQN without Linux credentials, and no CAP_SYS_ADMIN or other local privileges are needed on the target.\nUI:N - The deadlock is triggered entirely through automated NVMe-oF protocol interaction (connect, admin command, disconnect) with no action required from a local user or administrator.\nS:U - Impact is confined to the kernel NVMe target subsystem (workqueue worker hang and nvmet service disruption); it does not cross a VM, container, or IOMMU security boundary.\nC:N - This is a recursive workqueue flush deadlock, not memory corruption; there is no out-of-bounds access, use-after-free, or information disclosure primitive.\nI:N - The flaw causes a worker to block during teardown but does not modify arbitrary kernel or user data and provides no write or code-execution primitive.\nA:H - Calling `flush_work()` on `nvmet-wq` from `nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work()` running on the same workqueue can permanently hang an nvmet worker (lockdep reports \"DEADLOCK\"), denying NVMe target service and stalling further nvmet workqueue processing."
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{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnvmet: avoid recursive nvmet-wq flush in nvmet_ctrl_free\n\nnvmet_tcp_release_queue_work() runs on nvmet-wq and can drop the\nfinal controller reference through nvmet_cq_put(). If that triggers\nnvmet_ctrl_free(), the teardown path flushes ctrl-\u003easync_event_work on\nthe same nvmet-wq.\n\nCall chain:\n\n nvmet_tcp_schedule_release_queue()\n kref_put(\u0026queue-\u003ekref, nvmet_tcp_release_queue)\n nvmet_tcp_release_queue()\n queue_work(nvmet_wq, \u0026queue-\u003erelease_work) \u003c--- nvmet_wq\n process_one_work()\n nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work()\n nvmet_cq_put(\u0026queue-\u003envme_cq)\n nvmet_cq_destroy()\n nvmet_ctrl_put(cq-\u003ectrl)\n nvmet_ctrl_free()\n flush_work(\u0026ctrl-\u003easync_event_work) \u003c--- nvmet_wq\n\n Previously Scheduled by :-\n\t\t nvmet_add_async_event\n\t\t queue_work(nvmet_wq, \u0026ctrl-\u003easync_event_work);\n\nThis trips lockdep with a possible recursive locking warning.\n\n[ 5223.015876] run blktests nvme/003 at 2026-04-07 20:53:55\n[ 5223.061801] loop0: detected capacity change from 0 to 2097152\n[ 5223.072206] nvmet: adding nsid 1 to subsystem blktests-subsystem-1\n[ 5223.088368] nvmet_tcp: enabling port 0 (127.0.0.1:4420)\n[ 5223.126086] nvmet: Created discovery controller 1 for subsystem nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery for NQN nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress:uuid:0f01fb42-9f7f-4856-b0b3-51e60b8de349.\n[ 5223.128453] nvme nvme1: new ctrl: NQN \"nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery\", addr 127.0.0.1:4420, hostnqn: nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress:uuid:0f01fb42-9f7f-4856-b0b3-51e60b8de349\n[ 5233.199447] nvme nvme1: Removing ctrl: NQN \"nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery\"\n\n[ 5233.227718] ============================================\n[ 5233.231283] WARNING: possible recursive locking detected\n[ 5233.234696] 7.0.0-rc3nvme+ #20 Tainted: G O N\n[ 5233.238434] --------------------------------------------\n[ 5233.241852] kworker/u192:6/2413 is trying to acquire lock:\n[ 5233.245429] ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90\n[ 5233.251438]\n but task is already holding lock:\n[ 5233.255254] ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x5cc/0x6e0\n[ 5233.261125]\n other info that might help us debug this:\n[ 5233.265333] Possible unsafe locking scenario:\n\n[ 5233.269217] CPU0\n[ 5233.270795] ----\n[ 5233.272436] lock((wq_completion)nvmet-wq);\n[ 5233.275241] lock((wq_completion)nvmet-wq);\n[ 5233.278020]\n *** DEADLOCK ***\n\n[ 5233.281793] May be due to missing lock nesting notation\n\n[ 5233.286195] 3 locks held by kworker/u192:6/2413:\n[ 5233.289192] #0: ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x5cc/0x6e0\n[ 5233.294569] #1: ffffc9000e2a7e40 ((work_completion)(\u0026queue-\u003erelease_work)){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x1c5/0x6e0\n[ 5233.300128] #2: ffffffff82d7dc40 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: __flush_work+0x62/0x530\n[ 5233.304290]\n stack backtrace:\n[ 5233.306520] CPU: 4 UID: 0 PID: 2413 Comm: kworker/u192:6 Tainted: G O N 7.0.0-rc3nvme+ #20 PREEMPT(full)\n[ 5233.306524] Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE, [N]=TEST\n[ 5233.306525] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.17.0-0-gb52ca86e094d-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014\n[ 5233.306527] Workqueue: nvmet-wq nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work [nvmet_tcp]\n[ 5233.306532] Call Trace:\n[ 5233.306534] \u003cTASK\u003e\n[ 5233.306536] dump_stack_lvl+0x73/0xb0\n[ 5233.306552] print_deadlock_bug+0x225/0x2f0\n[ 5233.306556] __lock_acquire+0x13f0/0x2290\n[ 5233.306563] lock_acquire+0xd0/0x300\n[ 5233.306565] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90\n[ 5233.306571] ? __flush_work+0x20b/0x530\n[ 5233.306573] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90\n[ 5233.306577] touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x3b/0x90\n[ 5233.306580] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90\n[ 52\n---truncated---"
}
],
"id": "CVE-2026-46304",
"lastModified": "2026-10-19T20:18:41.483",
"metrics": {
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{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
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},
{
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{
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}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-16T15:21:45.093700Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
}
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},
"published": "2026-06-08T17:16:49.053",
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"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html"
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"current_release_date": "2026-11-05T21:11:18+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2026-46304",
"id": "CVE-2026-46304",
"initial_release_date": "2026-06-08T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_affected": "186",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "14",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: nvmet: avoid recursive nvmet-wq flush in nvmet_ctrl_free",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-46304.json",
"version": "3"
}
}
}
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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
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They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
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Related by attack behaviour
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