CVE-2026-25556 (GCVE-0-2026-25556)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-06 16:11 – Updated: 2026-07-14 15:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MuPDF 1.23.0 through 1.27.0 Barcode Decoding Double Free
Summary
MuPDF versions 1.23.0 through 1.27.0 contain a double-free vulnerability in fz_fill_pixmap_from_display_list() when an exception occurs during display list rendering. The function accepts a caller-owned fz_pixmap pointer but incorrectly drops the pixmap in its error handling path before rethrowing the exception. Callers (including the barcode decoding path in fz_decode_barcode_from_display_list) also drop the same pixmap in cleanup, resulting in a double-free that can corrupt the heap and crash the process. This issue affects applications that enable and use MuPDF barcode decoding and can be triggered by processing crafted input that causes a rendering-time error while decoding barcodes.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-06 16:34 UTC
CWE
- CWE-415 - Double Free
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://bugs.ghostscript.com/show_bug.cgi?id=709029 | issue-tracking |
| https://cgit.ghostscript.com/cgi-bin/cgit.cgi/mup… | patch |
| https://mupdf.com/ | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/mupdf-barcod… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Artifex Software | MuPDF |
Affected:
1.23.0 , ≤ 1.27.0
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:artifex:mupdf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-25556",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-02-06T16:34:46.909949Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-06T16:35:11.989Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"packageURL": "pkg:github/ArtifexSoftware/mupdf",
"product": "MuPDF",
"repo": "https://github.com/ArtifexSoftware/mupdf",
"vendor": "Artifex Software",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "1.27.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.23.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:artifex:mupdf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndIncluding": "1.27.0",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.23.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Pavel Kohout, Aisle Research (www.aisle.com)"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "MuPDF versions 1.23.0 through 1.27.0 contain a double-free vulnerability in fz_fill_pixmap_from_display_list() when an exception occurs during display list rendering. The function accepts a caller-owned fz_pixmap pointer but incorrectly drops the pixmap in its error handling path before rethrowing the exception. Callers (including the barcode decoding path in fz_decode_barcode_from_display_list) also drop the same pixmap in cleanup, resulting in a double-free that can corrupt the heap and crash the process. This issue affects applications that enable and use MuPDF barcode decoding and can be triggered by processing crafted input that causes a rendering-time error while decoding barcodes."
}
],
"value": "MuPDF versions 1.23.0 through 1.27.0 contain a double-free vulnerability in fz_fill_pixmap_from_display_list() when an exception occurs during display list rendering. The function accepts a caller-owned fz_pixmap pointer but incorrectly drops the pixmap in its error handling path before rethrowing the exception. Callers (including the barcode decoding path in fz_decode_barcode_from_display_list) also drop the same pixmap in cleanup, resulting in a double-free that can corrupt the heap and crash the process. This issue affects applications that enable and use MuPDF barcode decoding and can be triggered by processing crafted input that causes a rendering-time error while decoding barcodes."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 5.9,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "ACTIVE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-415",
"description": "CWE-415 Double Free",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-14T15:53:42.544Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"issue-tracking"
],
"url": "https://bugs.ghostscript.com/show_bug.cgi?id=709029"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://cgit.ghostscript.com/cgi-bin/cgit.cgi/mupdf.git/commit/?id=d4743b6092d513321c23c6f7fe5cff87cde043c1"
},
{
"tags": [
"product"
],
"url": "https://mupdf.com/"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/mupdf-barcode-decoding-double-free"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "MuPDF 1.23.0 through 1.27.0 Barcode Decoding Double Free",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-25556",
"datePublished": "2026-02-06T16:11:59.926Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-02-02T20:12:33.395Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-14T15:53:42.544Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2026-25556",
"date": "2026-11-09",
"epss": "0.00534",
"percentile": "0.45364"
},
"nvd": {
"cve": {
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"packageURL": "pkg:github/ArtifexSoftware/mupdf",
"product": "MuPDF",
"repo": "https://github.com/ArtifexSoftware/mupdf",
"vendor": "Artifex Software",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "1.27.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.23.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
}
],
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:artifex:mupdf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "4289D7B7-1717-4A65-9331-E62FC00B68DE",
"versionEndIncluding": "1.27.0",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.23.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "MuPDF versions 1.23.0 through 1.27.0 contain a double-free vulnerability in fz_fill_pixmap_from_display_list() when an exception occurs during display list rendering. The function accepts a caller-owned fz_pixmap pointer but incorrectly drops the pixmap in its error handling path before rethrowing the exception. Callers (including the barcode decoding path in fz_decode_barcode_from_display_list) also drop the same pixmap in cleanup, resulting in a double-free that can corrupt the heap and crash the process. This issue affects applications that enable and use MuPDF barcode decoding and can be triggered by processing crafted input that causes a rendering-time error while decoding barcodes."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "Las versiones de MuPDF 1.23.0 a 1.27.0 contienen una vulnerabilidad de doble liberaci\u00f3n en fz_fill_pixmap_from_display_list() cuando ocurre una excepci\u00f3n durante la renderizaci\u00f3n de la lista de visualizaci\u00f3n. La funci\u00f3n acepta un puntero fz_pixmap propiedad del llamador, pero libera incorrectamente el pixmap en su ruta de manejo de errores antes de relanzar la excepci\u00f3n. Los llamadores (incluida la ruta de decodificaci\u00f3n de c\u00f3digos de barras en fz_decode_barcode_from_display_list) tambi\u00e9n liberan el mismo pixmap en la limpieza, lo que resulta en una doble liberaci\u00f3n que puede corromper el heap y bloquear el proceso. Este problema afecta a las aplicaciones que habilitan y utilizan la decodificaci\u00f3n de c\u00f3digos de barras de MuPDF y puede ser activado al procesar una entrada manipulada que causa un error en tiempo de renderizaci\u00f3n mientras se decodifican c\u00f3digos de barras."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2026-25556",
"lastModified": "2026-07-14T16:16:53.830",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
"impactScore": 3.6,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
],
"cvssMetricV40": [
{
"cvssData": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"baseScore": 5.9,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "ACTIVE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"type": "Secondary"
}
],
"ssvcV203": [
{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"ssvcData": {
"id": "CVE-2026-25556",
"options": [
{
"exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"automatable": "no"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-02-06T16:34:46.909949Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
}
}
]
},
"published": "2026-02-06T17:16:27.387",
"references": [
{
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"tags": [
"Exploit",
"Issue Tracking"
],
"url": "https://bugs.ghostscript.com/show_bug.cgi?id=709029"
},
{
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"url": "https://cgit.ghostscript.com/cgi-bin/cgit.cgi/mupdf.git/commit/?id=d4743b6092d513321c23c6f7fe5cff87cde043c1"
},
{
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"tags": [
"Product"
],
"url": "https://mupdf.com/"
},
{
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/mupdf-barcode-decoding-double-free"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-415"
}
],
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2026-06-28T06:26:32+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2026-25556",
"id": "CVE-2026-25556",
"initial_release_date": "2026-02-06T16:11:59.926000+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "MuPDF: MuPDF: Denial of Service via crafted input during barcode decoding",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-25556.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-25556",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-02-06T16:34:46.909949Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-06T16:35:03.314Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "MuPDF",
"repo": "https://github.com/ArtifexSoftware/mupdf",
"vendor": "Artifex Software",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "1.27.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.23.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:artifex:mupdf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndIncluding": "1.27.0",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.23.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Pavel Kohout, Aisle Research (www.aisle.com)"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "MuPDF versions 1.23.0 through 1.27.0 contain a double-free vulnerability in fz_fill_pixmap_from_display_list() when an exception occurs during display list rendering. The function accepts a caller-owned fz_pixmap pointer but incorrectly drops the pixmap in its error handling path before rethrowing the exception. Callers (including the barcode decoding path in fz_decode_barcode_from_display_list) also drop the same pixmap in cleanup, resulting in a double-free that can corrupt the heap and crash the process. This issue affects applications that enable and use MuPDF barcode decoding and can be triggered by processing crafted input that causes a rendering-time error while decoding barcodes."
}
],
"value": "MuPDF versions 1.23.0 through 1.27.0 contain a double-free vulnerability in fz_fill_pixmap_from_display_list() when an exception occurs during display list rendering. The function accepts a caller-owned fz_pixmap pointer but incorrectly drops the pixmap in its error handling path before rethrowing the exception. Callers (including the barcode decoding path in fz_decode_barcode_from_display_list) also drop the same pixmap in cleanup, resulting in a double-free that can corrupt the heap and crash the process. This issue affects applications that enable and use MuPDF barcode decoding and can be triggered by processing crafted input that causes a rendering-time error while decoding barcodes."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 5.9,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "ACTIVE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-415",
"description": "CWE-415 Double Free",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-25T23:41:43.536Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"issue-tracking"
],
"url": "https://bugs.ghostscript.com/show_bug.cgi?id=709029"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://cgit.ghostscript.com/cgi-bin/cgit.cgi/mupdf.git/commit/?id=d4743b6092d513321c23c6f7fe5cff87cde043c1"
},
{
"tags": [
"product"
],
"url": "https://mupdf.com/"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/mupdf-barcode-decoding-double-free"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "MuPDF 1.23.0 through 1.27.0 Barcode Decoding Double Free",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-25556",
"datePublished": "2026-02-06T16:11:59.926Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-02-02T20:12:33.395Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-25T23:41:43.536Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
How durations are calculated
Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.
Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.
Loading timeline…
Loading…
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.