CVE-2026-23175 (GCVE-0-2026-23175)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-14 16:27 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:20
VLAI
Title
net: cpsw: Execute ndo_set_rx_mode callback in a work queue
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: cpsw: Execute ndo_set_rx_mode callback in a work queue Commit 1767bb2d47b7 ("ipv6: mcast: Don't hold RTNL for IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP and MCAST_JOIN_GROUP.") removed the RTNL lock for IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP and MCAST_JOIN_GROUP operations. However, this change triggered the following call trace on my BeagleBone Black board: WARNING: net/8021q/vlan_core.c:236 at vlan_for_each+0x120/0x124, CPU#0: rpcbind/481 RTNL: assertion failed at net/8021q/vlan_core.c (236) Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 997 PID: 481 Comm: rpcbind Not tainted 6.19.0-rc7-next-20260130-yocto-standard+ #35 PREEMPT Hardware name: Generic AM33XX (Flattened Device Tree) Call trace: unwind_backtrace from show_stack+0x28/0x2c show_stack from dump_stack_lvl+0x30/0x38 dump_stack_lvl from __warn+0xb8/0x11c __warn from warn_slowpath_fmt+0x130/0x194 warn_slowpath_fmt from vlan_for_each+0x120/0x124 vlan_for_each from cpsw_add_mc_addr+0x54/0x98 cpsw_add_mc_addr from __hw_addr_ref_sync_dev+0xc4/0xec __hw_addr_ref_sync_dev from __dev_mc_add+0x78/0x88 __dev_mc_add from igmp6_group_added+0x84/0xec igmp6_group_added from __ipv6_dev_mc_inc+0x1fc/0x2f0 __ipv6_dev_mc_inc from __ipv6_sock_mc_join+0x124/0x1b4 __ipv6_sock_mc_join from do_ipv6_setsockopt+0x84c/0x1168 do_ipv6_setsockopt from ipv6_setsockopt+0x88/0xc8 ipv6_setsockopt from do_sock_setsockopt+0xe8/0x19c do_sock_setsockopt from __sys_setsockopt+0x84/0xac __sys_setsockopt from ret_fast_syscall+0x0/0x54 This trace occurs because vlan_for_each() is called within cpsw_ndo_set_rx_mode(), which expects the RTNL lock to be held. Since modifying vlan_for_each() to operate without the RTNL lock is not straightforward, and because ndo_set_rx_mode() is invoked both with and without the RTNL lock across different code paths, simply adding rtnl_lock() in cpsw_ndo_set_rx_mode() is not a viable solution. To resolve this issue, we opt to execute the actual processing within a work queue, following the approach used by the icssg-prueth driver. Please note: To reproduce this issue, I manually reverted the changes to am335x-bone-common.dtsi from commit c477358e66a3 ("ARM: dts: am335x-bone: switch to new cpsw switch drv") in order to revert to the legacy cpsw driver.
Severity
7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 1767bb2d47b715a106287a8f963d9ec6cbab4e69 , < 488009aa62bb1217ea0624fd5108b79adef4e148 (git)
Affected: 1767bb2d47b715a106287a8f963d9ec6cbab4e69 , < 0b8c878d117319f2be34c8391a77e0f4d5c94d79 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 6.17
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.17 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.10 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.19 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/net/ethernet/ti/cpsw.c"
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          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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          "vendor": "Linux",
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              "status": "unaffected",
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              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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      "cpeApplicability": [
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                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.10",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
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              "operator": "OR"
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      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: cpsw: Execute ndo_set_rx_mode callback in a work queue\n\nCommit 1767bb2d47b7 (\"ipv6: mcast: Don\u0027t hold RTNL for\nIPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP and MCAST_JOIN_GROUP.\") removed the RTNL lock for\nIPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP and MCAST_JOIN_GROUP operations. However, this\nchange triggered the following call trace on my BeagleBone Black board:\n  WARNING: net/8021q/vlan_core.c:236 at vlan_for_each+0x120/0x124, CPU#0: rpcbind/481\n  RTNL: assertion failed at net/8021q/vlan_core.c (236)\n  Modules linked in:\n  CPU: 0 UID: 997 PID: 481 Comm: rpcbind Not tainted 6.19.0-rc7-next-20260130-yocto-standard+ #35 PREEMPT\n  Hardware name: Generic AM33XX (Flattened Device Tree)\n  Call trace:\n   unwind_backtrace from show_stack+0x28/0x2c\n   show_stack from dump_stack_lvl+0x30/0x38\n   dump_stack_lvl from __warn+0xb8/0x11c\n   __warn from warn_slowpath_fmt+0x130/0x194\n   warn_slowpath_fmt from vlan_for_each+0x120/0x124\n   vlan_for_each from cpsw_add_mc_addr+0x54/0x98\n   cpsw_add_mc_addr from __hw_addr_ref_sync_dev+0xc4/0xec\n   __hw_addr_ref_sync_dev from __dev_mc_add+0x78/0x88\n   __dev_mc_add from igmp6_group_added+0x84/0xec\n   igmp6_group_added from __ipv6_dev_mc_inc+0x1fc/0x2f0\n   __ipv6_dev_mc_inc from __ipv6_sock_mc_join+0x124/0x1b4\n   __ipv6_sock_mc_join from do_ipv6_setsockopt+0x84c/0x1168\n   do_ipv6_setsockopt from ipv6_setsockopt+0x88/0xc8\n   ipv6_setsockopt from do_sock_setsockopt+0xe8/0x19c\n   do_sock_setsockopt from __sys_setsockopt+0x84/0xac\n   __sys_setsockopt from ret_fast_syscall+0x0/0x54\n\nThis trace occurs because vlan_for_each() is called within\ncpsw_ndo_set_rx_mode(), which expects the RTNL lock to be held.\nSince modifying vlan_for_each() to operate without the RTNL lock is not\nstraightforward, and because ndo_set_rx_mode() is invoked both with and\nwithout the RTNL lock across different code paths, simply adding\nrtnl_lock() in cpsw_ndo_set_rx_mode() is not a viable solution.\n\nTo resolve this issue, we opt to execute the actual processing within\na work queue, following the approach used by the icssg-prueth driver.\n\nPlease note: To reproduce this issue, I manually reverted the changes to\nam335x-bone-common.dtsi from commit c477358e66a3 (\"ARM: dts: am335x-bone:\nswitch to new cpsw switch drv\") in order to revert to the legacy cpsw\ndriver."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is triggered via the setsockopt(IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP) syscall, requiring local access to the system with a CPSW Ethernet interface.\nAC:H - While the WARN_ONCE is deterministic, the actual exploitable UAF requires a race between the attacker\u0027s multicast join and concurrent VLAN modification (vlan_vid_del), which requires CAP_NET_ADMIN privileges the attacker does not control.\nPR:L - Any unprivileged local user can create an IPv6 socket and call setsockopt with IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP \u2014 no capability or privilege checks exist along the call path.\nUI:N - No user interaction is required; the attacker triggers the vulnerability entirely through their own socket operations.\nS:U - The vulnerability stays within the kernel security context; there is no crossing of a security boundary such as VM escape or IOMMU bypass.\nC:H - If the race condition is won, the use-after-free on the vlan_info structure allows reading freed/reallocated memory, potentially exposing arbitrary kernel memory contents.\nI:H - A use-after-free on the vlan_info structure enables heap spraying to control the freed object\u0027s contents, providing arbitrary write primitives for control flow hijacking.\nA:H - The use-after-free causes a kernel crash (oops/panic) when accessing freed memory, and even the WARN_ONCE alone causes a panic on systems with panic_on_warn enabled (common in embedded/industrial CPSW deployments)."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:20:28.160Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/488009aa62bb1217ea0624fd5108b79adef4e148"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0b8c878d117319f2be34c8391a77e0f4d5c94d79"
        }
      ],
      "title": "net: cpsw: Execute ndo_set_rx_mode callback in a work queue",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-23175",
    "datePublished": "2026-02-14T16:27:08.104Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-01-13T15:37:45.983Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:20:28.160Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-23175",
      "date": "2026-09-25",
      "epss": "0.00113",
      "percentile": "0.01279"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "drivers/net/ethernet/ti/cpsw.c"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThan": "488009aa62bb1217ea0624fd5108b79adef4e148",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "1767bb2d47b715a106287a8f963d9ec6cbab4e69",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "0b8c878d117319f2be34c8391a77e0f4d5c94d79",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "1767bb2d47b715a106287a8f963d9ec6cbab4e69",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "defaultStatus": "affected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "drivers/net/ethernet/ti/cpsw.c"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "6.17"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "6.17",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.18.10",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.19",
                    "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: cpsw: Execute ndo_set_rx_mode callback in a work queue\n\nCommit 1767bb2d47b7 (\"ipv6: mcast: Don\u0027t hold RTNL for\nIPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP and MCAST_JOIN_GROUP.\") removed the RTNL lock for\nIPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP and MCAST_JOIN_GROUP operations. However, this\nchange triggered the following call trace on my BeagleBone Black board:\n  WARNING: net/8021q/vlan_core.c:236 at vlan_for_each+0x120/0x124, CPU#0: rpcbind/481\n  RTNL: assertion failed at net/8021q/vlan_core.c (236)\n  Modules linked in:\n  CPU: 0 UID: 997 PID: 481 Comm: rpcbind Not tainted 6.19.0-rc7-next-20260130-yocto-standard+ #35 PREEMPT\n  Hardware name: Generic AM33XX (Flattened Device Tree)\n  Call trace:\n   unwind_backtrace from show_stack+0x28/0x2c\n   show_stack from dump_stack_lvl+0x30/0x38\n   dump_stack_lvl from __warn+0xb8/0x11c\n   __warn from warn_slowpath_fmt+0x130/0x194\n   warn_slowpath_fmt from vlan_for_each+0x120/0x124\n   vlan_for_each from cpsw_add_mc_addr+0x54/0x98\n   cpsw_add_mc_addr from __hw_addr_ref_sync_dev+0xc4/0xec\n   __hw_addr_ref_sync_dev from __dev_mc_add+0x78/0x88\n   __dev_mc_add from igmp6_group_added+0x84/0xec\n   igmp6_group_added from __ipv6_dev_mc_inc+0x1fc/0x2f0\n   __ipv6_dev_mc_inc from __ipv6_sock_mc_join+0x124/0x1b4\n   __ipv6_sock_mc_join from do_ipv6_setsockopt+0x84c/0x1168\n   do_ipv6_setsockopt from ipv6_setsockopt+0x88/0xc8\n   ipv6_setsockopt from do_sock_setsockopt+0xe8/0x19c\n   do_sock_setsockopt from __sys_setsockopt+0x84/0xac\n   __sys_setsockopt from ret_fast_syscall+0x0/0x54\n\nThis trace occurs because vlan_for_each() is called within\ncpsw_ndo_set_rx_mode(), which expects the RTNL lock to be held.\nSince modifying vlan_for_each() to operate without the RTNL lock is not\nstraightforward, and because ndo_set_rx_mode() is invoked both with and\nwithout the RTNL lock across different code paths, simply adding\nrtnl_lock() in cpsw_ndo_set_rx_mode() is not a viable solution.\n\nTo resolve this issue, we opt to execute the actual processing within\na work queue, following the approach used by the icssg-prueth driver.\n\nPlease note: To reproduce this issue, I manually reverted the changes to\nam335x-bone-common.dtsi from commit c477358e66a3 (\"ARM: dts: am335x-bone:\nswitch to new cpsw switch drv\") in order to revert to the legacy cpsw\ndriver."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nnet: cpsw: Ejecutar la devoluci\u00f3n de llamada ndo_set_rx_mode en una cola de trabajo\n\nEl commit 1767bb2d47b7 (\u0027ipv6: mcast: No retener RTNL para IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP y MCAST_JOIN_GROUP.\u0027) elimin\u00f3 el bloqueo RTNL para las operaciones IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP y MCAST_JOIN_GROUP. Sin embargo, este cambio desencaden\u00f3 el siguiente rastreo de llamadas en mi placa BeagleBone Black:\n  WARNING: net/8021q/vlan_core.c:236 en vlan_for_each+0x120/0x124, CPU#0: rpcbind/481\n  RTNL: aserci\u00f3n fallida en net/8021q/vlan_core.c (236)\n  M\u00f3dulos enlazados:\n  CPU: 0 UID: 997 PID: 481 Comm: rpcbind No contaminado 6.19.0-rc7-next-20260130-yocto-standard+ #35 PREEMPT\n  Nombre del hardware: Generic AM33XX (Flattened Device Tree)\n  Rastreo de llamadas:\n   unwind_backtrace desde show_stack+0x28/0x2c\n   show_stack desde dump_stack_lvl+0x30/0x38\n   dump_stack_lvl desde __warn+0xb8/0x11c\n   __warn desde warn_slowpath_fmt+0x130/0x194\n   warn_slowpath_fmt desde vlan_for_each+0x120/0x124\n   vlan_for_each desde cpsw_add_mc_addr+0x54/0x98\n   cpsw_add_mc_addr desde __hw_addr_ref_sync_dev+0xc4/0xec\n   __hw_addr_ref_sync_dev desde __dev_mc_add+0x78/0x88\n   __dev_mc_add desde igmp6_group_added+0x84/0xec\n   igmp6_group_added desde __ipv6_dev_mc_inc+0x1fc/0x2f0\n   __ipv6_dev_mc_inc desde __ipv6_sock_mc_join+0x124/0x1b4\n   __ipv6_sock_mc_join desde do_ipv6_setsockopt+0x84c/0x1168\n   do_ipv6_setsockopt desde ipv6_setsockopt+0x88/0xc8\n   ipv6_setsockopt desde do_sock_setsockopt+0xe8/0x19c\n   do_sock_setsockopt desde __sys_setsockopt+0x84/0xac\n   __sys_setsockopt desde ret_fast_syscall+0x0/0x54\n\nEste rastreo ocurre porque se llama a vlan_for_each() dentro de cpsw_ndo_set_rx_mode(), que espera que el bloqueo RTNL est\u00e9 retenido. Dado que modificar vlan_for_each() para operar sin el bloqueo RTNL no es sencillo, y debido a que ndo_set_rx_mode() se invoca tanto con como sin el bloqueo RTNL a trav\u00e9s de diferentes rutas de c\u00f3digo, simplemente a\u00f1adir rtnl_lock() en cpsw_ndo_set_rx_mode() no es una soluci\u00f3n viable.\n\nPara resolver este problema, optamos por ejecutar el procesamiento real dentro de una cola de trabajo, siguiendo el enfoque utilizado por el controlador icssg-prueth.\n\nTenga en cuenta: Para reproducir este problema, revert\u00ed manualmente los cambios en am335x-bone-common.dtsi del commit c477358e66a3 (\u0027ARM: dts: am335x-bone: cambiar a nuevo controlador de switch cpsw\u0027) para revertir al controlador cpsw heredado."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-23175",
        "lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:21:02.460",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.0,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.0,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-02-14T17:15:55.210",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0b8c878d117319f2be34c8391a77e0f4d5c94d79"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/488009aa62bb1217ea0624fd5108b79adef4e148"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Deferred"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-13T17:28:58+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-23175",
      "id": "CVE-2026-23175",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-02-14T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: Linux kernel: Denial of service due to missing lock in networking component",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-23175.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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