CVE-2026-107846 (GCVE-0-2026-107846)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-04 19:02 – Updated: 2026-11-04 19:02
VLAI
Title
bitcoinjs-lib: Undetected merkle node duplication in block root computation validates a forged transaction list
Summary
bitcoinjs-lib is a JavaScript Bitcoin library for Node.js and browsers. From 2.3.0 until 5.2.1, 6.1.8, and 7.0.2, fastMerkleRoot pads odd Merkle-tree levels by hashing the final node with itself but does not report adjacent duplicate hashes. The affected block-root verifier was introduced as Block.checkMerkleRoot() alongside Block.calculateMerkleRoot(), while later versions expose validation through checkTxRoots() and __checkMerkleRoot; these validation paths can accept a recomputed root without checking for mutation. A peer can append duplicate transactions so a different transaction list retains the original Merkle root, block header, proof of work, and block identifier. Consumers that rely on block-root validation, including explorers, exchange indexers, or SPV clients, can process a duplicated transaction twice or blacklist the shared block hash and reject the honest block. This issue is fixed in versions 5.2.1, 6.1.8, and 7.0.2.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H
CWE
  • CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 8081 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
bitcoinjs bitcoinjs-lib Affected: >= 2.3.0, < 5.2.1
Affected: >= 6.0.0, < 6.1.8
Affected: >= 7.0.0-rc.0, < 7.0.2
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "bitcoinjs-lib",
          "vendor": "bitcoinjs",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.3.0, \u003c 5.2.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 6.0.0, \u003c 6.1.8"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 7.0.0-rc.0, \u003c 7.0.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "bitcoinjs-lib is a JavaScript Bitcoin library for Node.js and browsers. From 2.3.0 until 5.2.1, 6.1.8, and 7.0.2, fastMerkleRoot pads odd Merkle-tree levels by hashing the final node with itself but does not report adjacent duplicate hashes. The affected block-root verifier was introduced as Block.checkMerkleRoot() alongside Block.calculateMerkleRoot(), while later versions expose validation through checkTxRoots() and __checkMerkleRoot; these validation paths can accept a recomputed root without checking for mutation. A peer can append duplicate transactions so a different transaction list retains the original Merkle root, block header, proof of work, and block identifier. Consumers that rely on block-root validation, including explorers, exchange indexers, or SPV clients, can process a duplicated transaction twice or blacklist the shared block hash and reject the honest block. This issue is fixed in versions 5.2.1, 6.1.8, and 7.0.2."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 9.3,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-354",
              "description": "CWE-354: Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-11-04T19:02:39.453Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/security/advisories/GHSA-8vv3-6qpc-gpw6",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/security/advisories/GHSA-8vv3-6qpc-gpw6"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/commit/009f165edfbf925cad8964b2dce478d18dd19449",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/commit/009f165edfbf925cad8964b2dce478d18dd19449"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/commit/b79c7714c0687473dc6e25c69fc5fc597302c7a0",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/commit/b79c7714c0687473dc6e25c69fc5fc597302c7a0"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/commit/f3434d1e4bb5e0784fe769c4cd08a243576232a1",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/commit/f3434d1e4bb5e0784fe769c4cd08a243576232a1"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-8vv3-6qpc-gpw6",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "bitcoinjs-lib: Undetected merkle node duplication in block root computation validates a forged transaction list"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-107846",
    "datePublished": "2026-11-04T19:02:39.453Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-10-08T22:34:49.291Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-11-04T19:02:39.453Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-107846",
      "date": "2026-11-06",
      "epss": "0.0018",
      "percentile": "0.07585"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "product": "bitcoinjs-lib",
                "vendor": "bitcoinjs",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "\u003e= 2.3.0, \u003c 5.2.1"
                  },
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "\u003e= 6.0.0, \u003c 6.1.8"
                  },
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "\u003e= 7.0.0-rc.0, \u003c 7.0.2"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "bitcoinjs-lib is a JavaScript Bitcoin library for Node.js and browsers. From 2.3.0 until 5.2.1, 6.1.8, and 7.0.2, fastMerkleRoot pads odd Merkle-tree levels by hashing the final node with itself but does not report adjacent duplicate hashes. The affected block-root verifier was introduced as Block.checkMerkleRoot() alongside Block.calculateMerkleRoot(), while later versions expose validation through checkTxRoots() and __checkMerkleRoot; these validation paths can accept a recomputed root without checking for mutation. A peer can append duplicate transactions so a different transaction list retains the original Merkle root, block header, proof of work, and block identifier. Consumers that rely on block-root validation, including explorers, exchange indexers, or SPV clients, can process a duplicated transaction twice or blacklist the shared block hash and reject the honest block. This issue is fixed in versions 5.2.1, 6.1.8, and 7.0.2."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-107846",
        "lastModified": "2026-11-04T19:17:18.130",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV40": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "baseScore": 9.3,
                "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
                "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
              },
              "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-11-04T19:17:18.130",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/commit/009f165edfbf925cad8964b2dce478d18dd19449"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/commit/b79c7714c0687473dc6e25c69fc5fc597302c7a0"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/commit/f3434d1e4bb5e0784fe769c4cd08a243576232a1"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/security/advisories/GHSA-8vv3-6qpc-gpw6"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "vulnStatus": "Received",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-354"
              }
            ],
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}



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