CVE-2025-71132 (GCVE-0-2025-71132)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-14 15:07 – Updated: 2026-10-19 18:15
VLAI
Title
smc91x: fix broken irq-context in PREEMPT_RT
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smc91x: fix broken irq-context in PREEMPT_RT When smc91x.c is built with PREEMPT_RT, the following splat occurs in FVP_RevC: [ 13.055000] smc91x LNRO0003:00 eth0: link up, 10Mbps, half-duplex, lpa 0x0000 [ 13.062137] BUG: workqueue leaked atomic, lock or RCU: kworker/2:1[106] [ 13.062137] preempt=0x00000000 lock=0->0 RCU=0->1 workfn=mld_ifc_work [ 13.062266] C ** replaying previous printk message ** [ 13.062266] CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 106 Comm: kworker/2:1 Not tainted 6.18.0-dirty #179 PREEMPT_{RT,(full)} [ 13.062353] Hardware name: , BIOS [ 13.062382] Workqueue: mld mld_ifc_work [ 13.062469] Call trace: [ 13.062494] show_stack+0x24/0x40 (C) [ 13.062602] __dump_stack+0x28/0x48 [ 13.062710] dump_stack_lvl+0x7c/0xb0 [ 13.062818] dump_stack+0x18/0x34 [ 13.062926] process_scheduled_works+0x294/0x450 [ 13.063043] worker_thread+0x260/0x3d8 [ 13.063124] kthread+0x1c4/0x228 [ 13.063235] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 This happens because smc_special_trylock() disables IRQs even on PREEMPT_RT, but smc_special_unlock() does not restore IRQs on PREEMPT_RT. The reason is that smc_special_unlock() calls spin_unlock_irqrestore(), and rcu_read_unlock_bh() in __dev_queue_xmit() cannot invoke rcu_read_unlock() through __local_bh_enable_ip() when current->softirq_disable_cnt becomes zero. To address this issue, replace smc_special_trylock() with spin_trylock_irqsave().
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-10 20:42 UTC
CWE
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 7018 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc , < 1c4cb705e733250d13243f6a69b8b5a92e39b9f6 (git)
Affected: 342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc , < 9d222141b00156509d67d80c771fbefa92c43ace (git)
Affected: 342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc , < ef277ae121b3249c99994652210a326b52d527b0 (git)
Affected: 342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc , < 36561b86cb2501647662cfaf91286dd6973804a6 (git)
Affected: 342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc , < b6018d5c1a8f09d5efe4d6961d7ee45fdf3a7ce3 (git)
Affected: 342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc , < 6402078bd9d1ed46e79465e1faaa42e3458f8a33 (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 5.15
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.15 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.198 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.160 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.120 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.64 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.4 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.19 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsmc91x: fix broken irq-context in PREEMPT_RT\n\nWhen smc91x.c is built with PREEMPT_RT, the following splat occurs\nin FVP_RevC:\n\n[   13.055000] smc91x LNRO0003:00 eth0: link up, 10Mbps, half-duplex, lpa 0x0000\n[   13.062137] BUG: workqueue leaked atomic, lock or RCU: kworker/2:1[106]\n[   13.062137]      preempt=0x00000000 lock=0-\u003e0 RCU=0-\u003e1 workfn=mld_ifc_work\n[   13.062266] C\n** replaying previous printk message **\n[   13.062266] CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 106 Comm: kworker/2:1 Not tainted 6.18.0-dirty #179 PREEMPT_{RT,(full)}\n[   13.062353] Hardware name:  , BIOS\n[   13.062382] Workqueue: mld mld_ifc_work\n[   13.062469] Call trace:\n[   13.062494]  show_stack+0x24/0x40 (C)\n[   13.062602]  __dump_stack+0x28/0x48\n[   13.062710]  dump_stack_lvl+0x7c/0xb0\n[   13.062818]  dump_stack+0x18/0x34\n[   13.062926]  process_scheduled_works+0x294/0x450\n[   13.063043]  worker_thread+0x260/0x3d8\n[   13.063124]  kthread+0x1c4/0x228\n[   13.063235]  ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20\n\nThis happens because smc_special_trylock() disables IRQs even on PREEMPT_RT,\nbut smc_special_unlock() does not restore IRQs on PREEMPT_RT.\nThe reason is that smc_special_unlock() calls spin_unlock_irqrestore(),\nand rcu_read_unlock_bh() in __dev_queue_xmit() cannot invoke\nrcu_read_unlock() through __local_bh_enable_ip() when current-\u003esoftirq_disable_cnt becomes zero.\n\nTo address this issue, replace smc_special_trylock() with spin_trylock_irqsave()."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nsmc91x: corregir el contexto de IRQ roto en PREEMPT_RT\n\nCuando smc91x.c se compila con PREEMPT_RT, ocurre el siguiente \u0027splat\u0027 en FVP_RevC:\n\n[   13.055000] smc91x LNRO0003:00 eth0: link up, 10Mbps, half-duplex, lpa 0x0000\n[   13.062137] BUG: workqueue leaked atomic, lock or RCU: kworker/2:1[106]\n[   13.062137]      preempt=0x00000000 lock=0-\u0026gt;0 RCU=0-\u0026gt;1 workfn=mld_ifc_work\n[   13.062266] C\n replaying previous printk message \n[   13.062266] CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 106 Comm: kworker/2:1 Not tainted 6.18.0-dirty #179 PREEMPT_{RT,(full)}\n[   13.062353] Hardware name:  , BIOS\n[   13.062382] Workqueue: mld mld_ifc_work\n[   13.062469] Call trace:\n[   13.062494]  show_stack+0x24/0x40 (C)\n[   13.062602]  __dump_stack+0x28/0x48\n[   13.062710]  dump_stack_lvl+0x7c/0xb0\n[   13.062818]  dump_stack+0x18/0x34\n[   13.062926]  process_scheduled_works+0x294/0x450\n[   13.063043]  worker_thread+0x260/0x3d8\n[   13.063124]  kthread+0x1c4/0x228\n[   13.063235]  ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20\n\nEsto ocurre porque smc_special_trylock() deshabilita las IRQ incluso en PREEMPT_RT, pero smc_special_unlock() no restaura las IRQ en PREEMPT_RT.\nLa raz\u00f3n es que smc_special_unlock() llama a spin_unlock_irqrestore(), y rcu_read_unlock_bh() en __dev_queue_xmit() no puede invocar a rcu_read_unlock() a trav\u00e9s de __local_bh_enable_ip() cuando current-\u0026gt;softirq_disable_cnt se vuelve cero.\n\nPara abordar este problema, reemplace smc_special_trylock() con spin_trylock_irqsave()."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-71132",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-19T19:17:15.070",
        "metrics": {
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            {
              "cvssData": {
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                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
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                "baseScore": 7.5,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
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              "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
              "impactScore": 3.6,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
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                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 5.5,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 3.6,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            }
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                  {
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                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-10T20:42:13.928914Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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            }
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        "published": "2026-01-14T15:16:02.947",
        "references": [
          {
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            "tags": [
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          },
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            "tags": [
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            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6402078bd9d1ed46e79465e1faaa42e3458f8a33"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d222141b00156509d67d80c771fbefa92c43ace"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
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          },
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            "tags": [
              "Patch"
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            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef277ae121b3249c99994652210a326b52d527b0"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
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                "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"
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            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          },
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-667"
              }
            ],
            "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-29T08:50:05+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-71132",
      "id": "CVE-2025-71132",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "150",
      "product_status:known_affected": "186",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "42",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: smc91x: fix broken irq-context in PREEMPT_RT",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-71132.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2025-71132",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2026-06-10T20:42:13.928914Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "problemTypes": [
              {
                "descriptions": [
                  {
                    "cweId": "CWE-667",
                    "description": "CWE-667 Improper Locking",
                    "lang": "en",
                    "type": "CWE"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2026-06-11T17:39:11.472Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "drivers/net/ethernet/smsc/smc91x.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThan": "1c4cb705e733250d13243f6a69b8b5a92e39b9f6",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc",
                  "versionType": "git"
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                {
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                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "ef277ae121b3249c99994652210a326b52d527b0",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "36561b86cb2501647662cfaf91286dd6973804a6",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "b6018d5c1a8f09d5efe4d6961d7ee45fdf3a7ce3",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
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                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc",
                  "versionType": "git"
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              ]
            },
            {
              "defaultStatus": "affected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "drivers/net/ethernet/smsc/smc91x.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
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                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "5.15"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "5.15",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
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                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.15.198",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.1.160",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.6.120",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.12.64",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.18.4",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.19",
                  "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "cpeApplicability": [
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              "nodes": [
                {
                  "cpeMatch": [
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.198",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "5.15",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.160",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "5.15",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.120",
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                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.64",
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                      "vulnerable": true
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                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.4",
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                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
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                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.19",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "5.15",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    }
                  ],
                  "negate": false,
                  "operator": "OR"
                }
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          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsmc91x: fix broken irq-context in PREEMPT_RT\n\nWhen smc91x.c is built with PREEMPT_RT, the following splat occurs\nin FVP_RevC:\n\n[   13.055000] smc91x LNRO0003:00 eth0: link up, 10Mbps, half-duplex, lpa 0x0000\n[   13.062137] BUG: workqueue leaked atomic, lock or RCU: kworker/2:1[106]\n[   13.062137]      preempt=0x00000000 lock=0-\u003e0 RCU=0-\u003e1 workfn=mld_ifc_work\n[   13.062266] C\n** replaying previous printk message **\n[   13.062266] CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 106 Comm: kworker/2:1 Not tainted 6.18.0-dirty #179 PREEMPT_{RT,(full)}\n[   13.062353] Hardware name:  , BIOS\n[   13.062382] Workqueue: mld mld_ifc_work\n[   13.062469] Call trace:\n[   13.062494]  show_stack+0x24/0x40 (C)\n[   13.062602]  __dump_stack+0x28/0x48\n[   13.062710]  dump_stack_lvl+0x7c/0xb0\n[   13.062818]  dump_stack+0x18/0x34\n[   13.062926]  process_scheduled_works+0x294/0x450\n[   13.063043]  worker_thread+0x260/0x3d8\n[   13.063124]  kthread+0x1c4/0x228\n[   13.063235]  ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20\n\nThis happens because smc_special_trylock() disables IRQs even on PREEMPT_RT,\nbut smc_special_unlock() does not restore IRQs on PREEMPT_RT.\nThe reason is that smc_special_unlock() calls spin_unlock_irqrestore(),\nand rcu_read_unlock_bh() in __dev_queue_xmit() cannot invoke\nrcu_read_unlock() through __local_bh_enable_ip() when current-\u003esoftirq_disable_cnt becomes zero.\n\nTo address this issue, replace smc_special_trylock() with spin_trylock_irqsave()."
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
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              "cvssV3_1": {
                "baseScore": 7.5,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "AV:N - Internet-routable ICMP/TCP traffic can force transmission through smc91x, while a pre-authentication network service makes the persistent process-context RCU leak remotely repeatable. An adjacent MLD query also directly schedules report work that reaches the vulnerable path.\nAC:L - On an affected SMP PREEMPT_RT system, every successful transmit-side trylock produces the IRQ-state mismatch without a race or uncontrolled timing requirement. Required packet fields and repeated transmissions are attacker-controlled.\nPR:N - Unauthenticated network traffic reaches the transmit path without target credentials or capabilities. The MLD path likewise has protocol-validity checks but no authentication or privilege check.\nUI:N - Kernel protocol handling and network-service responses occur automatically without victim action.\nS:U - The IRQ and RCU corruption affects the same host kernel security authority and does not cross a VM, IOMMU, or other security boundary.\nC:N - The bug leaks RCU read-side state and disables interrupts but provides no memory disclosure or read primitive.\nI:N - No memory is corrupted and no attacker-controlled write or data-modification primitive is created.\nA:H - Leaked RCU nesting can indefinitely block grace periods and accumulate callbacks, while broken IRQ state can stall critical processing. Repeated triggering can therefore cause RCU stalls or a system-wide hang."
                }
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            "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:12:17.694Z",
            "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "shortName": "Linux"
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            {
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      "cveMetadata": {
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        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-71132",
        "datePublished": "2026-01-14T15:07:47.860Z",
        "dateReserved": "2026-01-13T15:30:19.655Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T18:15:15.774Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
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    }
  }
}



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