CVE-2025-59152 (GCVE-0-2025-59152)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-06 15:23 – Updated: 2025-10-06 15:35
VLAI
Title
X-Forwarded-For Header Spoofing Bypasses Litestar Rate Limiting
Summary
Litestar is an Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface (ASGI) framework. In version 2.17.0, rate limits can be completely bypassed by manipulating the X-Forwarded-For header. This renders IP-based rate limiting ineffective against determined attackers. Litestar's RateLimitMiddleware uses `cache_key_from_request()` to generate cache keys for rate limiting. When an X-Forwarded-For header is present, the middleware trusts it unconditionally and uses its value as part of the client identifier. Since clients can set arbitrary X-Forwarded-For values, each different spoofed IP creates a separate rate limit bucket. An attacker can rotate through different header values to avoid hitting any single bucket's limit. This affects any Litestar application using RateLimitMiddleware with default settings, which likely includes most applications that implement rate limiting. Version 2.18.0 contains a patch for the vulnerability.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-06 15:35 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-807 - Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7867 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
litestar-org litestar Affected: = 2.17.0
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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