CVE-2025-40324 (GCVE-0-2025-40324)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-08 00:46 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
NFSD: Fix crash in nfsd4_read_release()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
NFSD: Fix crash in nfsd4_read_release()
When tracing is enabled, the trace_nfsd_read_done trace point
crashes during the pynfs read.testNoFh test.
Severity
7.5 (High)
Assigner
References
7 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
65a33135e91e6dd661ecdf1194b9d90c49ae3570 , < 930cb4fe3ab4061be31f20ee30bb72a66f7bb6d1
(git)
Affected: b11d8162c24af4a351d21e2c804d25ca493305e3 , < 375fdd8993cecc48afa359728a6e70b280dde1c8 (git) Affected: b623a8e5d38a69a3ef8644acb1030dd7c7bc28b3 , < 2ac46606b2cc49e78d8e3d8f2685e79e9ba73020 (git) Affected: 15a8b55dbb1ba154d82627547c5761cac884d810 , < 03524ccff698d4a77d096ed529073d91f5edee5d (git) Affected: 15a8b55dbb1ba154d82627547c5761cac884d810 , < a4948875ed0599c037dc438c11891c9012721b1d (git) Affected: 15a8b55dbb1ba154d82627547c5761cac884d810 , < 8f244b773c63fa480c9a3bd1ae04f5272f285e89 (git) Affected: 15a8b55dbb1ba154d82627547c5761cac884d810 , < abb1f08a2121dd270193746e43b2a9373db9ad84 (git) Affected: 3d0dcada384af22dec764c8374a2997870ec86ae (git) Affected: 5.10.220 , < 5.10.247 (semver) Affected: 5.15.154 , < 5.15.197 (semver) Affected: 6.1.24 , < 6.1.159 (semver) Affected: 6.2.11 , < 6.3 (semver) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
6.3
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.3 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.247 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.197 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.159 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.117 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.58 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17.8 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
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},
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"version": "6.18",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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]
}
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"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nNFSD: Fix crash in nfsd4_read_release()\n\nWhen tracing is enabled, the trace_nfsd_read_done trace point\ncrashes during the pynfs read.testNoFh test."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:N - The bug is in the in-kernel NFS server\u0027s NFSv4 COMPOUND processing, triggered entirely by attacker-supplied RPC data arriving on TCP port 2049. No local access is needed \u2014 a crafted COMPOUND from any host that can reach nfsd is sufficient.\nAC:L - Within the vulnerable configuration (nfsd read tracepoints enabled, the configuration CVSS directs us to score), a single well-formed `COMPOUND{READ}` with no preceding PUTFH triggers the NULL dereference deterministically \u2014 no race, no memory-layout dependency, no timing window, and the attacker fully controls the request.\nPR:N - The crash occurs before any authorization gate: no filehandle, no stateid, no session/clientid, and no export access check is reached, and AUTH_SYS verifies no credentials. The NFSv4.1 `nfserr_op_not_in_session` path (nfs4proc.c:3087-3093) fires before session establishment, making this a pre-authentication code path.\nUI:N - The attacker sends the malformed COMPOUND directly to the NFS server; no administrator or client-side action is required at exploitation time.\nS:U - The NULL dereference oops occurs in the nfsd kthread within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:N - `nfsd4_decode_read()` memsets the whole `struct nfsd4_read`, so `rd_rqstp`/`rd_fhp` are guaranteed NULL rather than stale pointers \u2014 the fault occurs on the first access and no data is read into the trace buffer or otherwise disclosed.\nI:N - The tracepoint\u0027s `TP_fast_assign` performs only loads from the NULL pointers; there is no out-of-bounds or use-after-free write and no control-flow hijack primitive.\nA:H - A NULL pointer dereference oops kills the nfsd kernel thread mid-compound (leaking the unreleased current_fh/save_fh references), and the request can be replayed to exhaust every nfsd thread; with panic_on_oops set it is an immediate kernel panic."
}
]
}
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"providerMetadata": {
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"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
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"references": [
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/abb1f08a2121dd270193746e43b2a9373db9ad84"
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"title": "NFSD: Fix crash in nfsd4_read_release()",
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"datePublished": "2025-12-08T00:46:51.912Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.186Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:09:37.288Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
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"source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "NFSD: Fix crash in nfsd4_read_release()",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2025/msrc_cve-2025-40324.json",
"version": "2"
},
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nNFSD: Fix crash in nfsd4_read_release()\n\nWhen tracing is enabled, the trace_nfsd_read_done trace point\ncrashes during the pynfs read.testNoFh test."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-40324",
"lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:24:29.327",
"metrics": {
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{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
"impactScore": 3.6,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
},
"published": "2025-12-08T01:16:05.197",
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},
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a4948875ed0599c037dc438c11891c9012721b1d"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/abb1f08a2121dd270193746e43b2a9373db9ad84"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Deferred"
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-07-30T08:38:41+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-40324",
"id": "CVE-2025-40324",
"initial_release_date": "2025-12-08T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_affected": "246",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "28",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: NFSD: Fix crash in nfsd4_read_release()",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-40324.json",
"version": "3"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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