CVE-2025-40170 (GCVE-0-2025-40170)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-12 10:46 – Updated: 2026-10-21 12:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
net: use dst_dev_rcu() in sk_setup_caps()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: use dst_dev_rcu() in sk_setup_caps()
Use RCU to protect accesses to dst->dev from sk_setup_caps()
and sk_dst_gso_max_size().
Also use dst_dev_rcu() in ip6_dst_mtu_maybe_forward(),
and ip_dst_mtu_maybe_forward().
ip4_dst_hoplimit() can use dst_dev_net_rcu().
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-16 19:33 UTC
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36 , < 9f22b5f7f1a32f8bbcc82bf34e34ea63523fcd02
(git)
Affected: 4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36 , < 5d1be493d1110c9e720b4c51a6e587bb2fb4ac12 (git) Affected: 4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36 , < a805729c0091073d8f0415cfa96c7acd1bc17a48 (git) Affected: 4a6ce2b6f2ecabbddcfe47e7cf61dd0f00b10e36 , < 99a2ace61b211b0be861b07fbaa062fca4b58879 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
4.13
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.13 (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.160 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.64 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17.3 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
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"value": "AV:L - The unprotected `sk_setup_caps()` reader is reached from process-context syscalls (connect/sendmsg/SCTP output), and the racing `dst_dev_put()`/netdev-unregister side requires local netns and link/route manipulation; the remote-triggered call site (`tcp_v4_syn_recv_sock`) runs BH-disabled and is implicitly RCU-protected.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 one thread loops connect()/sendmsg() on sockets holding the dst while another deletes the veth/route in its own netns \u2014 and can retry indefinitely until the window is hit.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local account suffices; CAP_NET_ADMIN needed for link/route teardown is obtainable without real root via user namespaces (`unshare -Urn`), and the socket side needs no privilege at all.\nUI:N - Exploitation is entirely driven by the attacker\u0027s own threads issuing socket syscalls and netlink link/route operations; no victim action is required.\nS:U - The use-after-free is on a kernel `struct net_device` and its effects stay within the kernel\u0027s own security authority, with no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free read of a freed, heap-sprayable `net_device`; its contents are loaded into `sk_route_caps`, `sk_gso_max_size` and `sk_gso_max_segs`, which observably alter TCP segmentation and thus leak freed-memory contents, and per UAF guidance this is High.\nI:H - Values read from freed memory are written into persistent socket state and then drive packet construction \u2014 bogus SG/HW_CSUM/GSO feature bits and an underflowed multi-gigabyte `sk_gso_max_size` corrupt the TX path, and a UAF on a sprayable object is treatable as an arbitrary-write primitive.\nA:H - Dereferencing a freed `net_device` can oops outright, and the resulting garbage GSO sizes/segment counts produce oversized skb allocations and inconsistent offload state that crash the transmit path and drivers."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-21T12:37:51.619Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9f22b5f7f1a32f8bbcc82bf34e34ea63523fcd02"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5d1be493d1110c9e720b4c51a6e587bb2fb4ac12"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a805729c0091073d8f0415cfa96c7acd1bc17a48"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/99a2ace61b211b0be861b07fbaa062fca4b58879"
}
],
"title": "net: use dst_dev_rcu() in sk_setup_caps()",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-40170",
"datePublished": "2025-11-12T10:46:52.014Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.176Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-21T12:37:51.619Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.