CVE-2025-39903 (GCVE-0-2025-39903)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-01 07:42 – Updated: 2026-05-11 21:38
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
of_numa: fix uninitialized memory nodes causing kernel panic
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
of_numa: fix uninitialized memory nodes causing kernel panic
When there are memory-only nodes (nodes without CPUs), these nodes are not
properly initialized, causing kernel panic during boot.
of_numa_init
of_numa_parse_cpu_nodes
node_set(nid, numa_nodes_parsed);
of_numa_parse_memory_nodes
In of_numa_parse_cpu_nodes, numa_nodes_parsed gets updated only for nodes
containing CPUs. Memory-only nodes should have been updated in
of_numa_parse_memory_nodes, but they weren't.
Subsequently, when free_area_init() attempts to access NODE_DATA() for
these uninitialized memory nodes, the kernel panics due to NULL pointer
dereference.
This can be reproduced on ARM64 QEMU with 1 CPU and 2 memory nodes:
qemu-system-aarch64 \
-cpu host -nographic \
-m 4G -smp 1 \
-machine virt,accel=kvm,gic-version=3,iommu=smmuv3 \
-object memory-backend-ram,size=2G,id=mem0 \
-object memory-backend-ram,size=2G,id=mem1 \
-numa node,nodeid=0,memdev=mem0 \
-numa node,nodeid=1,memdev=mem1 \
-kernel $IMAGE \
-hda $DISK \
-append "console=ttyAMA0 root=/dev/vda rw earlycon"
[ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0000000000 [0x481fd010]
[ 0.000000] Linux version 6.17.0-rc1-00001-gabb4b3daf18c-dirty (yintirui@local) (gcc (GCC) 12.3.1, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.41) #52 SMP PREEMPT Mon Aug 18 09:49:40 CST 2025
[ 0.000000] KASLR enabled
[ 0.000000] random: crng init done
[ 0.000000] Machine model: linux,dummy-virt
[ 0.000000] efi: UEFI not found.
[ 0.000000] earlycon: pl11 at MMIO 0x0000000009000000 (options '')
[ 0.000000] printk: legacy bootconsole [pl11] enabled
[ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: Reserved memory: No reserved-memory node in the DT
[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(0) allocated [mem 0xbfffd9c0-0xbfffffff]
[ 0.000000] node 1 must be removed before remove section 23
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000ffffffff]
[ 0.000000] DMA32 empty
[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000013fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] node 1: [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x000000013fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000000000000a0
[ 0.000000] Mem abort info:
[ 0.000000] ESR = 0x0000000096000004
[ 0.000000] EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits
[ 0.000000] SET = 0, FnV = 0
[ 0.000000] EA = 0, S1PTW = 0
[ 0.000000] FSC = 0x04: level 0 translation fault
[ 0.000000] Data abort info:
[ 0.000000] ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000004, ISS2 = 0x00000000
[ 0.000000] CM = 0, WnR = 0, TnD = 0, TagAccess = 0
[ 0.000000] GCS = 0, Overlay = 0, DirtyBit = 0, Xs = 0
[ 0.000000] [00000000000000a0] user address but active_mm is swapper
[ 0.000000] Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000004 [#1] SMP
[ 0.000000] Modules linked in:
[ 0.000000] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 6.17.0-rc1-00001-g760c6dabf762-dirty #54 PREEMPT
[ 0.000000] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
[ 0.000000] pstate: 800000c5 (Nzcv daIF -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
[ 0.000000] pc : free_area_init+0x50c/0xf9c
[ 0.000000] lr : free_area_init+0x5c0/0xf9c
[ 0.000000] sp : ffffa02ca0f33c00
[ 0.000000] x29: ffffa02ca0f33cb0 x28: 0000000000000000 x27: 0000000000000000
[ 0.000000] x26: 4ec4ec4ec4ec4ec5 x25: 00000000000c0000 x24: 00000000000c0000
[ 0.000000] x23: 0000000000040000 x22: 0000000000000000 x21: ffffa02ca0f3b368
[ 0.000000] x20: ffffa02ca14c7b98 x19: 0000000000000000 x18: 0000000000000002
[ 0.000000] x17: 000000000000cacc x16: 0000000000000001 x15: 0000000000000001
[ 0.000000] x14: 0000000080000000 x13: 0000000000000018 x12: 0000000000000002
[ 0.0
---truncated---
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-14 19:29 UTC
CWE
- CWE-476 - NULL Pointer Dereference
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
767507654c22578ea0b51d181211b2e7714ea7cd , < c2daa6eb4740720b5bd0e06267d7c93a3eed844e
(git)
Affected: 767507654c22578ea0b51d181211b2e7714ea7cd , < f3286ad8eeae15fd4bd5c12f9adfe888b26baf62 (git) Affected: 767507654c22578ea0b51d181211b2e7714ea7cd , < ee4d098cbc9160f573b5c1b5a51d6158efdb2896 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
6.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.12 (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.46 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16.6 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
{
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"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
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"baseScore": 5.5,
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"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
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"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nof_numa: fix uninitialized memory nodes causing kernel panic\n\nWhen there are memory-only nodes (nodes without CPUs), these nodes are not\nproperly initialized, causing kernel panic during boot.\n\nof_numa_init\n\tof_numa_parse_cpu_nodes\n\t\tnode_set(nid, numa_nodes_parsed);\n\tof_numa_parse_memory_nodes\n\nIn of_numa_parse_cpu_nodes, numa_nodes_parsed gets updated only for nodes\ncontaining CPUs. Memory-only nodes should have been updated in\nof_numa_parse_memory_nodes, but they weren\u0027t.\n\nSubsequently, when free_area_init() attempts to access NODE_DATA() for\nthese uninitialized memory nodes, the kernel panics due to NULL pointer\ndereference.\n\nThis can be reproduced on ARM64 QEMU with 1 CPU and 2 memory nodes:\n\nqemu-system-aarch64 \\\n-cpu host -nographic \\\n-m 4G -smp 1 \\\n-machine virt,accel=kvm,gic-version=3,iommu=smmuv3 \\\n-object memory-backend-ram,size=2G,id=mem0 \\\n-object memory-backend-ram,size=2G,id=mem1 \\\n-numa node,nodeid=0,memdev=mem0 \\\n-numa node,nodeid=1,memdev=mem1 \\\n-kernel $IMAGE \\\n-hda $DISK \\\n-append \"console=ttyAMA0 root=/dev/vda rw earlycon\"\n\n[ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0000000000 [0x481fd010]\n[ 0.000000] Linux version 6.17.0-rc1-00001-gabb4b3daf18c-dirty (yintirui@local) (gcc (GCC) 12.3.1, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.41) #52 SMP PREEMPT Mon Aug 18 09:49:40 CST 2025\n[ 0.000000] KASLR enabled\n[ 0.000000] random: crng init done\n[ 0.000000] Machine model: linux,dummy-virt\n[ 0.000000] efi: UEFI not found.\n[ 0.000000] earlycon: pl11 at MMIO 0x0000000009000000 (options \u0027\u0027)\n[ 0.000000] printk: legacy bootconsole [pl11] enabled\n[ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: Reserved memory: No reserved-memory node in the DT\n[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(0) allocated [mem 0xbfffd9c0-0xbfffffff]\n[ 0.000000] node 1 must be removed before remove section 23\n[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:\n[ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000ffffffff]\n[ 0.000000] DMA32 empty\n[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000013fffffff]\n[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node\n[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges\n[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000bfffffff]\n[ 0.000000] node 1: [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x000000013fffffff]\n[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000bfffffff]\n[ 0.000000] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000000000000a0\n[ 0.000000] Mem abort info:\n[ 0.000000] ESR = 0x0000000096000004\n[ 0.000000] EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits\n[ 0.000000] SET = 0, FnV = 0\n[ 0.000000] EA = 0, S1PTW = 0\n[ 0.000000] FSC = 0x04: level 0 translation fault\n[ 0.000000] Data abort info:\n[ 0.000000] ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000004, ISS2 = 0x00000000\n[ 0.000000] CM = 0, WnR = 0, TnD = 0, TagAccess = 0\n[ 0.000000] GCS = 0, Overlay = 0, DirtyBit = 0, Xs = 0\n[ 0.000000] [00000000000000a0] user address but active_mm is swapper\n[ 0.000000] Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000004 [#1] SMP\n[ 0.000000] Modules linked in:\n[ 0.000000] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 6.17.0-rc1-00001-g760c6dabf762-dirty #54 PREEMPT\n[ 0.000000] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)\n[ 0.000000] pstate: 800000c5 (Nzcv daIF -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)\n[ 0.000000] pc : free_area_init+0x50c/0xf9c\n[ 0.000000] lr : free_area_init+0x5c0/0xf9c\n[ 0.000000] sp : ffffa02ca0f33c00\n[ 0.000000] x29: ffffa02ca0f33cb0 x28: 0000000000000000 x27: 0000000000000000\n[ 0.000000] x26: 4ec4ec4ec4ec4ec5 x25: 00000000000c0000 x24: 00000000000c0000\n[ 0.000000] x23: 0000000000040000 x22: 0000000000000000 x21: ffffa02ca0f3b368\n[ 0.000000] x20: ffffa02ca14c7b98 x19: 0000000000000000 x18: 0000000000000002\n[ 0.000000] x17: 000000000000cacc x16: 0000000000000001 x15: 0000000000000001\n[ 0.000000] x14: 0000000080000000 x13: 0000000000000018 x12: 0000000000000002\n[ 0.0\n---truncated---"
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"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2daa6eb4740720b5bd0e06267d7c93a3eed844e"
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ee4d098cbc9160f573b5c1b5a51d6158efdb2896"
}
],
"title": "of_numa: fix uninitialized memory nodes causing kernel panic",
"x_generator": {
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"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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"cveId": "CVE-2025-39903",
"datePublished": "2025-10-01T07:42:50.215Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.146Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:38:38.180Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2025-39903",
"date": "2026-09-17",
"epss": "0.00143",
"percentile": "0.03989"
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"nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-39903\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2025-10-01T08:15:33.133\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-17T09:18:47.430\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nof_numa: fix uninitialized memory nodes causing kernel panic\\n\\nWhen there are memory-only nodes (nodes without CPUs), these nodes are not\\nproperly initialized, causing kernel panic during boot.\\n\\nof_numa_init\\n\\tof_numa_parse_cpu_nodes\\n\\t\\tnode_set(nid, numa_nodes_parsed);\\n\\tof_numa_parse_memory_nodes\\n\\nIn of_numa_parse_cpu_nodes, numa_nodes_parsed gets updated only for nodes\\ncontaining CPUs. Memory-only nodes should have been updated in\\nof_numa_parse_memory_nodes, but they weren\u0027t.\\n\\nSubsequently, when free_area_init() attempts to access NODE_DATA() for\\nthese uninitialized memory nodes, the kernel panics due to NULL pointer\\ndereference.\\n\\nThis can be reproduced on ARM64 QEMU with 1 CPU and 2 memory nodes:\\n\\nqemu-system-aarch64 \\\\\\n-cpu host -nographic \\\\\\n-m 4G -smp 1 \\\\\\n-machine virt,accel=kvm,gic-version=3,iommu=smmuv3 \\\\\\n-object memory-backend-ram,size=2G,id=mem0 \\\\\\n-object memory-backend-ram,size=2G,id=mem1 \\\\\\n-numa node,nodeid=0,memdev=mem0 \\\\\\n-numa node,nodeid=1,memdev=mem1 \\\\\\n-kernel $IMAGE \\\\\\n-hda $DISK \\\\\\n-append \\\"console=ttyAMA0 root=/dev/vda rw earlycon\\\"\\n\\n[ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0000000000 [0x481fd010]\\n[ 0.000000] Linux version 6.17.0-rc1-00001-gabb4b3daf18c-dirty (yintirui@local) (gcc (GCC) 12.3.1, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.41) #52 SMP PREEMPT Mon Aug 18 09:49:40 CST 2025\\n[ 0.000000] KASLR enabled\\n[ 0.000000] random: crng init done\\n[ 0.000000] Machine model: linux,dummy-virt\\n[ 0.000000] efi: UEFI not found.\\n[ 0.000000] earlycon: pl11 at MMIO 0x0000000009000000 (options \u0027\u0027)\\n[ 0.000000] printk: legacy bootconsole [pl11] enabled\\n[ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: Reserved memory: No reserved-memory node in the DT\\n[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(0) allocated [mem 0xbfffd9c0-0xbfffffff]\\n[ 0.000000] node 1 must be removed before remove section 23\\n[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:\\n[ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000ffffffff]\\n[ 0.000000] DMA32 empty\\n[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000013fffffff]\\n[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node\\n[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges\\n[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000bfffffff]\\n[ 0.000000] node 1: [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x000000013fffffff]\\n[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000bfffffff]\\n[ 0.000000] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000000000000a0\\n[ 0.000000] Mem abort info:\\n[ 0.000000] ESR = 0x0000000096000004\\n[ 0.000000] EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits\\n[ 0.000000] SET = 0, FnV = 0\\n[ 0.000000] EA = 0, S1PTW = 0\\n[ 0.000000] FSC = 0x04: level 0 translation fault\\n[ 0.000000] Data abort info:\\n[ 0.000000] ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000004, ISS2 = 0x00000000\\n[ 0.000000] CM = 0, WnR = 0, TnD = 0, TagAccess = 0\\n[ 0.000000] GCS = 0, Overlay = 0, DirtyBit = 0, Xs = 0\\n[ 0.000000] [00000000000000a0] user address but active_mm is swapper\\n[ 0.000000] Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000004 [#1] SMP\\n[ 0.000000] Modules linked in:\\n[ 0.000000] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 6.17.0-rc1-00001-g760c6dabf762-dirty #54 PREEMPT\\n[ 0.000000] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)\\n[ 0.000000] pstate: 800000c5 (Nzcv daIF -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)\\n[ 0.000000] pc : free_area_init+0x50c/0xf9c\\n[ 0.000000] lr : free_area_init+0x5c0/0xf9c\\n[ 0.000000] sp : ffffa02ca0f33c00\\n[ 0.000000] x29: ffffa02ca0f33cb0 x28: 0000000000000000 x27: 0000000000000000\\n[ 0.000000] x26: 4ec4ec4ec4ec4ec5 x25: 00000000000c0000 x24: 00000000000c0000\\n[ 0.000000] x23: 0000000000040000 x22: 0000000000000000 x21: ffffa02ca0f3b368\\n[ 0.000000] x20: ffffa02ca14c7b98 x19: 0000000000000000 x18: 0000000000000002\\n[ 0.000000] x17: 000000000000cacc x16: 0000000000000001 x15: 0000000000000001\\n[ 0.000000] x14: 0000000080000000 x13: 0000000000000018 x12: 0000000000000002\\n[ 0.0\\n---truncated---\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/of/of_numa.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"767507654c22578ea0b51d181211b2e7714ea7cd\",\"lessThan\":\"c2daa6eb4740720b5bd0e06267d7c93a3eed844e\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"767507654c22578ea0b51d181211b2e7714ea7cd\",\"lessThan\":\"f3286ad8eeae15fd4bd5c12f9adfe888b26baf62\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"767507654c22578ea0b51d181211b2e7714ea7cd\",\"lessThan\":\"ee4d098cbc9160f573b5c1b5a51d6158efdb2896\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/of/of_numa.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"6.12\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"6.12\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.46\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.16.6\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.16.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.17\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":5.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":3.6},{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":5.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":3.6}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2026-01-14T19:29:54.656415Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2025-39903\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"none\"},{\"automatable\":\"no\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"partial\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-476\"}]},{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-476\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.12\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.46\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"96546B77-B366-48B1-AAAE-0BD3C9328ECC\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.16.6\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"548F104C-0F08-438B-9C97-64C903F0C678\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"327D22EF-390B-454C-BD31-2ED23C998A1C\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"C730CD9A-D969-4A8E-9522-162AAF7C0EE9\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"39982C4B-716E-4B2F-8196-FA301F47807D\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"340BEEA9-D70D-4290-B502-FBB1032353B1\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2daa6eb4740720b5bd0e06267d7c93a3eed844e\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ee4d098cbc9160f573b5c1b5a51d6158efdb2896\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f3286ad8eeae15fd4bd5c12f9adfe888b26baf62\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]}]}}",
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-06-30T01:24:34+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-39903",
"id": "CVE-2025-39903",
"initial_release_date": "2025-10-01T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:fixed": "616",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "198",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: of_numa: fix uninitialized memory nodes causing kernel panic",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-39903.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 5.5, \"attackVector\": \"LOCAL\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-39903\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-01-14T19:29:54.656415Z\"}}}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-476\", \"description\": \"CWE-476 NULL Pointer Dereference\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-01-14T19:29:50.716Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"of_numa: fix uninitialized memory nodes causing kernel panic\", \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"767507654c22578ea0b51d181211b2e7714ea7cd\", \"lessThan\": \"c2daa6eb4740720b5bd0e06267d7c93a3eed844e\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"767507654c22578ea0b51d181211b2e7714ea7cd\", \"lessThan\": \"f3286ad8eeae15fd4bd5c12f9adfe888b26baf62\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"767507654c22578ea0b51d181211b2e7714ea7cd\", \"lessThan\": \"ee4d098cbc9160f573b5c1b5a51d6158efdb2896\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"drivers/of/of_numa.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"6.12\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"6.12\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.12.46\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.16.6\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.16.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.17\", \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"drivers/of/of_numa.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2daa6eb4740720b5bd0e06267d7c93a3eed844e\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f3286ad8eeae15fd4bd5c12f9adfe888b26baf62\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ee4d098cbc9160f573b5c1b5a51d6158efdb2896\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"bippy-1.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nof_numa: fix uninitialized memory nodes causing kernel panic\\n\\nWhen there are memory-only nodes (nodes without CPUs), these nodes are not\\nproperly initialized, causing kernel panic during boot.\\n\\nof_numa_init\\n\\tof_numa_parse_cpu_nodes\\n\\t\\tnode_set(nid, numa_nodes_parsed);\\n\\tof_numa_parse_memory_nodes\\n\\nIn of_numa_parse_cpu_nodes, numa_nodes_parsed gets updated only for nodes\\ncontaining CPUs. Memory-only nodes should have been updated in\\nof_numa_parse_memory_nodes, but they weren\u0027t.\\n\\nSubsequently, when free_area_init() attempts to access NODE_DATA() for\\nthese uninitialized memory nodes, the kernel panics due to NULL pointer\\ndereference.\\n\\nThis can be reproduced on ARM64 QEMU with 1 CPU and 2 memory nodes:\\n\\nqemu-system-aarch64 \\\\\\n-cpu host -nographic \\\\\\n-m 4G -smp 1 \\\\\\n-machine virt,accel=kvm,gic-version=3,iommu=smmuv3 \\\\\\n-object memory-backend-ram,size=2G,id=mem0 \\\\\\n-object memory-backend-ram,size=2G,id=mem1 \\\\\\n-numa node,nodeid=0,memdev=mem0 \\\\\\n-numa node,nodeid=1,memdev=mem1 \\\\\\n-kernel $IMAGE \\\\\\n-hda $DISK \\\\\\n-append \\\"console=ttyAMA0 root=/dev/vda rw earlycon\\\"\\n\\n[ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0000000000 [0x481fd010]\\n[ 0.000000] Linux version 6.17.0-rc1-00001-gabb4b3daf18c-dirty (yintirui@local) (gcc (GCC) 12.3.1, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.41) #52 SMP PREEMPT Mon Aug 18 09:49:40 CST 2025\\n[ 0.000000] KASLR enabled\\n[ 0.000000] random: crng init done\\n[ 0.000000] Machine model: linux,dummy-virt\\n[ 0.000000] efi: UEFI not found.\\n[ 0.000000] earlycon: pl11 at MMIO 0x0000000009000000 (options \u0027\u0027)\\n[ 0.000000] printk: legacy bootconsole [pl11] enabled\\n[ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: Reserved memory: No reserved-memory node in the DT\\n[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(0) allocated [mem 0xbfffd9c0-0xbfffffff]\\n[ 0.000000] node 1 must be removed before remove section 23\\n[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:\\n[ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000ffffffff]\\n[ 0.000000] DMA32 empty\\n[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000013fffffff]\\n[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node\\n[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges\\n[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000bfffffff]\\n[ 0.000000] node 1: [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x000000013fffffff]\\n[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000bfffffff]\\n[ 0.000000] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000000000000a0\\n[ 0.000000] Mem abort info:\\n[ 0.000000] ESR = 0x0000000096000004\\n[ 0.000000] EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits\\n[ 0.000000] SET = 0, FnV = 0\\n[ 0.000000] EA = 0, S1PTW = 0\\n[ 0.000000] FSC = 0x04: level 0 translation fault\\n[ 0.000000] Data abort info:\\n[ 0.000000] ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000004, ISS2 = 0x00000000\\n[ 0.000000] CM = 0, WnR = 0, TnD = 0, TagAccess = 0\\n[ 0.000000] GCS = 0, Overlay = 0, DirtyBit = 0, Xs = 0\\n[ 0.000000] [00000000000000a0] user address but active_mm is swapper\\n[ 0.000000] Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000004 [#1] SMP\\n[ 0.000000] Modules linked in:\\n[ 0.000000] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 6.17.0-rc1-00001-g760c6dabf762-dirty #54 PREEMPT\\n[ 0.000000] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)\\n[ 0.000000] pstate: 800000c5 (Nzcv daIF -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)\\n[ 0.000000] pc : free_area_init+0x50c/0xf9c\\n[ 0.000000] lr : free_area_init+0x5c0/0xf9c\\n[ 0.000000] sp : ffffa02ca0f33c00\\n[ 0.000000] x29: ffffa02ca0f33cb0 x28: 0000000000000000 x27: 0000000000000000\\n[ 0.000000] x26: 4ec4ec4ec4ec4ec5 x25: 00000000000c0000 x24: 00000000000c0000\\n[ 0.000000] x23: 0000000000040000 x22: 0000000000000000 x21: ffffa02ca0f3b368\\n[ 0.000000] x20: ffffa02ca14c7b98 x19: 0000000000000000 x18: 0000000000000002\\n[ 0.000000] x17: 000000000000cacc x16: 0000000000000001 x15: 0000000000000001\\n[ 0.000000] x14: 0000000080000000 x13: 0000000000000018 x12: 0000000000000002\\n[ 0.0\\n---truncated---\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.46\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.12\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.16.6\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.12\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.17\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.12\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-11T21:38:38.180Z\"}}}",
"cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-39903\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-11T21:38:38.180Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-04-16T07:20:57.146Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-10-01T07:42:50.215Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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