CVE-2025-39889 (GCVE-0-2025-39889)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-24 11:02 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:05
VLAI
Title
Bluetooth: l2cap: Check encryption key size on incoming connection
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: l2cap: Check encryption key size on incoming connection This is required for passing GAP/SEC/SEM/BI-04-C PTS test case: Security Mode 4 Level 4, Responder - Invalid Encryption Key Size - 128 bit This tests the security key with size from 1 to 15 bytes while the Security Mode 4 Level 4 requests 16 bytes key size. Currently PTS fails with the following logs: - expected:Connection Response: Code: [3 (0x03)] Code Identifier: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt) Length: [8 (0x0008)] Destination CID: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt) Source CID: [64 (0x0040)] Result: [3 (0x0003)] Connection refused - Security block Status: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt), but received:Connection Response: Code: [3 (0x03)] Code Identifier: [1 (0x01)] Length: [8 (0x0008)] Destination CID: [64 (0x0040)] Source CID: [64 (0x0040)] Result: [0 (0x0000)] Connection Successful Status: [0 (0x0000)] No further information available And HCI logs: < HCI Command: Read Encrypti.. (0x05|0x0008) plen 2 Handle: 14 Address: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.) > HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 7 Read Encryption Key Size (0x05|0x0008) ncmd 1 Status: Success (0x00) Handle: 14 Address: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.) Key size: 7 > ACL Data RX: Handle 14 flags 0x02 dlen 12 L2CAP: Connection Request (0x02) ident 1 len 4 PSM: 4097 (0x1001) Source CID: 64 < ACL Data TX: Handle 14 flags 0x00 dlen 16 L2CAP: Connection Response (0x03) ident 1 len 8 Destination CID: 64 Source CID: 64 Result: Connection successful (0x0000) Status: No further information available (0x0000)
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-14 17:37 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-326 - Inadequate Encryption Strength
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 4f911a538e089cce808a15dc3277250f4f8daef9 , < ed503d340a501e414114ddc614a3aae4f6e9eae2 (git)
Affected: 288c06973daae4637f25a0d1bdaf65fdbf8455f9 , < 24b2cdfc16e9bd6ab3d03b8e01c590755bd3141f (git)
Affected: 288c06973daae4637f25a0d1bdaf65fdbf8455f9 , < c6d527bbd3d3896375079f5dbc8b7f96734a3ba5 (git)
Affected: 288c06973daae4637f25a0d1bdaf65fdbf8455f9 , < 9e3114958d87ea88383cbbf38c89e04b8ea1bce5 (git)
Affected: 288c06973daae4637f25a0d1bdaf65fdbf8455f9 , < d49798ecd26e0ee7995a7fc1e90ca5cd9b4402d6 (git)
Affected: 288c06973daae4637f25a0d1bdaf65fdbf8455f9 , < d4ca2fd218caafbf50e3343ba1260c6a23b5676a (git)
Affected: 288c06973daae4637f25a0d1bdaf65fdbf8455f9 , < 522e9ed157e3c21b4dd623c79967f72c21e45b78 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.11
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.11 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.181 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.135 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.88 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.25 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.14.4 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: l2cap: Check encryption key size on incoming connection\n\nThis is required for passing GAP/SEC/SEM/BI-04-C PTS test case:\n  Security Mode 4 Level 4, Responder - Invalid Encryption Key Size\n  - 128 bit\n\nThis tests the security key with size from 1 to 15 bytes while the\nSecurity Mode 4 Level 4 requests 16 bytes key size.\n\nCurrently PTS fails with the following logs:\n- expected:Connection Response:\n    Code: [3 (0x03)] Code\n    Identifier: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt)\n    Length: [8 (0x0008)]\n    Destination CID: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt)\n    Source CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n    Result: [3 (0x0003)] Connection refused - Security block\n    Status: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt),\nbut received:Connection Response:\n    Code: [3 (0x03)] Code\n    Identifier: [1 (0x01)]\n    Length: [8 (0x0008)]\n    Destination CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n    Source CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n    Result: [0 (0x0000)] Connection Successful\n    Status: [0 (0x0000)] No further information available\n\nAnd HCI logs:\n\u003c HCI Command: Read Encrypti.. (0x05|0x0008) plen 2\n        Handle: 14 Address: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.)\n\u003e HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 7\n      Read Encryption Key Size (0x05|0x0008) ncmd 1\n        Status: Success (0x00)\n        Handle: 14 Address: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.)\n        Key size: 7\n\u003e ACL Data RX: Handle 14 flags 0x02 dlen 12\n      L2CAP: Connection Request (0x02) ident 1 len 4\n        PSM: 4097 (0x1001)\n        Source CID: 64\n\u003c ACL Data TX: Handle 14 flags 0x00 dlen 16\n      L2CAP: Connection Response (0x03) ident 1 len 8\n        Destination CID: 64\n        Source CID: 64\n        Result: Connection successful (0x0000)\n        Status: No further information available (0x0000)"
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nBluetooth: l2cap: Verificar el tama\u00f1o de la clave de cifrado en la conexi\u00f3n entrante\n\nEsto es necesario para aprobar el caso de prueba GAP/SEC/SEM/BI-04-C PTS:\n  Modo de seguridad 4 Nivel 4, Respondedor - Tama\u00f1o de clave de cifrado no v\u00e1lido\n  - 128 bits\n\nEsto prueba la clave de seguridad con un tama\u00f1o de 1 a 15 bytes, mientras que el Modo de seguridad 4 Nivel 4 solicita un tama\u00f1o de clave de 16 bytes.\n\nActualmente, PTS falla con los siguientes registros:\n- esperado:Respuesta de conexi\u00f3n:\n    C\u00f3digo: [3 (0x03)] C\u00f3digo\n    Identificador: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt)\n    Longitud: [8 (0x0008)]\n    CID de destino: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt)\n    CID de origen: [64 (0x0040)]\n    Resultado: [3 (0x0003)] Conexi\u00f3n rechazada - Bloqueo de seguridad\n    Estado: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt),\npero recibido:Respuesta de conexi\u00f3n:\n    C\u00f3digo: [3 (0x03)] C\u00f3digo\n    Identificador: [1 (0x01)]\n    Longitud: [8 (0x0008)]\n    CID de destino: [64 (0x0040)]\n    CID de origen: [64 (0x0040)]\n    Resultado: [0 (0x0000)] Conexi\u00f3n exitosa\n    Estado: [0 (0x0000)] No hay m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n disponible\n\nY registros HCI:\n\u003c Comando HCI: Leer Cifrado.. (0x05|0x0008) plen 2\n        Handle: 14 Direcci\u00f3n: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.)\n\u003e Evento HCI: Comando Completado (0x0e) plen 7\n      Leer Tama\u00f1o de Clave de Cifrado (0x05|0x0008) ncmd 1\n        Estado: \u00c9xito (0x00)\n        Handle: 14 Direcci\u00f3n: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.)\n        Tama\u00f1o de clave: 7\n\u003e Datos ACL RX: Handle 14 flags 0x02 dlen 12\n      L2CAP: Solicitud de conexi\u00f3n (0x02) ident 1 len 4\n        PSM: 4097 (0x1001)\n        CID de origen: 64\n\u003c Datos ACL TX: Handle 14 flags 0x00 dlen 16\n      L2CAP: Respuesta de conexi\u00f3n (0x03) ident 1 len 8\n        CID de destino: 64\n        CID de origen: 64\n        Resultado: Conexi\u00f3n exitosa (0x0000)\n        Estado: No hay m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n disponible (0x0000)"
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-39889",
        "lastModified": "2026-09-26T00:10:00.127",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
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                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
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                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
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              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
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                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
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              },
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              "impactScore": 3.6,
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
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                "options": [
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                  {
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                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-01-14T17:37:06.505788Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
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        "published": "2025-09-24T11:15:32.780",
        "references": [
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            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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          },
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            "tags": [
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          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
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            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d4ca2fd218caafbf50e3343ba1260c6a23b5676a"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed503d340a501e414114ddc614a3aae4f6e9eae2"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-326"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          },
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-326"
              }
            ],
            "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-30T02:55:52+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-39889",
      "id": "CVE-2025-39889",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-09-24T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "232",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "42",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: Bluetooth: l2cap: Check encryption key size on incoming connection",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-39889.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "cvssV3_1": {
                  "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                  "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                  "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                  "baseScore": 5.5,
                  "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                  "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                  "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                  "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                  "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                  "userInteraction": "NONE",
                  "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
                  "version": "3.1"
                }
              },
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2025-39889",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2026-01-14T17:37:06.505788Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "problemTypes": [
              {
                "descriptions": [
                  {
                    "cweId": "CWE-326",
                    "description": "CWE-326 Inadequate Encryption Strength",
                    "lang": "en",
                    "type": "CWE"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2026-01-14T17:37:00.445Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThan": "ed503d340a501e414114ddc614a3aae4f6e9eae2",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4f911a538e089cce808a15dc3277250f4f8daef9",
                  "versionType": "git"
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                {
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                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "288c06973daae4637f25a0d1bdaf65fdbf8455f9",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "c6d527bbd3d3896375079f5dbc8b7f96734a3ba5",
                  "status": "affected",
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                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "9e3114958d87ea88383cbbf38c89e04b8ea1bce5",
                  "status": "affected",
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                  "versionType": "git"
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                  "lessThan": "d49798ecd26e0ee7995a7fc1e90ca5cd9b4402d6",
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                  "versionType": "git"
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                {
                  "lessThan": "d4ca2fd218caafbf50e3343ba1260c6a23b5676a",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "288c06973daae4637f25a0d1bdaf65fdbf8455f9",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "522e9ed157e3c21b4dd623c79967f72c21e45b78",
                  "status": "affected",
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                  "versionType": "git"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "defaultStatus": "affected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "5.11"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "5.11",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.15.181",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.1.135",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.6.88",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.12.25",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.14.4",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.15",
                  "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "cpeApplicability": [
            {
              "nodes": [
                {
                  "cpeMatch": [
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.181",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "5.11",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.135",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "5.11",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.88",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "5.11",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                    {
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                  "negate": false,
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          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: l2cap: Check encryption key size on incoming connection\n\nThis is required for passing GAP/SEC/SEM/BI-04-C PTS test case:\n  Security Mode 4 Level 4, Responder - Invalid Encryption Key Size\n  - 128 bit\n\nThis tests the security key with size from 1 to 15 bytes while the\nSecurity Mode 4 Level 4 requests 16 bytes key size.\n\nCurrently PTS fails with the following logs:\n- expected:Connection Response:\n    Code: [3 (0x03)] Code\n    Identifier: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt)\n    Length: [8 (0x0008)]\n    Destination CID: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt)\n    Source CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n    Result: [3 (0x0003)] Connection refused - Security block\n    Status: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt),\nbut received:Connection Response:\n    Code: [3 (0x03)] Code\n    Identifier: [1 (0x01)]\n    Length: [8 (0x0008)]\n    Destination CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n    Source CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n    Result: [0 (0x0000)] Connection Successful\n    Status: [0 (0x0000)] No further information available\n\nAnd HCI logs:\n\u003c HCI Command: Read Encrypti.. (0x05|0x0008) plen 2\n        Handle: 14 Address: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.)\n\u003e HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 7\n      Read Encryption Key Size (0x05|0x0008) ncmd 1\n        Status: Success (0x00)\n        Handle: 14 Address: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.)\n        Key size: 7\n\u003e ACL Data RX: Handle 14 flags 0x02 dlen 12\n      L2CAP: Connection Request (0x02) ident 1 len 4\n        PSM: 4097 (0x1001)\n        Source CID: 64\n\u003c ACL Data TX: Handle 14 flags 0x00 dlen 16\n      L2CAP: Connection Response (0x03) ident 1 len 8\n        Destination CID: 64\n        Source CID: 64\n        Result: Connection successful (0x0000)\n        Status: No further information available (0x0000)"
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "baseScore": 8.1,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              }
            }
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          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-04-02T08:39:32.702Z",
            "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "shortName": "Linux"
          },
          "references": [
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            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24b2cdfc16e9bd6ab3d03b8e01c590755bd3141f"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6d527bbd3d3896375079f5dbc8b7f96734a3ba5"
            },
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              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9e3114958d87ea88383cbbf38c89e04b8ea1bce5"
            },
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            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/522e9ed157e3c21b4dd623c79967f72c21e45b78"
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          ],
          "title": "Bluetooth: l2cap: Check encryption key size on incoming connection",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
          }
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      "cveMetadata": {
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        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-39889",
        "datePublished": "2025-09-24T11:02:51.036Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.145Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-02T08:39:32.702Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



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Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.