CVE-2025-38572 (GCVE-0-2025-38572)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-19 17:02 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ipv6: reject malicious packets in ipv6_gso_segment()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ipv6: reject malicious packets in ipv6_gso_segment()
syzbot was able to craft a packet with very long IPv6 extension headers
leading to an overflow of skb->transport_header.
This 16bit field has a limited range.
Add skb_reset_transport_header_careful() helper and use it
from ipv6_gso_segment()
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 5871 at ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 skb_reset_transport_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 [inline]
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 5871 at ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 ipv6_gso_segment+0x15e2/0x21e0 net/ipv6/ip6_offload.c:151
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5871 Comm: syz-executor211 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc6-syzkaller-g7abc678e3084 #0 PREEMPT(full)
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/12/2025
RIP: 0010:skb_reset_transport_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 [inline]
RIP: 0010:ipv6_gso_segment+0x15e2/0x21e0 net/ipv6/ip6_offload.c:151
Call Trace:
<TASK>
skb_mac_gso_segment+0x31c/0x640 net/core/gso.c:53
nsh_gso_segment+0x54a/0xe10 net/nsh/nsh.c:110
skb_mac_gso_segment+0x31c/0x640 net/core/gso.c:53
__skb_gso_segment+0x342/0x510 net/core/gso.c:124
skb_gso_segment include/net/gso.h:83 [inline]
validate_xmit_skb+0x857/0x11b0 net/core/dev.c:3950
validate_xmit_skb_list+0x84/0x120 net/core/dev.c:4000
sch_direct_xmit+0xd3/0x4b0 net/sched/sch_generic.c:329
__dev_xmit_skb net/core/dev.c:4102 [inline]
__dev_queue_xmit+0x17b6/0x3a70 net/core/dev.c:4679
Severity
7.8 (High)
Assigner
References
11 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
d1da932ed4ecad2a14cbcc01ed589d617d0f0f09 , < 5dc60b2a00ed7629214ac0c48e43f40af2078703
(git)
Affected: d1da932ed4ecad2a14cbcc01ed589d617d0f0f09 , < 3f638e0b28bde7c3354a0df938ab3a96739455d1 (git) Affected: d1da932ed4ecad2a14cbcc01ed589d617d0f0f09 , < 09ff062b89d8e48165247d677d1ca23d6d607e9b (git) Affected: d1da932ed4ecad2a14cbcc01ed589d617d0f0f09 , < de322cdf600fc9433845a9e944d1ca6b31cfb67e (git) Affected: d1da932ed4ecad2a14cbcc01ed589d617d0f0f09 , < ef05007b403dcc21e701cb1f30d4572ac0a9da20 (git) Affected: d1da932ed4ecad2a14cbcc01ed589d617d0f0f09 , < 5489e7fc6f8be3062f8cb7e49406de4bfd94db67 (git) Affected: d1da932ed4ecad2a14cbcc01ed589d617d0f0f09 , < 573b8250fc2554761db3bc2bbdbab23789d52d4e (git) Affected: d1da932ed4ecad2a14cbcc01ed589d617d0f0f09 , < ee851768e4b8371ce151fd446d24bf3ae2d18789 (git) Affected: d1da932ed4ecad2a14cbcc01ed589d617d0f0f09 , < d45cf1e7d7180256e17c9ce88e32e8061a7887fe (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
3.8
Unaffected: 0 , < 3.8 (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.297 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.241 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.190 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.148 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.102 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.42 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15.10 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16.1 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv6: reject malicious packets in ipv6_gso_segment()\n\nsyzbot was able to craft a packet with very long IPv6 extension headers\nleading to an overflow of skb-\u003etransport_header.\n\nThis 16bit field has a limited range.\n\nAdd skb_reset_transport_header_careful() helper and use it\nfrom ipv6_gso_segment()\n\nWARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 5871 at ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 skb_reset_transport_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 [inline]\nWARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 5871 at ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 ipv6_gso_segment+0x15e2/0x21e0 net/ipv6/ip6_offload.c:151\nModules linked in:\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5871 Comm: syz-executor211 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc6-syzkaller-g7abc678e3084 #0 PREEMPT(full)\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/12/2025\n RIP: 0010:skb_reset_transport_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 [inline]\n RIP: 0010:ipv6_gso_segment+0x15e2/0x21e0 net/ipv6/ip6_offload.c:151\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n skb_mac_gso_segment+0x31c/0x640 net/core/gso.c:53\n nsh_gso_segment+0x54a/0xe10 net/nsh/nsh.c:110\n skb_mac_gso_segment+0x31c/0x640 net/core/gso.c:53\n __skb_gso_segment+0x342/0x510 net/core/gso.c:124\n skb_gso_segment include/net/gso.h:83 [inline]\n validate_xmit_skb+0x857/0x11b0 net/core/dev.c:3950\n validate_xmit_skb_list+0x84/0x120 net/core/dev.c:4000\n sch_direct_xmit+0xd3/0x4b0 net/sched/sch_generic.c:329\n __dev_xmit_skb net/core/dev.c:4102 [inline]\n __dev_queue_xmit+0x17b6/0x3a70 net/core/dev.c:4679"
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"value": "AV:L - The overflow is in the transmit-side GSO segmentation path (`validate_xmit_skb` \u2192 `__skb_gso_segment` \u2192 `ipv6_gso_segment`), reached by locally injecting a crafted GSO skb via an `AF_PACKET`/`PACKET_VNET_HDR` socket or a tun/tap device. A \u003e64KB extension-header chain cannot be delivered in a single frame over any real link and GRO does not grow the header chain, so a purely remote packet cannot reach it.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the number and size of IPv6 extension headers, the linear-area size (`vnet_hdr.hdr_len`), the gso_type/gso_size and `csum_start`, so `skb-\u003edata - skb-\u003ehead` can be driven deterministically past 65535 and made to satisfy the `skb_checksum_start() != skb_transport_header()` guard in `tcp_gso_segment()`. No race, timing window, or memory grooming is involved.\nPR:L - A local socket is required, but `unshare -Urn` gives any unprivileged user CAP_NET_RAW and CAP_NET_ADMIN inside a fresh user+net namespace \u2014 enough to open an `AF_PACKET` socket, disable GSO offload on a veth/dummy, and transmit; the `IPV6_2292PKTOPTIONS` (64KB) plus `UDP_SEGMENT` route needs no capability at all.\nUI:N - The attacking process triggers the flaw entirely on its own by sending a packet; no victim action such as mounting, opening a file, or connecting is required.\nS:U - The truncated header offset and all resulting bad accesses stay inside the kernel\u0027s own security authority \u2014 no hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - `skb_transport_header()` is left pointing at an attacker-chosen wrong location and `skb_network_header_len()` wraps to a ~64K u16, so segmentation reads header fields and copies data from out-of-bounds/unintended offsets into the emitted segments, which are then transmitted on the wire \u2014 an unbounded disclosure primitive rather than a few strictly bounded bytes.\nI:H - The corrupted offset is propagated into every segment by `__copy_skb_header()`/`skb_headers_offset_update()` (u16 arithmetic that itself wraps), and the callbacks then write `th-\u003eseq`, `th-\u003echeck`, `th-\u003efin/psh/cwr`, `uh-\u003elen`, `uh-\u003echeck` and `*prevhdr` through it, giving attacker-directed writes at offsets the kernel never validated.\nA:H - The negative `skb_transport_offset()` flows into `skb_push()`/length computations in `skb_segment()`/`skb_segment_list()` where it can trip `skb_under_panic()`, each segment forces a \u003e64KB allocation, and on `CONFIG_DEBUG_NET`/`panic_on_warn` kernels the `WARN` in `skb_reset_transport_header()` panics outright \u2014 all repeatable at will from an unprivileged process."
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"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv6: reject malicious packets in ipv6_gso_segment()\n\nsyzbot was able to craft a packet with very long IPv6 extension headers\nleading to an overflow of skb-\u003etransport_header.\n\nThis 16bit field has a limited range.\n\nAdd skb_reset_transport_header_careful() helper and use it\nfrom ipv6_gso_segment()\n\nWARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 5871 at ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 skb_reset_transport_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 [inline]\nWARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 5871 at ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 ipv6_gso_segment+0x15e2/0x21e0 net/ipv6/ip6_offload.c:151\nModules linked in:\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5871 Comm: syz-executor211 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc6-syzkaller-g7abc678e3084 #0 PREEMPT(full)\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/12/2025\n RIP: 0010:skb_reset_transport_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 [inline]\n RIP: 0010:ipv6_gso_segment+0x15e2/0x21e0 net/ipv6/ip6_offload.c:151\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n skb_mac_gso_segment+0x31c/0x640 net/core/gso.c:53\n nsh_gso_segment+0x54a/0xe10 net/nsh/nsh.c:110\n skb_mac_gso_segment+0x31c/0x640 net/core/gso.c:53\n __skb_gso_segment+0x342/0x510 net/core/gso.c:124\n skb_gso_segment include/net/gso.h:83 [inline]\n validate_xmit_skb+0x857/0x11b0 net/core/dev.c:3950\n validate_xmit_skb_list+0x84/0x120 net/core/dev.c:4000\n sch_direct_xmit+0xd3/0x4b0 net/sched/sch_generic.c:329\n __dev_xmit_skb net/core/dev.c:4102 [inline]\n __dev_queue_xmit+0x17b6/0x3a70 net/core/dev.c:4679"
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: ipv6: rechazar paquetes maliciosos en ipv6_gso_segment(). syzbot pudo manipular un paquete con encabezados de extensi\u00f3n IPv6 muy largos, lo que provoc\u00f3 un desbordamiento de skb-\u0026gt;transport_header. Este campo de 16 bits tiene un alcance limitado. Agregue el asistente skb_reset_transport_header_careful() y \u00faselo desde ipv6_gso_segment() ADVERTENCIA: CPU: 0 PID: 5871 en ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 skb_reset_transport_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 [en l\u00ednea] ADVERTENCIA: CPU: 0 PID: 5871 en ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 ipv6_gso_segment+0x15e2/0x21e0 net/ipv6/ip6_offload.c:151 M\u00f3dulos vinculados: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5871 Comm: syz-executor211 No contaminado 6.16.0-rc6-syzkaller-g7abc678e3084 #0 PREEMPT(completo) Nombre del hardware: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 12/07/2025 RIP: 0010:skb_reset_transport_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3032 [en l\u00ednea] RIP: 0010:ipv6_gso_segment+0x15e2/0x21e0 net/ipv6/ip6_offload.c:151 Rastreo de llamadas: skb_mac_gso_segment+0x31c/0x640 net/core/gso.c:53 nsh_gso_segment+0x54a/0xe10 net/nsh/nsh.c:110 skb_mac_gso_segment+0x31c/0x640 net/core/gso.c:53 __skb_gso_segment+0x342/0x510 net/core/gso.c:124 skb_gso_segment include/net/gso.h:83 [inline] validate_xmit_skb+0x857/0x11b0 net/core/dev.c:3950 validate_xmit_skb_list+0x84/0x120 net/core/dev.c:4000 sch_direct_xmit+0xd3/0x4b0 net/sched/sch_generic.c:329 __dev_xmit_skb net/core/dev.c:4102 [inline] __dev_queue_xmit+0x17b6/0x3a70 net/core/dev.c:4679 "
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-38572",
"lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:23:27.373",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
},
{
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"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
},
"published": "2025-08-19T17:15:34.117",
"references": [
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
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],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/09ff062b89d8e48165247d677d1ca23d6d607e9b"
},
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},
{
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},
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},
{
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"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html"
},
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"tags": [
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}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-07-30T09:08:13+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-38572",
"id": "CVE-2025-38572",
"initial_release_date": "2025-08-19T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:fixed": "307",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "198",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: ipv6: reject malicious packets in ipv6_gso_segment()",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-38572.json",
"version": "3"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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