CVE-2025-38500 (GCVE-0-2025-38500)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-12 16:02 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
xfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
xfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface
collect_md property on xfrm interfaces can only be set on device creation,
thus xfrmi_changelink() should fail when called on such interfaces.
The check to enforce this was done only in the case where the xi was
returned from xfrmi_locate() which doesn't look for the collect_md
interface, and thus the validation was never reached.
Calling changelink would thus errornously place the special interface xi
in the xfrmi_net->xfrmi hash, but since it also exists in the
xfrmi_net->collect_md_xfrmi pointer it would lead to a double free when
the net namespace was taken down [1].
Change the check to use the xi from netdev_priv which is available earlier
in the function to prevent changes in xfrm collect_md interfaces.
[1] resulting oops:
[ 8.516540] kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12029!
[ 8.516552] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI
[ 8.516559] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 12 Comm: kworker/u80:0 Not tainted 6.15.0-virtme #5 PREEMPT(voluntary)
[ 8.516565] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014
[ 8.516569] Workqueue: netns cleanup_net
[ 8.516579] RIP: 0010:unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x101/0xab0
[ 8.516590] Code: 90 0f 0b 90 48 8b b0 78 01 00 00 48 8b 90 80 01 00 00 48 89 56 08 48 89 32 4c 89 80 78 01 00 00 48 89 b8 80 01 00 00 eb ac 90 <0f> 0b 48 8b 45 00 4c 8d a0 88 fe ff ff 48 39 c5 74 5c 41 80 bc 24
[ 8.516593] RSP: 0018:ffffa93b8006bd30 EFLAGS: 00010206
[ 8.516598] RAX: ffff98fe4226e000 RBX: ffffa93b8006bd58 RCX: ffffa93b8006bc60
[ 8.516601] RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: dead000000000122
[ 8.516603] RBP: ffffa93b8006bdd8 R08: dead000000000100 R09: ffff98fe4133c100
[ 8.516605] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 00000000000003d2 R12: ffffa93b8006be00
[ 8.516608] R13: ffffffff96c1a510 R14: ffffffff96c1a510 R15: ffffa93b8006be00
[ 8.516615] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff98fee73b7000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[ 8.516619] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[ 8.516622] CR2: 00007fcd2abd0700 CR3: 000000003aa40000 CR4: 0000000000752ef0
[ 8.516625] PKRU: 55555554
[ 8.516627] Call Trace:
[ 8.516632] <TASK>
[ 8.516635] ? rtnl_is_locked+0x15/0x20
[ 8.516641] ? unregister_netdevice_queue+0x29/0xf0
[ 8.516650] ops_undo_list+0x1f2/0x220
[ 8.516659] cleanup_net+0x1ad/0x2e0
[ 8.516664] process_one_work+0x160/0x380
[ 8.516673] worker_thread+0x2aa/0x3c0
[ 8.516679] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10
[ 8.516686] kthread+0xfb/0x200
[ 8.516690] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
[ 8.516693] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
[ 8.516697] ret_from_fork+0x82/0xf0
[ 8.516705] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
[ 8.516709] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
[ 8.516718] </TASK>
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-01 18:10 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
6 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0 , < a8d4748b954584ab7bd800f1a4e46d5b0eeb5ce4
(git)
Affected: abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0 , < bfebdb85496e1da21d3cf05de099210915c3e706 (git) Affected: abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0 , < 5918c3f4800a3aef2173865e5903370f21e24f47 (git) Affected: abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0 , < 69a31f7a6a81f5ffd3812c442e09ff0be22960f1 (git) Affected: abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0 , < a90b2a1aaacbcf0f91d7e4868ad6c51c5dee814b (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
6.1
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.1 (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.148 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.101 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.41 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15.9 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface\n\ncollect_md property on xfrm interfaces can only be set on device creation,\nthus xfrmi_changelink() should fail when called on such interfaces.\n\nThe check to enforce this was done only in the case where the xi was\nreturned from xfrmi_locate() which doesn\u0027t look for the collect_md\ninterface, and thus the validation was never reached.\n\nCalling changelink would thus errornously place the special interface xi\nin the xfrmi_net-\u003exfrmi hash, but since it also exists in the\nxfrmi_net-\u003ecollect_md_xfrmi pointer it would lead to a double free when\nthe net namespace was taken down [1].\n\nChange the check to use the xi from netdev_priv which is available earlier\nin the function to prevent changes in xfrm collect_md interfaces.\n\n[1] resulting oops:\n[ 8.516540] kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12029!\n[ 8.516552] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI\n[ 8.516559] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 12 Comm: kworker/u80:0 Not tainted 6.15.0-virtme #5 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n[ 8.516565] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014\n[ 8.516569] Workqueue: netns cleanup_net\n[ 8.516579] RIP: 0010:unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x101/0xab0\n[ 8.516590] Code: 90 0f 0b 90 48 8b b0 78 01 00 00 48 8b 90 80 01 00 00 48 89 56 08 48 89 32 4c 89 80 78 01 00 00 48 89 b8 80 01 00 00 eb ac 90 \u003c0f\u003e 0b 48 8b 45 00 4c 8d a0 88 fe ff ff 48 39 c5 74 5c 41 80 bc 24\n[ 8.516593] RSP: 0018:ffffa93b8006bd30 EFLAGS: 00010206\n[ 8.516598] RAX: ffff98fe4226e000 RBX: ffffa93b8006bd58 RCX: ffffa93b8006bc60\n[ 8.516601] RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: dead000000000122\n[ 8.516603] RBP: ffffa93b8006bdd8 R08: dead000000000100 R09: ffff98fe4133c100\n[ 8.516605] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 00000000000003d2 R12: ffffa93b8006be00\n[ 8.516608] R13: ffffffff96c1a510 R14: ffffffff96c1a510 R15: ffffa93b8006be00\n[ 8.516615] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff98fee73b7000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n[ 8.516619] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n[ 8.516622] CR2: 00007fcd2abd0700 CR3: 000000003aa40000 CR4: 0000000000752ef0\n[ 8.516625] PKRU: 55555554\n[ 8.516627] Call Trace:\n[ 8.516632] \u003cTASK\u003e\n[ 8.516635] ? rtnl_is_locked+0x15/0x20\n[ 8.516641] ? unregister_netdevice_queue+0x29/0xf0\n[ 8.516650] ops_undo_list+0x1f2/0x220\n[ 8.516659] cleanup_net+0x1ad/0x2e0\n[ 8.516664] process_one_work+0x160/0x380\n[ 8.516673] worker_thread+0x2aa/0x3c0\n[ 8.516679] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516686] kthread+0xfb/0x200\n[ 8.516690] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516693] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516697] ret_from_fork+0x82/0xf0\n[ 8.516705] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516709] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n[ 8.516718] \u003c/TASK\u003e"
}
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{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface\n\ncollect_md property on xfrm interfaces can only be set on device creation,\nthus xfrmi_changelink() should fail when called on such interfaces.\n\nThe check to enforce this was done only in the case where the xi was\nreturned from xfrmi_locate() which doesn\u0027t look for the collect_md\ninterface, and thus the validation was never reached.\n\nCalling changelink would thus errornously place the special interface xi\nin the xfrmi_net-\u003exfrmi hash, but since it also exists in the\nxfrmi_net-\u003ecollect_md_xfrmi pointer it would lead to a double free when\nthe net namespace was taken down [1].\n\nChange the check to use the xi from netdev_priv which is available earlier\nin the function to prevent changes in xfrm collect_md interfaces.\n\n[1] resulting oops:\n[ 8.516540] kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12029!\n[ 8.516552] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI\n[ 8.516559] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 12 Comm: kworker/u80:0 Not tainted 6.15.0-virtme #5 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n[ 8.516565] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014\n[ 8.516569] Workqueue: netns cleanup_net\n[ 8.516579] RIP: 0010:unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x101/0xab0\n[ 8.516590] Code: 90 0f 0b 90 48 8b b0 78 01 00 00 48 8b 90 80 01 00 00 48 89 56 08 48 89 32 4c 89 80 78 01 00 00 48 89 b8 80 01 00 00 eb ac 90 \u003c0f\u003e 0b 48 8b 45 00 4c 8d a0 88 fe ff ff 48 39 c5 74 5c 41 80 bc 24\n[ 8.516593] RSP: 0018:ffffa93b8006bd30 EFLAGS: 00010206\n[ 8.516598] RAX: ffff98fe4226e000 RBX: ffffa93b8006bd58 RCX: ffffa93b8006bc60\n[ 8.516601] RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: dead000000000122\n[ 8.516603] RBP: ffffa93b8006bdd8 R08: dead000000000100 R09: ffff98fe4133c100\n[ 8.516605] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 00000000000003d2 R12: ffffa93b8006be00\n[ 8.516608] R13: ffffffff96c1a510 R14: ffffffff96c1a510 R15: ffffa93b8006be00\n[ 8.516615] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff98fee73b7000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n[ 8.516619] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n[ 8.516622] CR2: 00007fcd2abd0700 CR3: 000000003aa40000 CR4: 0000000000752ef0\n[ 8.516625] PKRU: 55555554\n[ 8.516627] Call Trace:\n[ 8.516632] \u003cTASK\u003e\n[ 8.516635] ? rtnl_is_locked+0x15/0x20\n[ 8.516641] ? unregister_netdevice_queue+0x29/0xf0\n[ 8.516650] ops_undo_list+0x1f2/0x220\n[ 8.516659] cleanup_net+0x1ad/0x2e0\n[ 8.516664] process_one_work+0x160/0x380\n[ 8.516673] worker_thread+0x2aa/0x3c0\n[ 8.516679] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516686] kthread+0xfb/0x200\n[ 8.516690] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516693] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516697] ret_from_fork+0x82/0xf0\n[ 8.516705] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516709] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n[ 8.516718] \u003c/TASK\u003e"
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: xfrm: interfaz: se corrige el Use After Free despu\u00e9s de cambiar la propiedad collect_md de la interfaz xfrm. Las interfaces xfrm solo se pueden configurar al crear el dispositivo, por lo que xfrmi_changelink() deber\u00eda fallar al llamarse en dichas interfaces. La comprobaci\u00f3n para aplicar esto solo se realiz\u00f3 en el caso en que xi se devolviera desde xfrmi_locate(), que no busca la interfaz collect_md y, por lo tanto, nunca se alcanz\u00f3 la validaci\u00f3n. Llamar a changelink colocar\u00eda por error la interfaz especial xi en el hash xfrmi_net-\u0026gt;xfrmi, pero como tambi\u00e9n existe en el puntero xfrmi_net-\u0026gt;collect_md_xfrmi, provocar\u00eda una doble liberaci\u00f3n cuando se eliminara el espacio de nombres net [1]. Cambie la comprobaci\u00f3n para usar xi de netdev_priv, que est\u00e1 disponible anteriormente en la funci\u00f3n, para evitar cambios en las interfaces xfrm collect_md. [1] resulting oops: [ 8.516540] kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12029! [ 8.516552] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI [ 8.516559] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 12 Comm: kworker/u80:0 Not tainted 6.15.0-virtme #5 PREEMPT(voluntary) [ 8.516565] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014 [ 8.516569] Workqueue: netns cleanup_net [ 8.516579] RIP: 0010:unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x101/0xab0 [ 8.516590] Code: 90 0f 0b 90 48 8b b0 78 01 00 00 48 8b 90 80 01 00 00 48 89 56 08 48 89 32 4c 89 80 78 01 00 00 48 89 b8 80 01 00 00 eb ac 90 \u0026lt;0f\u0026gt; 0b 48 8b 45 00 4c 8d a0 88 fe ff ff 48 39 c5 74 5c 41 80 bc 24 [ 8.516593] RSP: 0018:ffffa93b8006bd30 EFLAGS: 00010206 [ 8.516598] RAX: ffff98fe4226e000 RBX: ffffa93b8006bd58 RCX: ffffa93b8006bc60 [ 8.516601] RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: dead000000000122 [ 8.516603] RBP: ffffa93b8006bdd8 R08: dead000000000100 R09: ffff98fe4133c100 [ 8.516605] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 00000000000003d2 R12: ffffa93b8006be00 [ 8.516608] R13: ffffffff96c1a510 R14: ffffffff96c1a510 R15: ffffa93b8006be00 [ 8.516615] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff98fee73b7000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 8.516619] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 8.516622] CR2: 00007fcd2abd0700 CR3: 000000003aa40000 CR4: 0000000000752ef0 [ 8.516625] PKRU: 55555554 [ 8.516627] Call Trace: [ 8.516632] [ 8.516635] ? rtnl_is_locked+0x15/0x20 [ 8.516641] ? unregister_netdevice_queue+0x29/0xf0 [ 8.516650] ops_undo_list+0x1f2/0x220 [ 8.516659] cleanup_net+0x1ad/0x2e0 [ 8.516664] process_one_work+0x160/0x380 [ 8.516673] worker_thread+0x2aa/0x3c0 [ 8.516679] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 [ 8.516686] kthread+0xfb/0x200 [ 8.516690] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 8.516693] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 8.516697] ret_from_fork+0x82/0xf0 [ 8.516705] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 8.516709] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 [ 8.516718] "
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-38500",
"lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:16:59.590",
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface\n\ncollect_md property on xfrm interfaces can only be set on device creation,\nthus xfrmi_changelink() should fail when called on such interfaces.\n\nThe check to enforce this was done only in the case where the xi was\nreturned from xfrmi_locate() which doesn\u0027t look for the collect_md\ninterface, and thus the validation was never reached.\n\nCalling changelink would thus errornously place the special interface xi\nin the xfrmi_net-\u003exfrmi hash, but since it also exists in the\nxfrmi_net-\u003ecollect_md_xfrmi pointer it would lead to a double free when\nthe net namespace was taken down [1].\n\nChange the check to use the xi from netdev_priv which is available earlier\nin the function to prevent changes in xfrm collect_md interfaces.\n\n[1] resulting oops:\n[ 8.516540] kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12029!\n[ 8.516552] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI\n[ 8.516559] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 12 Comm: kworker/u80:0 Not tainted 6.15.0-virtme #5 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n[ 8.516565] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014\n[ 8.516569] Workqueue: netns cleanup_net\n[ 8.516579] RIP: 0010:unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x101/0xab0\n[ 8.516590] Code: 90 0f 0b 90 48 8b b0 78 01 00 00 48 8b 90 80 01 00 00 48 89 56 08 48 89 32 4c 89 80 78 01 00 00 48 89 b8 80 01 00 00 eb ac 90 \u003c0f\u003e 0b 48 8b 45 00 4c 8d a0 88 fe ff ff 48 39 c5 74 5c 41 80 bc 24\n[ 8.516593] RSP: 0018:ffffa93b8006bd30 EFLAGS: 00010206\n[ 8.516598] RAX: ffff98fe4226e000 RBX: ffffa93b8006bd58 RCX: ffffa93b8006bc60\n[ 8.516601] RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: dead000000000122\n[ 8.516603] RBP: ffffa93b8006bdd8 R08: dead000000000100 R09: ffff98fe4133c100\n[ 8.516605] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 00000000000003d2 R12: ffffa93b8006be00\n[ 8.516608] R13: ffffffff96c1a510 R14: ffffffff96c1a510 R15: ffffa93b8006be00\n[ 8.516615] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff98fee73b7000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n[ 8.516619] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n[ 8.516622] CR2: 00007fcd2abd0700 CR3: 000000003aa40000 CR4: 0000000000752ef0\n[ 8.516625] PKRU: 55555554\n[ 8.516627] Call Trace:\n[ 8.516632] \u003cTASK\u003e\n[ 8.516635] ? rtnl_is_locked+0x15/0x20\n[ 8.516641] ? unregister_netdevice_queue+0x29/0xf0\n[ 8.516650] ops_undo_list+0x1f2/0x220\n[ 8.516659] cleanup_net+0x1ad/0x2e0\n[ 8.516664] process_one_work+0x160/0x380\n[ 8.516673] worker_thread+0x2aa/0x3c0\n[ 8.516679] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516686] kthread+0xfb/0x200\n[ 8.516690] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516693] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516697] ret_from_fork+0x82/0xf0\n[ 8.516705] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516709] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n[ 8.516718] \u003c/TASK\u003e"
}
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{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5918c3f4800a3aef2173865e5903370f21e24f47"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/69a31f7a6a81f5ffd3812c442e09ff0be22960f1"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a90b2a1aaacbcf0f91d7e4868ad6c51c5dee814b"
}
],
"title": "xfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-38500",
"datePublished": "2025-08-12T16:02:42.363Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.022Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-04T14:29:22.522Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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