CVE-2025-0938 (GCVE-0-2025-0938)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-31 17:51 – Updated: 2026-07-31 14:05
VLAI
Title
URL parser allowed square brackets in domain names
Summary
The Python standard library functions `urllib.parse.urlsplit` and `urlparse` accepted domain names that included square brackets which isn't valid according to RFC 3986. Square brackets are only meant to be used as delimiters for specifying IPv6 and IPvFuture hosts in URLs. This could result in differential parsing across the Python URL parser and other specification-compliant URL parsers.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-31 18:50 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
Assigner
PSF CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 80/100 over 30 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Python Software Foundation CPython Affected: 0 , < 3.9.22 (python)
Affected: 3.10.0 , < 3.10.17 (python)
Affected: 3.11.0 , < 3.11.12 (python)
Affected: 3.12.0 , < 3.12.9 (python)
Affected: 3.13.0 , < 3.13.2 (python)
Affected: 3.14.0a1 , < 3.14.0a5 (python)
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              "tags": [
                "vendor-advisory"
              ],
              "url": "https://mail.python.org/archives/list/security-announce@python.org/thread/K4EUG6EKV6JYFIC24BASYOZS4M5XOQIB/"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/d89a5f6a6e65511a5f6e0618c4c30a7aa5aba56a"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
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              "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/90e526ae67b172ed7c6c56e7edad36263b0f9403"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
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              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/a7084f6075c9595ba60119ce8c62f1496f50c568"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/526617ed68cde460236c973e5d0a8bad4de896ba"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/b8b4b713c5f8ec0958c7ef8d29d6711889bc94ab"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/ff4e5c25666f63544071a6b075ae8b25c98b7a32"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
          },
          "title": "URL parser allowed square brackets in domain names",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "28c92f92-d60d-412d-b760-e73465c3df22",
        "assignerShortName": "PSF",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-0938",
        "datePublished": "2025-01-31T17:51:35.898Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-01-31T17:45:10.107Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-31T14:05:21.438Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.