CVE-2024-53176 (GCVE-0-2024-53176)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-27 13:49 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:44
VLAI
Title
smb: During unmount, ensure all cached dir instances drop their dentry
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: During unmount, ensure all cached dir instances drop their dentry The unmount process (cifs_kill_sb() calling close_all_cached_dirs()) can race with various cached directory operations, which ultimately results in dentries not being dropped and these kernel BUGs: BUG: Dentry ffff88814f37e358{i=1000000000080,n=/} still in use (2) [unmount of cifs cifs] VFS: Busy inodes after unmount of cifs (cifs) ------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at fs/super.c:661! This happens when a cfid is in the process of being cleaned up when, and has been removed from the cfids->entries list, including: - Receiving a lease break from the server - Server reconnection triggers invalidate_all_cached_dirs(), which removes all the cfids from the list - The laundromat thread decides to expire an old cfid. To solve these problems, dropping the dentry is done in queued work done in a newly-added cfid_put_wq workqueue, and close_all_cached_dirs() flushes that workqueue after it drops all the dentries of which it's aware. This is a global workqueue (rather than scoped to a mount), but the queued work is minimal. The final cleanup work for cleaning up a cfid is performed via work queued in the serverclose_wq workqueue; this is done separate from dropping the dentries so that close_all_cached_dirs() doesn't block on any server operations. Both of these queued works expect to invoked with a cfid reference and a tcon reference to avoid those objects from being freed while the work is ongoing. While we're here, add proper locking to close_all_cached_dirs(), and locking around the freeing of cfid->dentry.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: ebe98f1447bbccf8228335c62d86af02a0ed23f7 , < 73934e535cffbda1490fa97d82690a0f9aa73e94 (git)
Affected: ebe98f1447bbccf8228335c62d86af02a0ed23f7 , < ff4528bbc82d0d90073751f7b49e7b9e9c7e5638 (git)
Affected: ebe98f1447bbccf8228335c62d86af02a0ed23f7 , < 548812afd96982a76a93ba76c0582ea670c40d9e (git)
Affected: ebe98f1447bbccf8228335c62d86af02a0ed23f7 , < 3fa640d035e5ae526769615c35cb9ed4be6e3662 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 6.1
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.1 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.64 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.11.11 , ≤ 6.11.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.2 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.13 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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              "value": "AV:N - The teardown side of the race is driven entirely by SMB traffic from the remote server over TCP/445 \u2014 an unsolicited SMB2 lease-break packet reaches `cached_dir_lease_break()` from `cifs_demultiplex_thread()`, and a dropped connection or `STATUS_NETWORK_NAME_DELETED` forces `invalidate_all_cached_dirs()`. A malicious, compromised, DFS-redirected, or on-path SMB server thus triggers the vulnerable window remotely.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls one side of the race and can hold it open indefinitely \u2014 flooding lease breaks for every cached dir (default up to `max_cached_dirs`) or keeping the client in a reconnect loop leaves cfids off `cfids-\u003eentries` with dentries still held for a workqueue round-trip, while the unmount side is a routine, endlessly repeated event (autofs/systemd idle unmounts, container teardown, shutdown). No memory grooming, no non-default config (`dir_cache_timeout` defaults to 30), and unlimited retries across every client.\nPR:N - The malicious SMB server needs no credentials or privileges on the victim client; the client authenticates to the server, not the reverse, and lease-break frames are processed by the demux thread with no client-side authorization. Without enforced signing an off-path/on-path attacker can inject the break frames just as well.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed \u2014 the mount pre-exists, lease breaks and reconnect-driven invalidation are handled automatically by the kernel, and the racing unmount occurs unattended via automount idle timeouts, container/pod teardown, or system shutdown.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to the cifs client\u0027s own kernel objects (cached_fid, dentry, superblock) within the kernel\u0027s security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The unlocked walk of `cfids-\u003eentries` races with `list_del()` plus `kfree(cfid)` in `free_cached_dir()`, so the unmount path dereferences a freed (and potentially reallocated) cached_fid and follows attacker-influenced pointers; combined with the dentry refcount underflow from the double `dput()`, this yields a use-after-free on dentry-cache objects leveragable for kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - The race produces a double `dput()` of the same `cfid-\u003edentry` (the fix adds `fid_lock` around every read/clear of it), underflowing the dentry lockref and freeing a live dentry \u2014 a classic UAF write primitive via the dentry slab and its `d_op` vtable \u2014 plus a NULL store into an already-freed cached_fid object.\nA:H - The reported outcome is an outright kernel BUG \u2014 \"Dentry still in use\", \"VFS: Busy inodes after unmount\", and `BUG at fs/super.c` via `CHECK_DATA_CORRUPTION` \u2014 with surviving inodes poisoned by `VFS_PTR_POISON` and deferred `dput()`s touching a freed superblock, guaranteeing a panic or later oops."
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            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsmb: During unmount, ensure all cached dir instances drop their dentry\n\nThe unmount process (cifs_kill_sb() calling close_all_cached_dirs()) can\nrace with various cached directory operations, which ultimately results\nin dentries not being dropped and these kernel BUGs:\n\nBUG: Dentry ffff88814f37e358{i=1000000000080,n=/}  still in use (2) [unmount of cifs cifs]\nVFS: Busy inodes after unmount of cifs (cifs)\n------------[ cut here ]------------\nkernel BUG at fs/super.c:661!\n\nThis happens when a cfid is in the process of being cleaned up when, and\nhas been removed from the cfids-\u003eentries list, including:\n\n- Receiving a lease break from the server\n- Server reconnection triggers invalidate_all_cached_dirs(), which\n  removes all the cfids from the list\n- The laundromat thread decides to expire an old cfid.\n\nTo solve these problems, dropping the dentry is done in queued work done\nin a newly-added cfid_put_wq workqueue, and close_all_cached_dirs()\nflushes that workqueue after it drops all the dentries of which it\u0027s\naware. This is a global workqueue (rather than scoped to a mount), but\nthe queued work is minimal.\n\nThe final cleanup work for cleaning up a cfid is performed via work\nqueued in the serverclose_wq workqueue; this is done separate from\ndropping the dentries so that close_all_cached_dirs() doesn\u0027t block on\nany server operations.\n\nBoth of these queued works expect to invoked with a cfid reference and\na tcon reference to avoid those objects from being freed while the work\nis ongoing.\n\nWhile we\u0027re here, add proper locking to close_all_cached_dirs(), and\nlocking around the freeing of cfid-\u003edentry."
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            "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: smb: Durante el desmontaje, asegurarse de que todas las instancias de directorio en cach\u00e9 eliminen su dentry El proceso de desmontaje (cifs_kill_sb() llamando a close_all_cached_dirs()) puede competir con varias operaciones de directorio en cach\u00e9, lo que en \u00faltima instancia da como resultado que no se eliminen los dentries y estos ERRORES del kernel: ERROR: Dentry ffff88814f37e358{i=1000000000080,n=/} todav\u00eda en uso (2) [desmontaje de cifs cifs] VFS: Inodos ocupados despu\u00e9s del desmontaje de cifs (cifs) ------------[ corte aqu\u00ed ]------------ \u00a1ERROR del kernel en fs/super.c:661! Esto sucede cuando un cfid est\u00e1 en proceso de desinfecci\u00f3n y se ha eliminado de la lista cfids-\u0026gt;entries, lo que incluye: - Recibir una interrupci\u00f3n de arrendamiento del servidor - La reconexi\u00f3n del servidor activa invalidate_all_cached_dirs(), que elimina todos los cfids de la lista - El hilo de la lavander\u00eda decide hacer caducar un cfid antiguo. Para resolver estos problemas, se elimina el dentry en el trabajo en cola realizado en una cola de trabajo cfid_put_wq reci\u00e9n agregada, y close_all_cached_dirs() vac\u00eda esa cola de trabajo despu\u00e9s de eliminar todos los dentries de los que tiene conocimiento. Esta es una cola de trabajo global (en lugar de tener un alcance de montaje), pero el trabajo en cola es m\u00ednimo. El trabajo de desinfecci\u00f3n final para limpiar un cfid se realiza a trav\u00e9s del trabajo en cola en la cola de trabajo serverclose_wq; esto se hace por separado de la eliminaci\u00f3n de los dentries para que close_all_cached_dirs() no bloquee ninguna operaci\u00f3n del servidor. Se espera que ambos trabajos en cola se invoquen con una referencia cfid y una referencia tcon para evitar que esos objetos se liberen mientras el trabajo est\u00e1 en curso. Mientras estamos aqu\u00ed, agregue un bloqueo adecuado a close_all_cached_dirs() y un bloqueo alrededor de la liberaci\u00f3n de cfid-\u0026gt;dentry."
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        "id": "CVE-2024-53176",
        "lastModified": "2026-08-04T11:22:01.380",
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        "published": "2024-12-27T14:15:24.947",
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          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73934e535cffbda1490fa97d82690a0f9aa73e94"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff4528bbc82d0d90073751f7b49e7b9e9c7e5638"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-28T09:05:54+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2024-53176",
      "id": "CVE-2024-53176",
      "initial_release_date": "2024-12-27T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "305",
      "product_status:known_affected": "22",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "166",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: smb: During unmount, ensure all cached dir instances drop their dentry",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2024/cve-2024-53176.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.