CVE-2024-42096 (GCVE-0-2024-42096)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-29 17:39 – Updated: 2026-10-15 00:47
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
x86: stop playing stack games in profile_pc()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
x86: stop playing stack games in profile_pc()
The 'profile_pc()' function is used for timer-based profiling, which
isn't really all that relevant any more to begin with, but it also ends
up making assumptions based on the stack layout that aren't necessarily
valid.
Basically, the code tries to account the time spent in spinlocks to the
caller rather than the spinlock, and while I support that as a concept,
it's not worth the code complexity or the KASAN warnings when no serious
profiling is done using timers anyway these days.
And the code really does depend on stack layout that is only true in the
simplest of cases. We've lost the comment at some point (I think when
the 32-bit and 64-bit code was unified), but it used to say:
Assume the lock function has either no stack frame or a copy
of eflags from PUSHF.
which explains why it just blindly loads a word or two straight off the
stack pointer and then takes a minimal look at the values to just check
if they might be eflags or the return pc:
Eflags always has bits 22 and up cleared unlike kernel addresses
but that basic stack layout assumption assumes that there isn't any lock
debugging etc going on that would complicate the code and cause a stack
frame.
It causes KASAN unhappiness reported for years by syzkaller [1] and
others [2].
With no real practical reason for this any more, just remove the code.
Just for historical interest, here's some background commits relating to
this code from 2006:
0cb91a229364 ("i386: Account spinlocks to the caller during profiling for !FP kernels")
31679f38d886 ("Simplify profile_pc on x86-64")
and a code unification from 2009:
ef4512882dbe ("x86: time_32/64.c unify profile_pc")
but the basics of this thing actually goes back to before the git tree.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-10 16:18 UTC
Assigner
References
11 references
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 65ebdde16e7f5da99dbf8a548fb635837d78384e
(git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 27c3be840911b15a3f24ed623f86153c825b6b29 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 49c09ca35a5f521d7fa18caf62fdf378f15e8aa4 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 2d07fea561d64357fb7b3f3751e653bf20306d77 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 161cef818545ecf980f0e2ebaf8ba7326ce53c2b (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 16222beb9f8e5ceb0beeb5cbe54bef16df501a92 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < a3b65c8cbc139bfce9541bc81c1bb766e5ba3f68 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 093d9603b60093a9aaae942db56107f6432a5dca (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
2.6.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.12 (semver) Unaffected: 4.19.317 , ≤ 4.19.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.279 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.221 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.162 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.97 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.37 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.9.8 , ≤ 6.9.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.10 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.0 , < V3.1.5
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.0 , < V3.1.5
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem |
Affected:
0 , < V1.1.1
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.0 , < V3.1.5
(custom)
|
guessed |
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"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "2d07fea561d64357fb7b3f3751e653bf20306d77",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "161cef818545ecf980f0e2ebaf8ba7326ce53c2b",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "16222beb9f8e5ceb0beeb5cbe54bef16df501a92",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "a3b65c8cbc139bfce9541bc81c1bb766e5ba3f68",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "093d9603b60093a9aaae942db56107f6432a5dca",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"arch/x86/kernel/time.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.6.12"
},
{
"lessThan": "2.6.12",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "4.19.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "4.19.317",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.4.279",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.10.221",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.162",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.97",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.37",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.9.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.9.8",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.10",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "4.19.317",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.4.279",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.10.221",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.15.162",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.97",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.37",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.9.8",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.10",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nx86: stop playing stack games in profile_pc()\n\nThe \u0027profile_pc()\u0027 function is used for timer-based profiling, which\nisn\u0027t really all that relevant any more to begin with, but it also ends\nup making assumptions based on the stack layout that aren\u0027t necessarily\nvalid.\n\nBasically, the code tries to account the time spent in spinlocks to the\ncaller rather than the spinlock, and while I support that as a concept,\nit\u0027s not worth the code complexity or the KASAN warnings when no serious\nprofiling is done using timers anyway these days.\n\nAnd the code really does depend on stack layout that is only true in the\nsimplest of cases. We\u0027ve lost the comment at some point (I think when\nthe 32-bit and 64-bit code was unified), but it used to say:\n\n\tAssume the lock function has either no stack frame or a copy\n\tof eflags from PUSHF.\n\nwhich explains why it just blindly loads a word or two straight off the\nstack pointer and then takes a minimal look at the values to just check\nif they might be eflags or the return pc:\n\n\tEflags always has bits 22 and up cleared unlike kernel addresses\n\nbut that basic stack layout assumption assumes that there isn\u0027t any lock\ndebugging etc going on that would complicate the code and cause a stack\nframe.\n\nIt causes KASAN unhappiness reported for years by syzkaller [1] and\nothers [2].\n\nWith no real practical reason for this any more, just remove the code.\n\nJust for historical interest, here\u0027s some background commits relating to\nthis code from 2006:\n\n 0cb91a229364 (\"i386: Account spinlocks to the caller during profiling for !FP kernels\")\n 31679f38d886 (\"Simplify profile_pc on x86-64\")\n\nand a code unification from 2009:\n\n ef4512882dbe (\"x86: time_32/64.c unify profile_pc\")\n\nbut the basics of this thing actually goes back to before the git tree."
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T20:26:55.182Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/65ebdde16e7f5da99dbf8a548fb635837d78384e"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/27c3be840911b15a3f24ed623f86153c825b6b29"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/49c09ca35a5f521d7fa18caf62fdf378f15e8aa4"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2d07fea561d64357fb7b3f3751e653bf20306d77"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/161cef818545ecf980f0e2ebaf8ba7326ce53c2b"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/16222beb9f8e5ceb0beeb5cbe54bef16df501a92"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a3b65c8cbc139bfce9541bc81c1bb766e5ba3f68"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/093d9603b60093a9aaae942db56107f6432a5dca"
}
],
"title": "x86: stop playing stack games in profile_pc()",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-42096",
"datePublished": "2024-07-29T17:39:31.620Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-07-29T15:50:41.173Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T00:47:52.702Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
How durations are calculated
Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.
Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.