CVE-2023-54098 (GCVE-0-2023-54098)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-24 13:06 – Updated: 2026-10-15 21:41
VLAI
Title
drm/i915/gvt: fix gvt debugfs destroy
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/i915/gvt: fix gvt debugfs destroy When gvt debug fs is destroyed, need to have a sane check if drm minor's debugfs root is still available or not, otherwise in case like device remove through unbinding, drm minor's debugfs directory has already been removed, then intel_gvt_debugfs_clean() would act upon dangling pointer like below oops. i915 0000:00:02.0: Direct firmware load for i915/gvt/vid_0x8086_did_0x1926_rid_0x0a.golden_hw_state failed with error -2 i915 0000:00:02.0: MDEV: Registered Console: switching to colour dummy device 80x25 i915 0000:00:02.0: MDEV: Unregistering BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000000000000a0 PGD 0 P4D 0 Oops: 0002 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI CPU: 2 PID: 2486 Comm: gfx-unbind.sh Tainted: G I 6.1.0-rc8+ #15 Hardware name: Dell Inc. XPS 13 9350/0JXC1H, BIOS 1.13.0 02/10/2020 RIP: 0010:down_write+0x1f/0x90 Code: 1d ff ff 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 53 48 89 fb e8 62 c0 ff ff bf 01 00 00 00 e8 28 5e 31 ff 31 c0 ba 01 00 00 00 <f0> 48 0f b1 13 75 33 65 48 8b 04 25 c0 bd 01 00 48 89 43 08 bf 01 RSP: 0018:ffff9eb3036ffcc8 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 00000000000000a0 RCX: ffffff8100000000 RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000064 RDI: ffffffffa48787a8 RBP: ffff9eb3036ffd30 R08: ffffeb1fc45a0608 R09: ffffeb1fc45a05c0 R10: 0000000000000002 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: ffff91acc33fa328 R14: ffff91acc033f080 R15: ffff91acced533e0 FS: 00007f6947bba740(0000) GS:ffff91ae36d00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00000000000000a0 CR3: 00000001133a2002 CR4: 00000000003706e0 Call Trace: <TASK> simple_recursive_removal+0x9f/0x2a0 ? start_creating.part.0+0x120/0x120 ? _raw_spin_lock+0x13/0x40 debugfs_remove+0x40/0x60 intel_gvt_debugfs_clean+0x15/0x30 [kvmgt] intel_gvt_clean_device+0x49/0xe0 [kvmgt] intel_gvt_driver_remove+0x2f/0xb0 i915_driver_remove+0xa4/0xf0 i915_pci_remove+0x1a/0x30 pci_device_remove+0x33/0xa0 device_release_driver_internal+0x1b2/0x230 unbind_store+0xe0/0x110 kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x11b/0x1f0 vfs_write+0x203/0x3d0 ksys_write+0x63/0xe0 do_syscall_64+0x37/0x90 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd RIP: 0033:0x7f6947cb5190 Code: 40 00 48 8b 15 71 9c 0d 00 f7 d8 64 89 02 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff eb b7 0f 1f 00 80 3d 51 24 0e 00 00 74 17 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 58 c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 48 83 ec 28 48 89 RSP: 002b:00007ffcbac45a28 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000000000000000d RCX: 00007f6947cb5190 RDX: 000000000000000d RSI: 0000555e35c866a0 RDI: 0000000000000001 RBP: 0000555e35c866a0 R08: 0000000000000002 R09: 0000555e358cb97c R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000001 R13: 000000000000000d R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000555e358cb8e0 </TASK> Modules linked in: kvmgt CR2: 00000000000000a0 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 21:38 UTC
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6641 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da , < bb7c7b2c89d2feb347b6f9bffc1c75987adb1048 (git)
Affected: bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da , < ae9a61511736cc71a99f01e8b7b90f6fb6128ed8 (git)
Affected: bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da , < b85c8536fda3d1ed07c6d87a661ffe18d6eb214b (git)
Affected: bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da , < fe340500baf84b6531c9fc508b167525b9bf6446 (git)
Affected: bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da , < c4b850d1f448a901fbf4f7f36dec38c84009b489 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.16
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.16 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.163 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.87 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.0.19 , ≤ 6.0.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.5 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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                "id": "CVE-2023-54098",
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                "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:38:29.510332Z",
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/i915/gvt: fix gvt debugfs destroy\n\nWhen gvt debug fs is destroyed, need to have a sane check if drm\nminor\u0027s debugfs root is still available or not, otherwise in case like\ndevice remove through unbinding, drm minor\u0027s debugfs directory has\nalready been removed, then intel_gvt_debugfs_clean() would act upon\ndangling pointer like below oops.\n\ni915 0000:00:02.0: Direct firmware load for i915/gvt/vid_0x8086_did_0x1926_rid_0x0a.golden_hw_state failed with error -2\ni915 0000:00:02.0: MDEV: Registered\nConsole: switching to colour dummy device 80x25\ni915 0000:00:02.0: MDEV: Unregistering\nBUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000000000000a0\nPGD 0 P4D 0\nOops: 0002 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI\nCPU: 2 PID: 2486 Comm: gfx-unbind.sh Tainted: G          I        6.1.0-rc8+ #15\nHardware name: Dell Inc. XPS 13 9350/0JXC1H, BIOS 1.13.0 02/10/2020\nRIP: 0010:down_write+0x1f/0x90\nCode: 1d ff ff 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 53 48 89 fb e8 62 c0 ff ff bf 01 00 00 00 e8 28 5e 31 ff 31 c0 ba 01 00 00 00 \u003cf0\u003e 48 0f b1 13 75 33 65 48 8b 04 25 c0 bd 01 00 48 89 43 08 bf 01\nRSP: 0018:ffff9eb3036ffcc8 EFLAGS: 00010246\nRAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 00000000000000a0 RCX: ffffff8100000000\nRDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000064 RDI: ffffffffa48787a8\nRBP: ffff9eb3036ffd30 R08: ffffeb1fc45a0608 R09: ffffeb1fc45a05c0\nR10: 0000000000000002 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000\nR13: ffff91acc33fa328 R14: ffff91acc033f080 R15: ffff91acced533e0\nFS:  00007f6947bba740(0000) GS:ffff91ae36d00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\nCS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\nCR2: 00000000000000a0 CR3: 00000001133a2002 CR4: 00000000003706e0\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n simple_recursive_removal+0x9f/0x2a0\n ? start_creating.part.0+0x120/0x120\n ? _raw_spin_lock+0x13/0x40\n debugfs_remove+0x40/0x60\n intel_gvt_debugfs_clean+0x15/0x30 [kvmgt]\n intel_gvt_clean_device+0x49/0xe0 [kvmgt]\n intel_gvt_driver_remove+0x2f/0xb0\n i915_driver_remove+0xa4/0xf0\n i915_pci_remove+0x1a/0x30\n pci_device_remove+0x33/0xa0\n device_release_driver_internal+0x1b2/0x230\n unbind_store+0xe0/0x110\n kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x11b/0x1f0\n vfs_write+0x203/0x3d0\n ksys_write+0x63/0xe0\n do_syscall_64+0x37/0x90\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd\nRIP: 0033:0x7f6947cb5190\nCode: 40 00 48 8b 15 71 9c 0d 00 f7 d8 64 89 02 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff eb b7 0f 1f 00 80 3d 51 24 0e 00 00 74 17 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 \u003c48\u003e 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 58 c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 48 83 ec 28 48 89\nRSP: 002b:00007ffcbac45a28 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001\nRAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000000000000000d RCX: 00007f6947cb5190\nRDX: 000000000000000d RSI: 0000555e35c866a0 RDI: 0000000000000001\nRBP: 0000555e35c866a0 R08: 0000000000000002 R09: 0000555e358cb97c\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000001\nR13: 000000000000000d R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000555e358cb8e0\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\nModules linked in: kvmgt\nCR2: 00000000000000a0\n---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---"
        }
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is reached only through a local sysfs write to /sys/bus/pci/drivers/i915/unbind (or module unload), i.e. a local `write()` syscall on the host; there is no network or guest-facing entry point into `intel_gvt_debugfs_clean()`.\nAC:L - The dangling-pointer condition is deterministic \u2014 every i915 unbind on a GVT-enabled device frees the drm minor\u0027s debugfs tree before `intel_gvt_debugfs_clean()` reuses the stale `gvt-\u003edebugfs_root`, with no race to win. The intervening `synchronize_rcu()`/`i915_gem_suspend()` guarantees the dentry is back on the slab freelist, and dentry-cache grooming is fully under the attacker\u0027s control.\nPR:L - The unprivileged local attacker supplies the exploitation half \u2014 spraying `dentry_cache` so the freed \"gvt\" dentry slot holds attacker-controlled `d_inode`/`d_subdirs` data before `simple_recursive_removal()` walks it; only the unbind trigger itself sits behind CAP_SYS_ADMIN, so the attacker needs no more than basic local access.\nUI:R - The freeing action is initiated by an administrator performing an i915 driver unbind or module removal \u2014 a routine GVT-g host maintenance operation (the reporter\u0027s own trace shows `gfx-unbind.sh`) \u2014 which the unprivileged attacker cannot invoke directly.\nS:U - The corruption occurs in host kernel memory and yields host kernel privileges; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed, so the vulnerable component and impacted component share the same security authority.\nC:H - Use-after-free on a `dentry` whose slot can be reoccupied by attacker-controlled data; `simple_recursive_removal()` dereferences `this-\u003ed_inode` and walks the `d_subdirs` list from that reused object, which can be steered into disclosing arbitrary kernel memory.\nI:H - The stale-dentry walk performs `dget()` (refcount write into the reallocated object), `inode_lock()` on an attacker-supplied inode pointer, and `dput()` on pointers read out of the reused slab slot \u2014 a write-and-free primitive suitable for heap corruption and control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Even without grooming, the bug reliably produces a kernel oops in `down_write()`/`simple_recursive_removal()` (`BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0x00000000000000a0`), killing the unbind task with locks held and leaving the machine in a broken state."
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      "title": "drm/i915/gvt: fix gvt debugfs destroy",
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    "cveId": "CVE-2023-54098",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-24T13:06:25.197Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-24T13:02:52.516Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:41:39.789Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/i915/gvt: fix gvt debugfs destroy\n\nWhen gvt debug fs is destroyed, need to have a sane check if drm\nminor\u0027s debugfs root is still available or not, otherwise in case like\ndevice remove through unbinding, drm minor\u0027s debugfs directory has\nalready been removed, then intel_gvt_debugfs_clean() would act upon\ndangling pointer like below oops.\n\ni915 0000:00:02.0: Direct firmware load for i915/gvt/vid_0x8086_did_0x1926_rid_0x0a.golden_hw_state failed with error -2\ni915 0000:00:02.0: MDEV: Registered\nConsole: switching to colour dummy device 80x25\ni915 0000:00:02.0: MDEV: Unregistering\nBUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000000000000a0\nPGD 0 P4D 0\nOops: 0002 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI\nCPU: 2 PID: 2486 Comm: gfx-unbind.sh Tainted: G          I        6.1.0-rc8+ #15\nHardware name: Dell Inc. XPS 13 9350/0JXC1H, BIOS 1.13.0 02/10/2020\nRIP: 0010:down_write+0x1f/0x90\nCode: 1d ff ff 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 53 48 89 fb e8 62 c0 ff ff bf 01 00 00 00 e8 28 5e 31 ff 31 c0 ba 01 00 00 00 \u003cf0\u003e 48 0f b1 13 75 33 65 48 8b 04 25 c0 bd 01 00 48 89 43 08 bf 01\nRSP: 0018:ffff9eb3036ffcc8 EFLAGS: 00010246\nRAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 00000000000000a0 RCX: ffffff8100000000\nRDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000064 RDI: ffffffffa48787a8\nRBP: ffff9eb3036ffd30 R08: ffffeb1fc45a0608 R09: ffffeb1fc45a05c0\nR10: 0000000000000002 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000\nR13: ffff91acc33fa328 R14: ffff91acc033f080 R15: ffff91acced533e0\nFS:  00007f6947bba740(0000) GS:ffff91ae36d00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\nCS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\nCR2: 00000000000000a0 CR3: 00000001133a2002 CR4: 00000000003706e0\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n simple_recursive_removal+0x9f/0x2a0\n ? start_creating.part.0+0x120/0x120\n ? _raw_spin_lock+0x13/0x40\n debugfs_remove+0x40/0x60\n intel_gvt_debugfs_clean+0x15/0x30 [kvmgt]\n intel_gvt_clean_device+0x49/0xe0 [kvmgt]\n intel_gvt_driver_remove+0x2f/0xb0\n i915_driver_remove+0xa4/0xf0\n i915_pci_remove+0x1a/0x30\n pci_device_remove+0x33/0xa0\n device_release_driver_internal+0x1b2/0x230\n unbind_store+0xe0/0x110\n kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x11b/0x1f0\n vfs_write+0x203/0x3d0\n ksys_write+0x63/0xe0\n do_syscall_64+0x37/0x90\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd\nRIP: 0033:0x7f6947cb5190\nCode: 40 00 48 8b 15 71 9c 0d 00 f7 d8 64 89 02 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff eb b7 0f 1f 00 80 3d 51 24 0e 00 00 74 17 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 \u003c48\u003e 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 58 c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 48 83 ec 28 48 89\nRSP: 002b:00007ffcbac45a28 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001\nRAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000000000000000d RCX: 00007f6947cb5190\nRDX: 000000000000000d RSI: 0000555e35c866a0 RDI: 0000000000000001\nRBP: 0000555e35c866a0 R08: 0000000000000002 R09: 0000555e358cb97c\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000001\nR13: 000000000000000d R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000555e358cb8e0\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\nModules linked in: kvmgt\nCR2: 00000000000000a0\n---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---"
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2023-54098",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-15T22:17:52.963",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.3,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.3,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
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                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:38:29.510332Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-12-24T13:16:11.687",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ae9a61511736cc71a99f01e8b7b90f6fb6128ed8"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b85c8536fda3d1ed07c6d87a661ffe18d6eb214b"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb7c7b2c89d2feb347b6f9bffc1c75987adb1048"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c4b850d1f448a901fbf4f7f36dec38c84009b489"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe340500baf84b6531c9fc508b167525b9bf6446"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Deferred"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Low",
      "current_release_date": "2026-11-07T11:11:00+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2023-54098",
      "id": "CVE-2023-54098",
      "initial_release_date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "120",
      "product_status:known_affected": "125",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "43",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: Kernel: NULL pointer dereference in Intel GVT-g debugfs during device removal",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2023/cve-2023-54098.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2023-54098",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "total"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:38:29.510332Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:38:30.199Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gvt/debugfs.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThan": "bb7c7b2c89d2feb347b6f9bffc1c75987adb1048",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "ae9a61511736cc71a99f01e8b7b90f6fb6128ed8",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "b85c8536fda3d1ed07c6d87a661ffe18d6eb214b",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "fe340500baf84b6531c9fc508b167525b9bf6446",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "c4b850d1f448a901fbf4f7f36dec38c84009b489",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da",
                  "versionType": "git"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "defaultStatus": "affected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gvt/debugfs.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4.16"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "4.16",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.10.163",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.15.87",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.0.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.0.19",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.1.5",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.2",
                  "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "cpeApplicability": [
            {
              "nodes": [
                {
                  "cpeMatch": [
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.163",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.87",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.0.19",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.5",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.2",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    }
                  ],
                  "negate": false,
                  "operator": "OR"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/i915/gvt: fix gvt debugfs destroy\n\nWhen gvt debug fs is destroyed, need to have a sane check if drm\nminor\u0027s debugfs root is still available or not, otherwise in case like\ndevice remove through unbinding, drm minor\u0027s debugfs directory has\nalready been removed, then intel_gvt_debugfs_clean() would act upon\ndangling pointer like below oops.\n\ni915 0000:00:02.0: Direct firmware load for i915/gvt/vid_0x8086_did_0x1926_rid_0x0a.golden_hw_state failed with error -2\ni915 0000:00:02.0: MDEV: Registered\nConsole: switching to colour dummy device 80x25\ni915 0000:00:02.0: MDEV: Unregistering\nBUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000000000000a0\nPGD 0 P4D 0\nOops: 0002 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI\nCPU: 2 PID: 2486 Comm: gfx-unbind.sh Tainted: G          I        6.1.0-rc8+ #15\nHardware name: Dell Inc. XPS 13 9350/0JXC1H, BIOS 1.13.0 02/10/2020\nRIP: 0010:down_write+0x1f/0x90\nCode: 1d ff ff 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 53 48 89 fb e8 62 c0 ff ff bf 01 00 00 00 e8 28 5e 31 ff 31 c0 ba 01 00 00 00 \u003cf0\u003e 48 0f b1 13 75 33 65 48 8b 04 25 c0 bd 01 00 48 89 43 08 bf 01\nRSP: 0018:ffff9eb3036ffcc8 EFLAGS: 00010246\nRAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 00000000000000a0 RCX: ffffff8100000000\nRDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000064 RDI: ffffffffa48787a8\nRBP: ffff9eb3036ffd30 R08: ffffeb1fc45a0608 R09: ffffeb1fc45a05c0\nR10: 0000000000000002 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000\nR13: ffff91acc33fa328 R14: ffff91acc033f080 R15: ffff91acced533e0\nFS:  00007f6947bba740(0000) GS:ffff91ae36d00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\nCS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\nCR2: 00000000000000a0 CR3: 00000001133a2002 CR4: 00000000003706e0\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n simple_recursive_removal+0x9f/0x2a0\n ? start_creating.part.0+0x120/0x120\n ? _raw_spin_lock+0x13/0x40\n debugfs_remove+0x40/0x60\n intel_gvt_debugfs_clean+0x15/0x30 [kvmgt]\n intel_gvt_clean_device+0x49/0xe0 [kvmgt]\n intel_gvt_driver_remove+0x2f/0xb0\n i915_driver_remove+0xa4/0xf0\n i915_pci_remove+0x1a/0x30\n pci_device_remove+0x33/0xa0\n device_release_driver_internal+0x1b2/0x230\n unbind_store+0xe0/0x110\n kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x11b/0x1f0\n vfs_write+0x203/0x3d0\n ksys_write+0x63/0xe0\n do_syscall_64+0x37/0x90\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd\nRIP: 0033:0x7f6947cb5190\nCode: 40 00 48 8b 15 71 9c 0d 00 f7 d8 64 89 02 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff eb b7 0f 1f 00 80 3d 51 24 0e 00 00 74 17 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 \u003c48\u003e 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 58 c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 48 83 ec 28 48 89\nRSP: 002b:00007ffcbac45a28 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001\nRAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000000000000000d RCX: 00007f6947cb5190\nRDX: 000000000000000d RSI: 0000555e35c866a0 RDI: 0000000000000001\nRBP: 0000555e35c866a0 R08: 0000000000000002 R09: 0000555e358cb97c\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000001\nR13: 000000000000000d R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000555e358cb8e0\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\nModules linked in: kvmgt\nCR2: 00000000000000a0\n---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---"
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "baseScore": 7.3,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is reached only through a local sysfs write to /sys/bus/pci/drivers/i915/unbind (or module unload), i.e. a local `write()` syscall on the host; there is no network or guest-facing entry point into `intel_gvt_debugfs_clean()`.\nAC:L - The dangling-pointer condition is deterministic \u2014 every i915 unbind on a GVT-enabled device frees the drm minor\u0027s debugfs tree before `intel_gvt_debugfs_clean()` reuses the stale `gvt-\u003edebugfs_root`, with no race to win. The intervening `synchronize_rcu()`/`i915_gem_suspend()` guarantees the dentry is back on the slab freelist, and dentry-cache grooming is fully under the attacker\u0027s control.\nPR:L - The unprivileged local attacker supplies the exploitation half \u2014 spraying `dentry_cache` so the freed \"gvt\" dentry slot holds attacker-controlled `d_inode`/`d_subdirs` data before `simple_recursive_removal()` walks it; only the unbind trigger itself sits behind CAP_SYS_ADMIN, so the attacker needs no more than basic local access.\nUI:R - The freeing action is initiated by an administrator performing an i915 driver unbind or module removal \u2014 a routine GVT-g host maintenance operation (the reporter\u0027s own trace shows `gfx-unbind.sh`) \u2014 which the unprivileged attacker cannot invoke directly.\nS:U - The corruption occurs in host kernel memory and yields host kernel privileges; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed, so the vulnerable component and impacted component share the same security authority.\nC:H - Use-after-free on a `dentry` whose slot can be reoccupied by attacker-controlled data; `simple_recursive_removal()` dereferences `this-\u003ed_inode` and walks the `d_subdirs` list from that reused object, which can be steered into disclosing arbitrary kernel memory.\nI:H - The stale-dentry walk performs `dget()` (refcount write into the reallocated object), `inode_lock()` on an attacker-supplied inode pointer, and `dput()` on pointers read out of the reused slab slot \u2014 a write-and-free primitive suitable for heap corruption and control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Even without grooming, the bug reliably produces a kernel oops in `down_write()`/`simple_recursive_removal()` (`BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0x00000000000000a0`), killing the unbind task with locks held and leaving the machine in a broken state."
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:17:15.832Z",
            "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "shortName": "Linux"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb7c7b2c89d2feb347b6f9bffc1c75987adb1048"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ae9a61511736cc71a99f01e8b7b90f6fb6128ed8"
            },
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            },
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              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe340500baf84b6531c9fc508b167525b9bf6446"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c4b850d1f448a901fbf4f7f36dec38c84009b489"
            }
          ],
          "title": "drm/i915/gvt: fix gvt debugfs destroy",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "cveId": "CVE-2023-54098",
        "datePublished": "2025-12-24T13:06:25.197Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-12-24T13:02:52.516Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:41:39.789Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Sightings

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  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

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