CVE-2023-53179 (GCVE-0-2023-53179)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-15 14:04 – Updated: 2026-10-15 21:41
VLAI
Title
netfilter: ipset: add the missing IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro for ip_set_hash_netportnet.c
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ipset: add the missing IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro for ip_set_hash_netportnet.c The missing IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro in ip_set_hash_netportnet can lead to the use of wrong `CIDR_POS(c)` for calculating array offsets, which can lead to integer underflow. As a result, it leads to slab out-of-bound access. This patch adds back the IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro to ip_set_hash_netportnet to address the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 21:34 UTC
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6641 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 0d5d0b5c41f766355f2b42c47d13ea001f754c7d , < 7935b636dd693dfe4483cfef4a1e91366c8103fa (git)
Affected: cb3e590df429ce151d5041884a4947099b8ad6a7 , < e632d09dffc68b9602d6893a99bfe3001d36cefc (git)
Affected: 886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97 , < 109e830585e89a03d554bf8ad0e668630d0a6260 (git)
Affected: 886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97 , < 83091f8ac03f118086596f17c9a52d31d6ca94b3 (git)
Affected: 886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97 , < a9e6142e5f8f6ac7d1bca45c1b2b13b084ea9e14 (git)
Affected: 886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97 , < 7ca0706c68adadf86a36b60dca090f5e9481e808 (git)
Affected: 886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97 , < d59b6fc405549f7caf31f6aa5da1d6bef746b166 (git)
Affected: 886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97 , < d95c8420efe684b964e3aa28108e9a354bcd7225 (git)
Affected: 886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97 , < 050d91c03b28ca479df13dfb02bcd2c60dd6a878 (git)
Affected: 186642845b02e1a7944ef33c3a3ac41eba77517f (git)
Affected: 919560afc21f91ca352a20394d5249aba1799690 (git)
Affected: 4.14.84 , < 4.14.326 (semver)
Affected: 4.19.5 , < 4.19.295 (semver)
Affected: 4.4.165 , < 4.5 (semver)
Affected: 4.9.141 , < 4.10 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 4.20
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.20 (semver)
Unaffected: 4.14.326 , ≤ 4.14.* (semver)
Unaffected: 4.19.295 , ≤ 4.19.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.4.257 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.195 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.132 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.53 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.4.16 , ≤ 6.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.5.3 , ≤ 6.5.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2023-53179",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:34:11.541488Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:41:27.430Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_hash_netportnet.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "7935b636dd693dfe4483cfef4a1e91366c8103fa",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0d5d0b5c41f766355f2b42c47d13ea001f754c7d",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "e632d09dffc68b9602d6893a99bfe3001d36cefc",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "cb3e590df429ce151d5041884a4947099b8ad6a7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "109e830585e89a03d554bf8ad0e668630d0a6260",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "83091f8ac03f118086596f17c9a52d31d6ca94b3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "a9e6142e5f8f6ac7d1bca45c1b2b13b084ea9e14",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7ca0706c68adadf86a36b60dca090f5e9481e808",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d59b6fc405549f7caf31f6aa5da1d6bef746b166",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d95c8420efe684b964e3aa28108e9a354bcd7225",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "050d91c03b28ca479df13dfb02bcd2c60dd6a878",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "186642845b02e1a7944ef33c3a3ac41eba77517f",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "919560afc21f91ca352a20394d5249aba1799690",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.14.326",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.14.84",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.19.295",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.19.5",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.4.165",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.10",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.9.141",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_hash_netportnet.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.20"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.20",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "4.14.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "4.14.326",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "4.19.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "4.19.295",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.4.257",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.195",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.132",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.53",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.4.16",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.5.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.5.3",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "4.14.326",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.14.84",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "4.19.295",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.19.5",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.257",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.195",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.132",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.53",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.4.16",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.5.3",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.4.165",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.9.141",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: ipset: add the missing IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro for ip_set_hash_netportnet.c\n\nThe missing IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro in ip_set_hash_netportnet can\nlead to the use of wrong `CIDR_POS(c)` for calculating array offsets,\nwhich can lead to integer underflow. As a result, it leads to slab\nout-of-bound access.\nThis patch adds back the IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro to\nip_set_hash_netportnet to address the issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The bug is triggered via nfnetlink netlink messages (ipset create/add on hash:net,port,net), which require a local syscall path (sendto/netlink_sendmsg), not remote packet processing.\nAC:L - An attacker can reliably trigger the OOB by creating a hash:net,port,net set and adding an entry with CIDR 0; no race or victim-controlled state is required, and on amd64 the underflow consistently indexes at -1.\nPR:L - nfnetlink only requires CAP_NET_ADMIN via netlink_net_capable over the network namespace\u0027s user_ns, which an unprivileged local user can obtain with user+network namespaces (unshare -Urn).\nUI:N - Exploitation is fully attacker-driven through netlink ipset commands and does not require any victim action.\nS:U - This is a standard in-kernel privilege escalation within the same OS security authority; it does not cross VM, IOMMU, or other security boundaries.\nC:H - The OOB increment/decrement of adjacent slab objects can corrupt length/pointer fields to obtain out-of-bounds read primitives, enabling arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - Controlled OOB ++/-- on slab memory adjacent to h-\u003enets provides a write primitive that the discoverer assessed as likely exploitable for privilege escalation and arbitrary modification.\nA:H - The out-of-bounds access can crash the kernel (UBSAN/panic demonstrated in the public PoC), so availability impact is high."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:12:57.491Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7935b636dd693dfe4483cfef4a1e91366c8103fa"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e632d09dffc68b9602d6893a99bfe3001d36cefc"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/109e830585e89a03d554bf8ad0e668630d0a6260"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/83091f8ac03f118086596f17c9a52d31d6ca94b3"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a9e6142e5f8f6ac7d1bca45c1b2b13b084ea9e14"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ca0706c68adadf86a36b60dca090f5e9481e808"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d59b6fc405549f7caf31f6aa5da1d6bef746b166"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d95c8420efe684b964e3aa28108e9a354bcd7225"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/050d91c03b28ca479df13dfb02bcd2c60dd6a878"
        }
      ],
      "title": "netfilter: ipset: add the missing IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro for ip_set_hash_netportnet.c",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-53179",
    "datePublished": "2025-09-15T14:04:26.782Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-09-15T13:59:19.065Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:41:27.430Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2023-53179",
      "date": "2026-11-13",
      "epss": "0.00171",
      "percentile": "0.06606"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_hash_netportnet.c"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThan": "7935b636dd693dfe4483cfef4a1e91366c8103fa",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "0d5d0b5c41f766355f2b42c47d13ea001f754c7d",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "e632d09dffc68b9602d6893a99bfe3001d36cefc",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "cb3e590df429ce151d5041884a4947099b8ad6a7",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "109e830585e89a03d554bf8ad0e668630d0a6260",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "83091f8ac03f118086596f17c9a52d31d6ca94b3",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "a9e6142e5f8f6ac7d1bca45c1b2b13b084ea9e14",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "7ca0706c68adadf86a36b60dca090f5e9481e808",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "d59b6fc405549f7caf31f6aa5da1d6bef746b166",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "d95c8420efe684b964e3aa28108e9a354bcd7225",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "050d91c03b28ca479df13dfb02bcd2c60dd6a878",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "186642845b02e1a7944ef33c3a3ac41eba77517f",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "919560afc21f91ca352a20394d5249aba1799690",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "4.14.326",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "4.14.84",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "4.19.295",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "4.19.5",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "4.5",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "4.4.165",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "4.10",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "4.9.141",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "defaultStatus": "affected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_hash_netportnet.c"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "4.20"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "4.20",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "4.14.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "4.14.326",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "4.19.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "4.19.295",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.4.257",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.10.195",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.15.132",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.1.53",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.4.16",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.5.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.5.3",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.6",
                    "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
          }
        ],
        "configurations": [
          {
            "nodes": [
              {
                "cpeMatch": [
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "AD01C7C9-D368-4064-AD19-3ED7956BA008",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "4.5",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.4.165",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "6110755E-5539-445C-883D-9E86287AFEEE",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "4.10",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.9.141",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "EE00D323-A07A-4CF1-A179-86163EBDB5A5",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "4.14.326",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.14.84",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "CDC0A505-82EB-4D3B-9209-93E3A0300F29",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "4.19.295",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.19.5",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "53E75E7B-0EFC-452E-8A14-C44C5F193CB0",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.257",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.20.1",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "C385B650-53DB-4BFB-83D1-1D8FADF653EF",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.195",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "5.5",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "5913891D-409A-4EEC-9231-F2EF5A493BC7",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.132",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "5.11",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "B20754AF-3B8C-4574-A70D-EC24933810E5",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.53",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "5.16",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "C3039EA3-F6CA-43EF-9F17-81A7EC6841EF",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.4.16",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "6.2",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "880C803A-BEAE-4DA0-8A59-AC023F7B4EE3",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.5.3",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "6.5",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.20:-:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "1072305B-94A8-4D68-9419-B786885AA310",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.20:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "80BF0376-7A24-47F5-8CB1-42567422DEBD",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.20:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "78302933-7144-4E9A-A4DC-B8EB431CC249",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.20:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "0758DE8E-2550-4676-A7D0-9D19FD935993",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.20:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "BB4884D1-AA0E-4A94-93A3-BF058D3DFEF7",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.20:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "1741C485-D309-4821-A7F9-6F31A8FEB5CF",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.20:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "82240F8A-B5DF-45CC-8031-CDE3E191D24C",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: ipset: add the missing IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro for ip_set_hash_netportnet.c\n\nThe missing IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro in ip_set_hash_netportnet can\nlead to the use of wrong `CIDR_POS(c)` for calculating array offsets,\nwhich can lead to integer underflow. As a result, it leads to slab\nout-of-bound access.\nThis patch adds back the IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro to\nip_set_hash_netportnet to address the issue."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2023-53179",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-15T22:17:38.663",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            },
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2023-53179",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:34:11.541488Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-09-15T14:15:39.920",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/050d91c03b28ca479df13dfb02bcd2c60dd6a878"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/109e830585e89a03d554bf8ad0e668630d0a6260"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7935b636dd693dfe4483cfef4a1e91366c8103fa"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ca0706c68adadf86a36b60dca090f5e9481e808"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/83091f8ac03f118086596f17c9a52d31d6ca94b3"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a9e6142e5f8f6ac7d1bca45c1b2b13b084ea9e14"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d59b6fc405549f7caf31f6aa5da1d6bef746b166"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d95c8420efe684b964e3aa28108e9a354bcd7225"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e632d09dffc68b9602d6893a99bfe3001d36cefc"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-787"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Low",
      "current_release_date": "2026-11-07T11:09:10+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2023-53179",
      "id": "CVE-2023-53179",
      "initial_release_date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "185",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "15",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: netfilter: ipset: add the missing IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro for ip_set_hash_netportnet.c",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2023/cve-2023-53179.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2023-53179",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "total"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:34:11.541488Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:34:12.328Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_hash_netportnet.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThan": "7935b636dd693dfe4483cfef4a1e91366c8103fa",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "0d5d0b5c41f766355f2b42c47d13ea001f754c7d",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "e632d09dffc68b9602d6893a99bfe3001d36cefc",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "cb3e590df429ce151d5041884a4947099b8ad6a7",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "109e830585e89a03d554bf8ad0e668630d0a6260",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "83091f8ac03f118086596f17c9a52d31d6ca94b3",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "a9e6142e5f8f6ac7d1bca45c1b2b13b084ea9e14",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "7ca0706c68adadf86a36b60dca090f5e9481e808",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "d59b6fc405549f7caf31f6aa5da1d6bef746b166",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "d95c8420efe684b964e3aa28108e9a354bcd7225",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "050d91c03b28ca479df13dfb02bcd2c60dd6a878",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "886503f34d63e681662057448819edb5b1057a97",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "186642845b02e1a7944ef33c3a3ac41eba77517f",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "919560afc21f91ca352a20394d5249aba1799690",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "4.14.326",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4.14.84",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "4.19.295",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4.19.5",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "4.5",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4.4.165",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "4.10",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4.9.141",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "defaultStatus": "affected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_hash_netportnet.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "4.20"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "4.20",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "4.14.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "4.14.326",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "4.19.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "4.19.295",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.4.257",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.10.195",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.15.132",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.1.53",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.4.16",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.5.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.5.3",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.6",
                  "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "cpeApplicability": [
            {
              "nodes": [
                {
                  "cpeMatch": [
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "4.14.326",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.14.84",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "4.19.295",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.19.5",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.257",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.195",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.132",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.53",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.4.16",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.5.3",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.6",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.4.165",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.9.141",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    }
                  ],
                  "negate": false,
                  "operator": "OR"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: ipset: add the missing IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro for ip_set_hash_netportnet.c\n\nThe missing IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro in ip_set_hash_netportnet can\nlead to the use of wrong `CIDR_POS(c)` for calculating array offsets,\nwhich can lead to integer underflow. As a result, it leads to slab\nout-of-bound access.\nThis patch adds back the IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro to\nip_set_hash_netportnet to address the issue."
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "AV:L - The bug is triggered via nfnetlink netlink messages (ipset create/add on hash:net,port,net), which require a local syscall path (sendto/netlink_sendmsg), not remote packet processing.\nAC:L - An attacker can reliably trigger the OOB by creating a hash:net,port,net set and adding an entry with CIDR 0; no race or victim-controlled state is required, and on amd64 the underflow consistently indexes at -1.\nPR:L - nfnetlink only requires CAP_NET_ADMIN via netlink_net_capable over the network namespace\u0027s user_ns, which an unprivileged local user can obtain with user+network namespaces (unshare -Urn).\nUI:N - Exploitation is fully attacker-driven through netlink ipset commands and does not require any victim action.\nS:U - This is a standard in-kernel privilege escalation within the same OS security authority; it does not cross VM, IOMMU, or other security boundaries.\nC:H - The OOB increment/decrement of adjacent slab objects can corrupt length/pointer fields to obtain out-of-bounds read primitives, enabling arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - Controlled OOB ++/-- on slab memory adjacent to h-\u003enets provides a write primitive that the discoverer assessed as likely exploitable for privilege escalation and arbitrary modification.\nA:H - The out-of-bounds access can crash the kernel (UBSAN/panic demonstrated in the public PoC), so availability impact is high."
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:12:57.491Z",
            "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "shortName": "Linux"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7935b636dd693dfe4483cfef4a1e91366c8103fa"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e632d09dffc68b9602d6893a99bfe3001d36cefc"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/109e830585e89a03d554bf8ad0e668630d0a6260"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/83091f8ac03f118086596f17c9a52d31d6ca94b3"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a9e6142e5f8f6ac7d1bca45c1b2b13b084ea9e14"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ca0706c68adadf86a36b60dca090f5e9481e808"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d59b6fc405549f7caf31f6aa5da1d6bef746b166"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d95c8420efe684b964e3aa28108e9a354bcd7225"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/050d91c03b28ca479df13dfb02bcd2c60dd6a878"
            }
          ],
          "title": "netfilter: ipset: add the missing IP_SET_HASH_WITH_NET0 macro for ip_set_hash_netportnet.c",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "cveId": "CVE-2023-53179",
        "datePublished": "2025-09-15T14:04:26.782Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-09-15T13:59:19.065Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:41:27.430Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.


Loading…

Loading…

Loading…

Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON
How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

Events included in the timeline

Loading timeline…


    Loading…

    Loading…

    Loading…

    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.