CVE-2023-52927 (GCVE-0-2023-52927)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-14 14:25 – Updated: 2026-10-15 00:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
netfilter: allow exp not to be removed in nf_ct_find_expectation
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: allow exp not to be removed in nf_ct_find_expectation
Currently nf_conntrack_in() calling nf_ct_find_expectation() will
remove the exp from the hash table. However, in some scenario, we
expect the exp not to be removed when the created ct will not be
confirmed, like in OVS and TC conntrack in the following patches.
This patch allows exp not to be removed by setting IPS_CONFIRMED
in the status of the tmpl.
Severity
7.8 (High)
Assigner
References
8 references
Impacted products
12 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
1bc91a5ddf3eaea0e0ea957cccf3abdcfcace00e , < 3fa58a6fbd1e9e5682d09cdafb08fba004cb12ec
(git)
Affected: 1bc91a5ddf3eaea0e0ea957cccf3abdcfcace00e , < 4914109a8e1e494c6aa9852f9e84ec77a5fc643f (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
5.18
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.18 (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.130 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.5 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.6 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.7 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.5 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.6 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.7 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem |
Affected:
0 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.5 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.6 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.7 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed |
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{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: allow exp not to be removed in nf_ct_find_expectation\n\nCurrently nf_conntrack_in() calling nf_ct_find_expectation() will\nremove the exp from the hash table. However, in some scenario, we\nexpect the exp not to be removed when the created ct will not be\nconfirmed, like in OVS and TC conntrack in the following patches.\n\nThis patch allows exp not to be removed by setting IPS_CONFIRMED\nin the status of the tmpl."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: netfilter: permite que exp no se elimine en nf_ct_find_expectation. Actualmente, nf_conntrack_in(), que llama a nf_ct_find_expectation(), elimina la exp de la tabla hash. Sin embargo, en algunos casos, esperamos que la exp no se elimine cuando el ct creado no se confirme, como en OVS y TC conntrack en los parches posteriores. Este parche permite que exp no se elimine estableciendo IPS_CONFIRMED en el estado del tmpl."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2023-52927",
"lastModified": "2026-10-15T01:17:16.570",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
},
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
},
"published": "2025-03-14T15:15:39.253",
"references": [
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
"Broken Link"
],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3fa58a6fbd1e9e5682d09cdafb08fba004cb12ec"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
"Broken Link"
],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4914109a8e1e494c6aa9852f9e84ec77a5fc643f"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
"Exploit",
"Technical Description"
],
"url": "https://seadragnol.github.io/posts/CVE-2023-52927/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Issue Tracking",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
},
{
"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html"
},
{
"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html"
},
{
"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-457936.html"
},
{
"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-416"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-11-05T10:39:44+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2023-52927",
"id": "CVE-2023-52927",
"initial_release_date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_affected": "90",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "110",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: netfilter: allow exp not to be removed in nf_ct_find_expectation",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2023/cve-2023-52927.json",
"version": "3"
}
}
}
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
How durations are calculated
Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.
Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.