CVE-2023-28842 (GCVE-0-2023-28842)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-04-04 21:07 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:48
VLAI
Title
moby/moby's dockerd daemon encrypted overlay network with a single endpoint is unauthenticated
Summary
Moby) is an open source container framework developed by Docker Inc. that is distributed as Docker, Mirantis Container Runtime, and various other downstream projects/products. The Moby daemon component (`dockerd`), which is developed as moby/moby is commonly referred to as *Docker*. Swarm Mode, which is compiled in and delivered by default in `dockerd` and is thus present in most major Moby downstreams, is a simple, built-in container orchestrator that is implemented through a combination of SwarmKit and supporting network code. The `overlay` network driver is a core feature of Swarm Mode, providing isolated virtual LANs that allow communication between containers and services across the cluster. This driver is an implementation/user of VXLAN, which encapsulates link-layer (Ethernet) frames in UDP datagrams that tag the frame with the VXLAN metadata, including a VXLAN Network ID (VNI) that identifies the originating overlay network. In addition, the overlay network driver supports an optional, off-by-default encrypted mode, which is especially useful when VXLAN packets traverses an untrusted network between nodes. Encrypted overlay networks function by encapsulating the VXLAN datagrams through the use of the IPsec Encapsulating Security Payload protocol in Transport mode. By deploying IPSec encapsulation, encrypted overlay networks gain the additional properties of source authentication through cryptographic proof, data integrity through check-summing, and confidentiality through encryption. When setting an endpoint up on an encrypted overlay network, Moby installs three iptables (Linux kernel firewall) rules that enforce both incoming and outgoing IPSec. These rules rely on the `u32` iptables extension provided by the `xt_u32` kernel module to directly filter on a VXLAN packet's VNI field, so that IPSec guarantees can be enforced on encrypted overlay networks without interfering with other overlay networks or other users of VXLAN. The `overlay` driver dynamically and lazily defines the kernel configuration for the VXLAN network on each node as containers are attached and detached. Routes and encryption parameters are only defined for destination nodes that participate in the network. The iptables rules that prevent encrypted overlay networks from accepting unencrypted packets are not created until a peer is available with which to communicate. Encrypted overlay networks silently accept cleartext VXLAN datagrams that are tagged with the VNI of an encrypted overlay network. As a result, it is possible to inject arbitrary Ethernet frames into the encrypted overlay network by encapsulating them in VXLAN datagrams. The implications of this can be quite dire, and GHSA-vwm3-crmr-xfxw should be referenced for a deeper exploration. Patches are available in Moby releases 23.0.3, and 20.10.24. As Mirantis Container Runtime's 20.10 releases are numbered differently, users of that platform should update to 20.10.16. Some workarounds are available. In multi-node clusters, deploy a global ‘pause’ container for each encrypted overlay network, on every node. For a single-node cluster, do not use overlay networks of any sort. Bridge networks provide the same connectivity on a single node and have no multi-node features. The Swarm ingress feature is implemented using an overlay network, but can be disabled by publishing ports in `host` mode instead of `ingress` mode (allowing the use of an external load balancer), and removing the `ingress` network. If encrypted overlay networks are in exclusive use, block UDP port 4789 from traffic that has not been validated by IPSec.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-10 21:32 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-420 - Unprotected Alternate Channel
  • CWE-636 - Not Failing Securely ('Failing Open')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
moby moby Affected: >= 1.12.0, < 20.10.24
Affected: >= 23.0.0, < 23.0.3
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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Las rutas y los par\u00e1metros de cifrado solo se definen para los nodos de destino que participan en la red. Las reglas de iptables que impiden que las redes superpuestas cifradas acepten paquetes no cifrados no se crean hasta que haya un interlocutor disponible con el que comunicarse. Las redes superpuestas cifradas aceptan silenciosamente datagramas VXLAN de texto sin cifrar etiquetados con el VNI de una red superpuesta cifrada. Como resultado, es posible inyectar tramas Ethernet arbitrarias en la red superpuesta cifrada encapsul\u00e1ndolas en datagramas VXLAN. Las implicaciones de esto pueden ser bastante nefastas, y se debe hacer referencia a GHSA-vwm3-crmr-xfxw para una exploraci\u00f3n m\u00e1s profunda. Los parches est\u00e1n disponibles en las versiones 23.0.3 y 20.10.24 de Moby. Como las versiones 20.10 de Mirantis Container Runtime tienen numeraci\u00f3n diferente, los usuarios de esa plataforma deben actualizar a la versi\u00f3n 20.10.16. 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Si las redes superpuestas cifradas son de uso exclusivo, bloquee el puerto UDP 4789 del tr\u00e1fico que no haya sido validado por IPSec.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"moby\",\"product\":\"moby\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"\u003e= 1.12.0, \u003c 20.10.24\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"\u003e= 23.0.0, \u003c 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Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LYZOKMMVX4SIEHPJW3SJUQGMO5YZCPHC/\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XNF4OLYZRQE75EB5TW5N42FSXHBXGWFE/\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZTE4ITXXPIWZEQ4HYQCB6N6GZIMWXDAI/\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/moby/libnetwork/security/advisories/GHSA-gvm4-2qqg-m333\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-232p-vwff-86mp\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Not 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Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LYZOKMMVX4SIEHPJW3SJUQGMO5YZCPHC/\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"},{\"url\":\"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XNF4OLYZRQE75EB5TW5N42FSXHBXGWFE/\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"},{\"url\":\"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZTE4ITXXPIWZEQ4HYQCB6N6GZIMWXDAI/\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-21T20:19:06+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2023-28842",
      "id": "CVE-2023-28842",
      "initial_release_date": "2023-04-04T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "164",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "34",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "moby: Encrypted overlay network with a single endpoint is unauthenticated",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2023/cve-2023-28842.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CVE Program Container\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-6wrf-mxfj-pf5p\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-6wrf-mxfj-pf5p\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\", \"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/moby/libnetwork/security/advisories/GHSA-gvm4-2qqg-m333\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/moby/libnetwork/security/advisories/GHSA-gvm4-2qqg-m333\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\", \"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-232p-vwff-86mp\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-232p-vwff-86mp\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\", \"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-33pg-m6jh-5237\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-33pg-m6jh-5237\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\", \"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-vwm3-crmr-xfxw\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-vwm3-crmr-xfxw\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\", \"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZTE4ITXXPIWZEQ4HYQCB6N6GZIMWXDAI/\", \"tags\": [\"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LYZOKMMVX4SIEHPJW3SJUQGMO5YZCPHC/\", \"tags\": [\"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XNF4OLYZRQE75EB5TW5N42FSXHBXGWFE/\", \"tags\": [\"x_transferred\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"shortName\": \"CVE\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2024-08-02T13:51:38.540Z\"}}, {\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2023-28842\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-02-10T21:32:48.323374Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-02-10T21:32:33.482Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"moby/moby\u0027s dockerd daemon encrypted overlay network with a single endpoint is unauthenticated\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-6wrf-mxfj-pf5p\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"CHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 6.8, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"moby\", \"product\": \"moby\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 1.12.0, \u003c 20.10.24\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 23.0.0, \u003c 23.0.3\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-6wrf-mxfj-pf5p\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-6wrf-mxfj-pf5p\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/moby/libnetwork/security/advisories/GHSA-gvm4-2qqg-m333\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/moby/libnetwork/security/advisories/GHSA-gvm4-2qqg-m333\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-232p-vwff-86mp\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-232p-vwff-86mp\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-33pg-m6jh-5237\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-33pg-m6jh-5237\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-vwm3-crmr-xfxw\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-vwm3-crmr-xfxw\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZTE4ITXXPIWZEQ4HYQCB6N6GZIMWXDAI/\"}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LYZOKMMVX4SIEHPJW3SJUQGMO5YZCPHC/\"}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XNF4OLYZRQE75EB5TW5N42FSXHBXGWFE/\"}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Moby) is an open source container framework developed by Docker Inc. that is distributed as Docker, Mirantis Container Runtime, and various other downstream projects/products. The Moby daemon component (`dockerd`), which is developed as moby/moby is commonly referred to as *Docker*.\\n\\nSwarm Mode, which is compiled in and delivered by default in `dockerd` and is thus present in most major Moby downstreams, is a simple, built-in container orchestrator that is implemented through a combination of SwarmKit and supporting network code.\\n\\nThe `overlay` network driver is a core feature of Swarm Mode, providing isolated virtual LANs that allow communication between containers and services across the cluster. This driver is an implementation/user of VXLAN, which encapsulates link-layer (Ethernet) frames in UDP datagrams that tag the frame with the VXLAN metadata, including a VXLAN Network ID (VNI) that identifies the originating overlay network. In addition, the overlay network driver supports an optional, off-by-default encrypted mode, which is especially useful when VXLAN packets traverses an untrusted network between nodes.\\n\\nEncrypted overlay networks function by encapsulating the VXLAN datagrams through the use of the IPsec Encapsulating Security Payload protocol in Transport mode. By deploying IPSec encapsulation, encrypted overlay networks gain the additional properties of source authentication through cryptographic proof, data integrity through check-summing, and confidentiality through encryption.\\n\\nWhen setting an endpoint up on an encrypted overlay network, Moby installs three iptables (Linux kernel firewall) rules that enforce both incoming and outgoing IPSec. These rules rely on the `u32` iptables extension provided by the `xt_u32` kernel module to directly filter on a VXLAN packet\u0027s VNI field, so that IPSec guarantees can be enforced on encrypted overlay networks without interfering with other overlay networks or other users of VXLAN.\\n\\nThe `overlay` driver dynamically and lazily defines the kernel configuration for the VXLAN network on each node as containers are attached and detached. Routes and encryption parameters are only defined for destination nodes that participate in the network. The iptables rules that prevent encrypted overlay networks from accepting unencrypted packets are not created until a peer is available with which to communicate.\\n\\nEncrypted overlay networks silently accept cleartext VXLAN datagrams that are tagged with the VNI of an encrypted overlay network. As a result, it is possible to inject arbitrary Ethernet frames into the encrypted overlay network by encapsulating them in VXLAN datagrams. The implications of this can be quite dire, and GHSA-vwm3-crmr-xfxw should be referenced for a deeper exploration.\\n\\nPatches are available in Moby releases 23.0.3, and 20.10.24. As Mirantis Container Runtime\u0027s 20.10 releases are numbered differently, users of that platform should update to 20.10.16.\\n\\nSome workarounds are available. In multi-node clusters, deploy a global \\u2018pause\\u2019 container for each encrypted overlay network, on every node. For a single-node cluster, do not use overlay networks of any sort. Bridge networks provide the same connectivity on a single node and have no multi-node features. The Swarm ingress feature is implemented using an overlay network, but can be disabled by publishing ports in `host` mode instead of `ingress` mode (allowing the use of an external load balancer), and removing the `ingress` network. If encrypted overlay networks are in exclusive use, block UDP port 4789 from traffic that has not been validated by IPSec.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-420\", \"description\": \"CWE-420: Unprotected Alternate Channel\"}]}, {\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-636\", \"description\": \"CWE-636: Not Failing Securely (\u0027Failing Open\u0027)\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2023-04-04T21:07:27.575Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2023-28842\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-02-10T21:32:59.329Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2023-03-24T16:25:34.466Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2023-04-04T21:07:27.575Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}



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Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.