CVE-2022-49295 (GCVE-0-2022-49295)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-26 02:01 – Updated: 2026-08-05 08:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
nbd: call genl_unregister_family() first in nbd_cleanup()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
nbd: call genl_unregister_family() first in nbd_cleanup()
Otherwise there may be race between module removal and the handling of
netlink command, which can lead to the oops as shown below:
BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000098
Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP PTI
CPU: 1 PID: 31299 Comm: nbd-client Tainted: G E 5.14.0-rc4
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996)
RIP: 0010:down_write+0x1a/0x50
Call Trace:
start_creating+0x89/0x130
debugfs_create_dir+0x1b/0x130
nbd_start_device+0x13d/0x390 [nbd]
nbd_genl_connect+0x42f/0x748 [nbd]
genl_family_rcv_msg_doit.isra.0+0xec/0x150
genl_rcv_msg+0xe5/0x1e0
netlink_rcv_skb+0x55/0x100
genl_rcv+0x29/0x40
netlink_unicast+0x1a8/0x250
netlink_sendmsg+0x21b/0x430
____sys_sendmsg+0x2a4/0x2d0
___sys_sendmsg+0x81/0xc0
__sys_sendmsg+0x62/0xb0
__x64_sys_sendmsg+0x1f/0x30
do_syscall_64+0x3b/0xc0
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
Modules linked in: nbd(E-)
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-01 19:45 UTC
CWE
- CWE-476 - NULL Pointer Dereference
Assigner
References
8 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < 8a1435c862ea09b06be7acda325128dc08458e25
(git)
Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < 013a79f1b5c89290e2e97f1ebf14b14e0cf5fe5c (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < 1be608e1ee1f222464b2856bda9b85ab5184a33e (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < c0868f6e728c3c28bef0e8bee89d2daf86a8bbca (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < cbeafa7a79d08ecdb55f8f1d41a11323d0f709db (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < 6f505bbb8063fd3a238a4239d2d8c165e5279f6f (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < 3d5da1ffba3388c2ae2e6c598855a4d887d3bf79 (git) Affected: e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099 , < 06c4da89c24e7023ea448cadf8e9daf06a0aae6e (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
4.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.12 (semver) Unaffected: 4.14.283 , ≤ 4.14.* (semver) Unaffected: 4.19.247 , ≤ 4.19.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.198 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.122 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.47 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.17.15 , ≤ 5.17.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.18.4 , ≤ 5.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.19 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnbd: call genl_unregister_family() first in nbd_cleanup()\n\nOtherwise there may be race between module removal and the handling of\nnetlink command, which can lead to the oops as shown below:\n\n BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000098\n Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP PTI\n CPU: 1 PID: 31299 Comm: nbd-client Tainted: G E 5.14.0-rc4\n Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996)\n RIP: 0010:down_write+0x1a/0x50\n Call Trace:\n start_creating+0x89/0x130\n debugfs_create_dir+0x1b/0x130\n nbd_start_device+0x13d/0x390 [nbd]\n nbd_genl_connect+0x42f/0x748 [nbd]\n genl_family_rcv_msg_doit.isra.0+0xec/0x150\n genl_rcv_msg+0xe5/0x1e0\n netlink_rcv_skb+0x55/0x100\n genl_rcv+0x29/0x40\n netlink_unicast+0x1a8/0x250\n netlink_sendmsg+0x21b/0x430\n ____sys_sendmsg+0x2a4/0x2d0\n ___sys_sendmsg+0x81/0xc0\n __sys_sendmsg+0x62/0xb0\n __x64_sys_sendmsg+0x1f/0x30\n do_syscall_64+0x3b/0xc0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae\n Modules linked in: nbd(E-)"
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: nbd: llamar a genl_unregister_family() primero en nbd_cleanup() De lo contrario, puede haber una ejecuci\u00f3n entre la eliminaci\u00f3n del m\u00f3dulo y la gesti\u00f3n del comando netlink, lo que puede provocar los errores que se muestran a continuaci\u00f3n: ERROR: desreferencia de puntero NULL del kernel, direcci\u00f3n: 0000000000000098 Error: 0002 [#1] SMP PTI CPU: 1 PID: 31299 Comm: nbd-client Contaminado: GE 5.14.0-rc4 Nombre del hardware: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) RIP: 0010:down_write+0x1a/0x50 Rastreo de llamadas: start_creating+0x89/0x130 debugfs_create_dir+0x1b/0x130 nbd_start_device+0x13d/0x390 [nbd] nbd_genl_connect+0x42f/0x748 [nbd] genl_family_rcv_msg_doit.isra.0+0xec/0x150 genl_rcv_msg+0xe5/0x1e0 netlink_rcv_skb+0x55/0x100 genl_rcv+0x29/0x40 netlink_unicast+0x1a8/0x250 netlink_sendmsg+0x21b/0x430 ____sys_sendmsg+0x2a4/0x2d0 ___sys_sendmsg+0x81/0xc0 __sys_sendmsg+0x62/0xb0 __x64_sys_sendmsg+0x1f/0x30 do_syscall_64+0x3b/0xc0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae M\u00f3dulos vinculados en: nbd(E-)"
}
],
"id": "CVE-2022-49295",
"lastModified": "2026-08-04T10:17:43.723",
"metrics": {
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{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c0868f6e728c3c28bef0e8bee89d2daf86a8bbca"
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{
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}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
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"description": [
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"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-476"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
},
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-476"
}
],
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-06-29T21:03:57+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2022-49295",
"id": "CVE-2022-49295",
"initial_release_date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_affected": "62",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "212",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: nbd: call genl_unregister_family() first in nbd_cleanup()",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2022/cve-2022-49295.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 4.7,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2022-49295",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-10-01T19:45:04.172443Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-476",
"description": "CWE-476 NULL Pointer Dereference",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-01T16:13:07.912Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"drivers/block/nbd.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
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"status": "affected",
"version": "e46c7287b1c27683a8e30ca825fb98e2b97f1099",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
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"status": "affected",
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{
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"status": "affected",
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{
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"status": "affected",
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{
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{
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"versionType": "git"
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{
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
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"programFiles": [
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],
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"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
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"version": "4.12"
},
{
"lessThan": "4.12",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "4.14.283",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "4.19.247",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.4.198",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.10.122",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.47",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.17.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.17.15",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.18.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.18.4",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.19",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
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"nodes": [
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"versionEndExcluding": "4.14.283",
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"vulnerable": true
},
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"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "4.19.247",
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},
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"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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},
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"vulnerable": true
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},
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"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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},
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"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
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}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnbd: call genl_unregister_family() first in nbd_cleanup()\n\nOtherwise there may be race between module removal and the handling of\nnetlink command, which can lead to the oops as shown below:\n\n BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000098\n Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP PTI\n CPU: 1 PID: 31299 Comm: nbd-client Tainted: G E 5.14.0-rc4\n Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996)\n RIP: 0010:down_write+0x1a/0x50\n Call Trace:\n start_creating+0x89/0x130\n debugfs_create_dir+0x1b/0x130\n nbd_start_device+0x13d/0x390 [nbd]\n nbd_genl_connect+0x42f/0x748 [nbd]\n genl_family_rcv_msg_doit.isra.0+0xec/0x150\n genl_rcv_msg+0xe5/0x1e0\n netlink_rcv_skb+0x55/0x100\n genl_rcv+0x29/0x40\n netlink_unicast+0x1a8/0x250\n netlink_sendmsg+0x21b/0x430\n ____sys_sendmsg+0x2a4/0x2d0\n ___sys_sendmsg+0x81/0xc0\n __sys_sendmsg+0x62/0xb0\n __x64_sys_sendmsg+0x1f/0x30\n do_syscall_64+0x3b/0xc0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae\n Modules linked in: nbd(E-)"
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
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"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached via local Generic Netlink sendmsg to the nbd family (and concurrent local delete_module); it is not reachable from network packets or remote protocols.\nAC:H - Exploitation requires winning a race against nbd module removal (rmmod/delete_module), which an unprivileged attacker cannot initiate and which depends on a privileged actor unloading the module.\nPR:L - NBD_CMD_STATUS has no capability check and is usable by an unprivileged local user, so the cleanup race can be exercised without CAP_SYS_ADMIN; CAP_SYS_ADMIN in init_user_ns is only required for connect/disconnect/reconfigure.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is required; the attacker only needs to send netlink commands while the module exit path runs.\nS:U - Impact remains within the local kernel\u2019s authority; this is not a VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or other cross-boundary breakout.\nC:H - The race is a use-after-free of nbd/debugfs/idr state during teardown, which can be leveraged for disclosure of freed kernel memory contents under the higher-severity UAF scoring rule.\nI:H - The same UAF on kernel objects during module cleanup can be abused for corruption/control-flow hijack primitives, not merely a crash.\nA:H - The documented outcome is a kernel NULL pointer dereference oops during nbd_genl_connect while the module is going away, which is a full availability impact."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T08:54:41.429Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
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{
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},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/06c4da89c24e7023ea448cadf8e9daf06a0aae6e"
}
],
"title": "nbd: call genl_unregister_family() first in nbd_cleanup()",
"x_generator": {
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"cveMetadata": {
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"cveId": "CVE-2022-49295",
"datePublished": "2025-02-26T02:01:25.659Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-02-26T01:49:39.302Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T08:54:41.429Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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