Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2022-21685 (GCVE-0-2022-21685)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-01-14 17:05 – Updated: 2025-04-23 19:11

Title

Integer underflow in Frontier

Summary

Frontier is Substrate's Ethereum compatibility layer. Prior to commit number `8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664`, a bug in Frontier's MODEXP precompile implementation can cause an integer underflow in certain conditions. This will cause a node crash for debug builds. For release builds (and production WebAssembly binaries), the impact is limited as it can only cause a normal EVM out-of-gas. Users who do not use MODEXP precompile in their runtime are not impacted. A patch is available in pull request #549.

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-04-23 14:12 UTC

CWE

CWE-191 - Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound)

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7843 records in the last 180 days details

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/a…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/8a9…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
paritytech	frontier	Affected: < 8a93fdc	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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                                "version_value": "\u003c 8a93fdc"
                              }
                            ]
                          }
                        }
                      ]
                    },
                    "vendor_name": "paritytech"
                  }
                ]
              }
            },
            "data_format": "MITRE",
            "data_type": "CVE",
            "data_version": "4.0",
            "description": {
              "description_data": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "Frontier is Substrate\u0027s Ethereum compatibility layer. Prior to commit number `8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664`, a bug in Frontier\u0027s MODEXP precompile implementation can cause an integer underflow in certain conditions. This will cause a node crash for debug builds. For release builds (and production WebAssembly binaries), the impact is limited as it can only cause a normal EVM out-of-gas. Users who do not use MODEXP precompile in their runtime are not impacted. A patch is available in pull request #549."
                }
              ]
            },
            "impact": {
              "cvss": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 6.5,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              }
            },
            "problemtype": {
              "problemtype_data": [
                {
                  "description": [
                    {
                      "lang": "eng",
                      "value": "CWE-191: Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound)"
                    }
                  ]
                }
              ]
            },
            "references": {
              "reference_data": [
                {
                  "name": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4",
                  "refsource": "CONFIRM",
                  "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4"
                },
                {
                  "name": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549",
                  "refsource": "MISC",
                  "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549"
                },
                {
                  "name": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664",
                  "refsource": "MISC",
                  "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664"
                }
              ]
            },
            "source": {
              "advisory": "GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4",
              "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
            }
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
        "cveId": "CVE-2022-21685",
        "datePublished": "2022-01-14T17:05:11.000Z",
        "dateReserved": "2021-11-16T00:00:00.000Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2025-04-23T19:11:58.958Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}

CNVD-2022-06893

Vulnerability from cnvd - Published: 2022-01-26

Title

Frontier数字错误漏洞

Description

Frontier是一个 Substrate 的以太坊兼容层。用于运行未经修改的以太坊Dapp。 Frontier中存在数字错误漏洞，该漏洞源于Frontier的MODEXP预编译实现中的一个错误可能会在某些情况下导致整数下溢。这将导致调试构建的节点崩溃。目前没有详细的漏洞细节提供。

Severity

中

Formal description

目前厂商暂未发布修复措施解决此安全问题，建议使用此软件的用户随时关注厂商主页或参考网址以获取解决办法： https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549

Reference

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21685

Impacted products

Name
parity frontier <=2022-01-13

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cves": {
    "cve": {
      "cveNumber": "CVE-2022-21685"
    }
  },
  "description": "Frontier\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a Substrate \u7684\u4ee5\u592a\u574a\u517c\u5bb9\u5c42\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u672a\u7ecf\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u4ee5\u592a\u574aDapp\u3002\n\nFrontier\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u9519\u8bef\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u8be5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6e90\u4e8eFrontier\u7684MODEXP\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u6570\u4e0b\u6ea2\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u8c03\u8bd5\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5d29\u6e83\u3002 \u76ee\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7ec6\u8282\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002",
  "formalWay": "\u76ee\u524d\u5382\u5546\u6682\u672a\u53d1\u5e03\u4fee\u590d\u63aa\u65bd\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u7528\u6237\u968f\u65f6\u5173\u6ce8\u5382\u5546\u4e3b\u9875\u6216\u53c2\u8003\u7f51\u5740\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\uff1a\r\nhttps://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549",
  "isEvent": "\u901a\u7528\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u6f0f\u6d1e",
  "number": "CNVD-2022-06893",
  "openTime": "2022-01-26",
  "products": {
    "product": "parity frontier \u003c=2022-01-13"
  },
  "referenceLink": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21685",
  "serverity": "\u4e2d",
  "submitTime": "2022-01-18",
  "title": "Frontier\u6570\u5b57\u9519\u8bef\u6f0f\u6d1e"
}

FKIE_CVE-2022-21685

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2022-01-14 17:15 - Updated: 2026-06-17 04:26

Severity

6.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
6.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Summary

References

URL	Tags
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664	Patch, Third Party Advisory
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549	Patch, Third Party Advisory
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4	Patch, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664	Patch, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549	Patch, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4	Patch, Third Party Advisory

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	parity	frontier	*

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "frontier",
          "vendor": "paritytech",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 8a93fdc"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:parity:frontier:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "3A4B1256-AD46-4572-AAD3-0E35CA31193E",
              "versionEndIncluding": "2022-01-13",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Frontier is Substrate\u0027s Ethereum compatibility layer. Prior to commit number `8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664`, a bug in Frontier\u0027s MODEXP precompile implementation can cause an integer underflow in certain conditions. This will cause a node crash for debug builds. For release builds (and production WebAssembly binaries), the impact is limited as it can only cause a normal EVM out-of-gas. Users who do not use MODEXP precompile in their runtime are not impacted. A patch is available in pull request #549."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Frontier es la capa de compatibilidad con Ethereum de Substrate. Antes del n\u00famero de commit \"8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664\", un error en la implementaci\u00f3n de precompilaci\u00f3n MODEXP de Frontier puede causar un desbordamiento de enteros en determinadas condiciones. Esto causar\u00e1 un bloqueo del nodo en las versiones de depuraci\u00f3n. Para las compilaciones de lanzamiento (y los binarios WebAssembly de producci\u00f3n), el impacto es limitado, ya que s\u00f3lo puede causar un desbordamiento normal de EVM. Los usuarios que no usan la precompilaci\u00f3n MODEXP en su tiempo de ejecuci\u00f3n no est\u00e1n afectados. Un parche est\u00e1 disponible en el pull request #549"
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2022-21685",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T04:26:45.607",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV2": [
      {
        "acInsufInfo": false,
        "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
        "cvssData": {
          "accessComplexity": "LOW",
          "accessVector": "NETWORK",
          "authentication": "SINGLE",
          "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL",
          "baseScore": 4.0,
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:N/A:P",
          "version": "2.0"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 8.0,
        "impactScore": 2.9,
        "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
        "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
        "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary",
        "userInteractionRequired": false
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 6.5,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      },
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 6.5,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2022-21685",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2025-04-23T14:12:12.868137Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2022-01-14T17:15:13.333",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-191"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    },
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-191"
        }
      ],
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CJG2-2FJG-FPH4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-14 21:03 – Updated: 2024-10-24 21:50

Summary

Integer underflow in Frontier

Details

Impact

A bug in Frontier's MODEXP precompile implementation can cause an integer underflow in certain conditions. This will cause a node crash for debug builds. For release builds (and production WebAssembly binaries), the impact is limited as it can only cause a normal EVM out-of-gas. It is recommended that you apply the patch as soon as possible.

If you do not use MODEXP precompile in your runtime, then you are not impacted.

Patches

Patches are applied in PR #549.

Workarounds

None.

References

Patch PR: #549

Credits

Thanks to SR-Labs for discovering the security vulnerability, and thanks to PureStake team for the patches.

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in the Frontier repo

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "pallet-evm-precompile-modexp"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.0.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-21685"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-191"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-01-14T19:58:51Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-14T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nA bug in Frontier\u0027s MODEXP precompile implementation can cause an integer underflow in certain conditions. This will cause a node crash for debug builds. For release builds (and production WebAssembly binaries), the impact is limited as it can only cause a normal EVM out-of-gas. It is recommended that you apply the patch as soon as possible.\n\nIf you do not use MODEXP precompile in your runtime, then you are not impacted.\n\n### Patches\n\nPatches are applied in PR #549.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nNone.\n\n### References\n\nPatch PR: #549\n\n### Credits\n\nThanks to SR-Labs for discovering the security vulnerability, and thanks to PureStake team for the patches.\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in the [Frontier repo](https://github.com/paritytech/frontier)\n",
  "id": "GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4",
  "modified": "2024-10-24T21:50:43Z",
  "published": "2022-01-14T21:03:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21685"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [],
  "summary": "Integer underflow in Frontier"
}

GSD-2022-21685

Vulnerability from gsd - Updated: 2023-12-13 01:19

Details

Aliases

CVE-2022-21685

Aliases

CVE-2022-21685

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "GSD": {
    "alias": "CVE-2022-21685",
    "description": "Frontier is Substrate\u0027s Ethereum compatibility layer. Prior to commit number `8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664`, a bug in Frontier\u0027s MODEXP precompile implementation can cause an integer underflow in certain conditions. This will cause a node crash for debug builds. For release builds (and production WebAssembly binaries), the impact is limited as it can only cause a normal EVM out-of-gas. Users who do not use MODEXP precompile in their runtime are not impacted. A patch is available in pull request #549.",
    "id": "GSD-2022-21685"
  },
  "gsd": {
    "metadata": {
      "exploitCode": "unknown",
      "remediation": "unknown",
      "reportConfidence": "confirmed",
      "type": "vulnerability"
    },
    "osvSchema": {
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2022-21685"
      ],
      "details": "Frontier is Substrate\u0027s Ethereum compatibility layer. Prior to commit number `8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664`, a bug in Frontier\u0027s MODEXP precompile implementation can cause an integer underflow in certain conditions. This will cause a node crash for debug builds. For release builds (and production WebAssembly binaries), the impact is limited as it can only cause a normal EVM out-of-gas. Users who do not use MODEXP precompile in their runtime are not impacted. A patch is available in pull request #549.",
      "id": "GSD-2022-21685",
      "modified": "2023-12-13T01:19:14.826887Z",
      "schema_version": "1.4.0"
    }
  },
  "namespaces": {
    "cve.org": {
      "CVE_data_meta": {
        "ASSIGNER": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "ID": "CVE-2022-21685",
        "STATE": "PUBLIC",
        "TITLE": "Integer underflow in Frontier"
      },
      "affects": {
        "vendor": {
          "vendor_data": [
            {
              "product": {
                "product_data": [
                  {
                    "product_name": "frontier",
                    "version": {
                      "version_data": [
                        {
                          "version_value": "\u003c 8a93fdc"
                        }
                      ]
                    }
                  }
                ]
              },
              "vendor_name": "paritytech"
            }
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      "description": {
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            "lang": "eng",
            "value": "Frontier is Substrate\u0027s Ethereum compatibility layer. Prior to commit number `8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664`, a bug in Frontier\u0027s MODEXP precompile implementation can cause an integer underflow in certain conditions. This will cause a node crash for debug builds. For release builds (and production WebAssembly binaries), the impact is limited as it can only cause a normal EVM out-of-gas. Users who do not use MODEXP precompile in their runtime are not impacted. A patch is available in pull request #549."
          }
        ]
      },
      "impact": {
        "cvss": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 6.5,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        }
      },
      "problemtype": {
        "problemtype_data": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "eng",
                "value": "CWE-191: Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound)"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      "references": {
        "reference_data": [
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4",
            "refsource": "CONFIRM",
            "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549",
            "refsource": "MISC",
            "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664",
            "refsource": "MISC",
            "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664"
          }
        ]
      },
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      }
    },
    "nvd.nist.gov": {
      "configurations": {
        "CVE_data_version": "4.0",
        "nodes": [
          {
            "children": [],
            "cpe_match": [
              {
                "cpe23Uri": "cpe:2.3:a:parity:frontier:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                "cpe_name": [],
                "versionEndIncluding": "2022-01-13",
                "vulnerable": true
              }
            ],
            "operator": "OR"
          }
        ]
      },
      "cve": {
        "CVE_data_meta": {
          "ASSIGNER": "security-advisories@github.com",
          "ID": "CVE-2022-21685"
        },
        "data_format": "MITRE",
        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
          "description_data": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Frontier is Substrate\u0027s Ethereum compatibility layer. Prior to commit number `8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664`, a bug in Frontier\u0027s MODEXP precompile implementation can cause an integer underflow in certain conditions. This will cause a node crash for debug builds. For release builds (and production WebAssembly binaries), the impact is limited as it can only cause a normal EVM out-of-gas. Users who do not use MODEXP precompile in their runtime are not impacted. A patch is available in pull request #549."
            }
          ]
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "CWE-191"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4",
              "refsource": "CONFIRM",
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                "Patch",
                "Third Party Advisory"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-cjg2-2fjg-fph4"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "tags": [
                "Patch",
                "Third Party Advisory"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/549"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "tags": [
                "Patch",
                "Third Party Advisory"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/8a93fdc6c9f4eb1d2f2a11b7ff1d12d70bf5a664"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "impact": {
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          "acInsufInfo": false,
          "cvssV2": {
            "accessComplexity": "LOW",
            "accessVector": "NETWORK",
            "authentication": "SINGLE",
            "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL",
            "baseScore": 4.0,
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:N/A:P",
            "version": "2.0"
          },
          "exploitabilityScore": 8.0,
          "impactScore": 2.9,
          "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
          "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
          "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
          "severity": "MEDIUM",
          "userInteractionRequired": false
        },
        "baseMetricV3": {
          "cvssV3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 6.5,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
          "impactScore": 3.6
        }
      },
      "lastModifiedDate": "2022-01-21T20:40Z",
      "publishedDate": "2022-01-14T17:15Z"
    }
  }
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

Order JSON

How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

Publication & reservation Sightings KEV catalogs Other timestamps

Loading timeline…

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2022-21685 (GCVE-0-2022-21685)

CNVD-2022-06893

FKIE_CVE-2022-21685

GHSA-CJG2-2FJG-FPH4

Impact

Patches

Workarounds

References

Credits

For more information

GSD-2022-21685

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Vulnerability timeline

Related by attack behaviour