CVE-2019-11742 (GCVE-0-2019-11742)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2019-09-27 17:18 – Updated: 2024-08-04 23:03- Same-origin policy violation with SVG filters and canvas to steal cross-origin images
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1559715 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-annou… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_SUSE |
| http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-annou… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_SUSE |
| http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-annou… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_SUSE |
| http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-annou… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_SUSE |
| https://usn.ubuntu.com/4150-1/ | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_UBUNTU |
| https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201911-07 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_GENTOO |
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mozilla | Firefox |
Affected:
unspecified , < 69
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Mozilla | Thunderbird |
Affected:
unspecified , < 68.1
(custom)
Affected: unspecified , < 60.9 (custom) |
guessed | |
| Mozilla | Firefox ESR |
Affected:
unspecified , < 60.9
(custom)
Affected: unspecified , < 68.1 (custom) |
guessed |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-04T23:03:32.489Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1559715"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-25/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-27/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-26/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-29/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-30/"
},
{
"name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2248",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_SUSE",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00010.html"
},
{
"name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2249",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_SUSE",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00009.html"
},
{
"name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2251",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_SUSE",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00011.html"
},
{
"name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2260",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_SUSE",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00017.html"
},
{
"name": "USN-4150-1",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_UBUNTU",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4150-1/"
},
{
"name": "GLSA-201911-07",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_GENTOO",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201911-07"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "Firefox",
"vendor": "Mozilla",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "69",
"status": "affected",
"version": "unspecified",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"product": "Thunderbird",
"vendor": "Mozilla",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "68.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "unspecified",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"lessThan": "60.9",
"status": "affected",
"version": "unspecified",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"product": "Firefox ESR",
"vendor": "Mozilla",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "60.9",
"status": "affected",
"version": "unspecified",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"lessThan": "68.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "unspecified",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A same-origin policy violation occurs allowing the theft of cross-origin images through a combination of SVG filters and a \u0026lt;canvas\u0026gt; element due to an error in how same-origin policy is applied to cached image content. The resulting same-origin policy violation could allow for data theft. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 69, Thunderbird \u003c 68.1, Thunderbird \u003c 60.9, Firefox ESR \u003c 60.9, and Firefox ESR \u003c 68.1."
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"description": "Same-origin policy violation with SVG filters and canvas to steal cross-origin images",
"lang": "en",
"type": "text"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2019-11-25T01:07:09.000Z",
"orgId": "f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe",
"shortName": "mozilla"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1559715"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-25/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-27/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-26/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-29/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-30/"
},
{
"name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2248",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_SUSE"
],
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00010.html"
},
{
"name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2249",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_SUSE"
],
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00009.html"
},
{
"name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2251",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_SUSE"
],
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00011.html"
},
{
"name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2260",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_SUSE"
],
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00017.html"
},
{
"name": "USN-4150-1",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_UBUNTU"
],
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4150-1/"
},
{
"name": "GLSA-201911-07",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_GENTOO"
],
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201911-07"
}
],
"x_legacyV4Record": {
"CVE_data_meta": {
"ASSIGNER": "security@mozilla.org",
"ID": "CVE-2019-11742",
"STATE": "PUBLIC"
},
"affects": {
"vendor": {
"vendor_data": [
{
"product": {
"product_data": [
{
"product_name": "Firefox",
"version": {
"version_data": [
{
"version_affected": "\u003c",
"version_value": "69"
}
]
}
},
{
"product_name": "Thunderbird",
"version": {
"version_data": [
{
"version_affected": "\u003c",
"version_value": "68.1"
},
{
"version_affected": "\u003c",
"version_value": "60.9"
}
]
}
},
{
"product_name": "Firefox ESR",
"version": {
"version_data": [
{
"version_affected": "\u003c",
"version_value": "60.9"
},
{
"version_affected": "\u003c",
"version_value": "68.1"
}
]
}
}
]
},
"vendor_name": "Mozilla"
}
]
}
},
"data_format": "MITRE",
"data_type": "CVE",
"data_version": "4.0",
"description": {
"description_data": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "A same-origin policy violation occurs allowing the theft of cross-origin images through a combination of SVG filters and a \u0026lt;canvas\u0026gt; element due to an error in how same-origin policy is applied to cached image content. The resulting same-origin policy violation could allow for data theft. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 69, Thunderbird \u003c 68.1, Thunderbird \u003c 60.9, Firefox ESR \u003c 60.9, and Firefox ESR \u003c 68.1."
}
]
},
"problemtype": {
"problemtype_data": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "Same-origin policy violation with SVG filters and canvas to steal cross-origin images"
}
]
}
]
},
"references": {
"reference_data": [
{
"name": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1559715",
"refsource": "MISC",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1559715"
},
{
"name": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-25/",
"refsource": "CONFIRM",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-25/"
},
{
"name": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-27/",
"refsource": "CONFIRM",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-27/"
},
{
"name": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-26/",
"refsource": "CONFIRM",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-26/"
},
{
"name": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-29/",
"refsource": "CONFIRM",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-29/"
},
{
"name": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-30/",
"refsource": "CONFIRM",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-30/"
},
{
"name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2248",
"refsource": "SUSE",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00010.html"
},
{
"name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2249",
"refsource": "SUSE",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00009.html"
},
{
"name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2251",
"refsource": "SUSE",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00011.html"
},
{
"name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2260",
"refsource": "SUSE",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00017.html"
},
{
"name": "USN-4150-1",
"refsource": "UBUNTU",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4150-1/"
},
{
"name": "GLSA-201911-07",
"refsource": "GENTOO",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201911-07"
}
]
}
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe",
"assignerShortName": "mozilla",
"cveId": "CVE-2019-11742",
"datePublished": "2019-09-27T17:18:22.000Z",
"dateReserved": "2019-05-03T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-04T23:03:32.489Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2019-11742",
"date": "2026-11-08",
"epss": "0.01692",
"percentile": "0.7726"
},
"nvd": {
"cve": {
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "D231E5FC-4EBD-425A-95A9-634A155E2A33",
"versionEndExcluding": "60.9.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "299AA921-46BD-4E9F-8D74-F304F44C6EB4",
"versionEndExcluding": "69.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox_esr:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "FE2AF870-C78F-49CA-B92B-F2E82F1C0B98",
"versionEndExcluding": "68.1.0",
"versionStartIncluding": "68.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "6767554B-7534-4C6A-8E34-F389CD3B8934",
"versionEndExcluding": "60.9.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "1BA30451-E9AB-4FAE-AA49-91FCCFBE3377",
"versionEndExcluding": "68.1.0",
"versionStartIncluding": "68.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A same-origin policy violation occurs allowing the theft of cross-origin images through a combination of SVG filters and a \u0026lt;canvas\u0026gt; element due to an error in how same-origin policy is applied to cached image content. The resulting same-origin policy violation could allow for data theft. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 69, Thunderbird \u003c 68.1, Thunderbird \u003c 60.9, Firefox ESR \u003c 60.9, and Firefox ESR \u003c 68.1."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "Se presenta una violaci\u00f3n de la pol\u00edtica del mismo origen, que permite el robo de im\u00e1genes de origen cruzado por medio de una combinaci\u00f3n de filtros SVG y un elemento \u0026lt;canvas\u0026gt; debido a un error en c\u00f3mo es aplicada la pol\u00edtica del mismo origen para el contenido de imagen en la memoria cach\u00e9. La violaci\u00f3n de la pol\u00edtica del mismo origen resultante podr\u00eda permitir el robo de datos. Esta vulnerabilidad afecta a Firefox versiones anteriores a 69, Thunderbird versiones anteriores a 68.1, Thunderbird versiones anteriores a 60.9, Firefox versiones anteriores a 60.9 y Firefox ESR versiones anteriores a 68.1."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2019-11742",
"lastModified": "2025-11-25T17:50:16.803",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV2": [
{
"acInsufInfo": false,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"cvssData": {
"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM",
"accessVector": "NETWORK",
"authentication": "NONE",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 4.3,
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N",
"version": "2.0"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 8.6,
"impactScore": 2.9,
"obtainAllPrivilege": false,
"obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
"obtainUserPrivilege": false,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary",
"userInteractionRequired": true
}
],
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
"impactScore": 3.6,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
},
"published": "2019-09-27T18:15:11.943",
"references": [
{
"source": "security@mozilla.org",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00009.html"
},
{
"source": "security@mozilla.org",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00010.html"
},
{
"source": "security@mozilla.org",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00011.html"
},
{
"source": "security@mozilla.org",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00017.html"
},
{
"source": "security@mozilla.org",
"tags": [
"Issue Tracking",
"Permissions Required",
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1559715"
},
{
"source": "security@mozilla.org",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201911-07"
},
{
"source": "security@mozilla.org",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4150-1/"
},
{
"source": "security@mozilla.org",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-25/"
},
{
"source": "security@mozilla.org",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-26/"
},
{
"source": "security@mozilla.org",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-27/"
},
{
"source": "security@mozilla.org",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-29/"
},
{
"source": "security@mozilla.org",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-30/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00009.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00010.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00011.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00017.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Issue Tracking",
"Permissions Required",
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1559715"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201911-07"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4150-1/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-25/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-26/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-27/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-29/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-30/"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "security@mozilla.org",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-829"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Important",
"current_release_date": "2026-11-04T20:41:14+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2019-11742",
"id": "CVE-2019-11742",
"initial_release_date": "2019-09-03T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:fixed": "101",
"product_status:known_affected": "2",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "Mozilla: Same-origin policy violation with SVG filters and canvas to steal cross-origin images",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2019/cve-2019-11742.json",
"version": "3"
}
}
}
Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
How durations are calculated
Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.
Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.
Loading timeline…
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.