CWE-73
External Control of File Name or Path
The product allows user input to control or influence paths or file names that are used in filesystem operations.
CVE-2025-21377 (GCVE-0-2025-21377)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-11 17:58 – Updated: 2026-02-13 19:44
VLAI
Title
NTLM Hash Disclosure Spoofing Vulnerability
Summary
NTLM Hash Disclosure Spoofing Vulnerability
Severity
CWE
- CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
25 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 |
Affected:
10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.20915
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7785
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.6893
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.5487
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.5487
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.4890
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.4890
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.4890
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.3194
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27566
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27566
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23117
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23117
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25317
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25317
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22417
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22417
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7785
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7785
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.6893
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.6893
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.3207
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1425
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.3194
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.3194
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-02-11 08:00
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"product": "Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
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"product": "Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
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"lessThan": "6.1.7601.27566",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.1.7601.0",
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},
{
"platforms": [
"32-bit Systems",
"x64-based Systems"
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"product": "Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "6.0.6003.23117",
"status": "affected",
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"product": "Windows Server 2016",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
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CVE-2025-24054 (GCVE-0-2025-24054)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-11 16:59 – Updated: 2026-02-13 19:38
VLAI
Title
NTLM Hash Disclosure Spoofing Vulnerability
Summary
External control of file name or path in Windows NTLM allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
23 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 |
Affected:
10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.20947
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7876
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7009
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.5608
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.5608
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.5039
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5039
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5039
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.3476
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27618
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27618
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25368
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25368
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22470
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22470
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7876
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7876
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7009
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7009
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.3328
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1486
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.3476
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.3476
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-03-11 07:00
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CVE-2025-2409 (GCVE-0-2025-2409)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-22 17:35 – Updated: 2025-05-22 18:44
VLAI
Title
Admin Authorized System File corruption
Summary
File corruption vulnerabilities in ASPECT provide attackers access to overwrite sys-tem files if session administrator credentials become compromised
This issue affects ASPECT-Enterprise: through 3.08.03; NEXUS Series: through 3.08.03; MATRIX Series: through 3.08.03.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ABB | ASPECT-Enterprise |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.08.03
(custom)
|
|
| ABB | NEXUS Series |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.08.03
(custom)
|
|
| ABB | MATRIX Series |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.08.03
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-24996 (GCVE-0-2025-24996)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-11 16:59 – Updated: 2026-02-13 19:38
VLAI
Title
NTLM Hash Disclosure Spoofing Vulnerability
Summary
External control of file name or path in Windows NTLM allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
23 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 |
Affected:
10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.20947
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7876
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7009
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.5608
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.5608
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.5039
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5039
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5039
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.3476
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27618
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27618
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25368
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25368
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22470
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22470
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7876
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7876
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7009
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7009
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.3328
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1486
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.3476
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.3476
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-03-11 07:00
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"product": "Windows 11 Version 24H2",
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"product": "Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
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"lessThan": "6.1.7601.27618",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.1.7601.0",
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"product": "Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
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{
"platforms": [
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],
"product": "Windows Server 2012",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
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"lessThan": "6.2.9200.25368",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.2.9200.0",
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"product": "Windows Server 2016",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
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"product": "Windows Server 2019",
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CVE-2025-26646 (GCVE-0-2025-26646)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-13 21:39 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:28
VLAI
Title
.NET, Visual Studio, and Build Tools for Visual Studio Spoofing Vulnerability
Summary
External control of file name or path in .NET, Visual Studio, and Build Tools for Visual Studio allows an authorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
7 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | .NET 8.0 |
Affected:
8.0.0 , < 8.0.16
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | .NET 9.0 |
Affected:
9.0.0 , < 9.0.5
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Build Tools for Visual Studio 2022 |
Affected:
17.0 , < Fixed Version 17.13.7
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.10 |
Affected:
17.10.0 , < 17.10.15
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.12 |
Affected:
17.12.0 , < 17.12.8
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.13 |
Affected:
17.13.0 , < 17.13.7
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.8 |
Affected:
17.8.0 , < 17.8.21
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-05-13 07:00
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CVE-2025-26684 (GCVE-0-2025-26684)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-13 16:58 – Updated: 2026-02-13 19:20
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Defender Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
External control of file name or path in Microsoft Defender for Endpoint allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Defender for Endpoint for Linux |
Affected:
101.0.0 , < 101.25032.0010
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-05-13 07:00
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CVE-2025-27137 (GCVE-0-2025-27137)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-24 20:59 – Updated: 2025-02-25 14:34
VLAI
Title
Dependency-Track vulnerable to local file inclusion via custom notification templates
Summary
Dependency-Track is a component analysis platform that allows organizations to identify and reduce risk in the software supply chain. Dependency-Track allows users with the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission to customize notification templates. Templates are evaluated using the Pebble template engine. Pebble supports an `include` tag, which allows template authors to include the content of arbitrary files upon evaluation. Prior to version 4.12.6, users of Dependency-Track with the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission can abuse the `include` tag by crafting notification templates that `include` sensitive local files, such as `/etc/passwd` or `/proc/1/environ`. By configuring such a template for a notification rule (aka "Alert"), and having it send notifications to a destination controlled by the actor, sensitive information may be leaked. The issue has been fixed in Dependency-Track 4.12.6. In fixed versions, the `include` tag can no longer be used. Usage of the tag will cause template evaluation to fail. As a workaround, avoid assigning the `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission to untrusted users. The `SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION` permission per default is only granted to members of the `Administrators` team. Assigning this permission to non-administrative users or teams is a security risk in itself, and highly discouraged.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-tra… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/security-research/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/issues/680 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-tra… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/DependencyTrack/dependency-tra… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://pebbletemplates.io/wiki/tag/include | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DependencyTrack | dependency-track |
Affected:
< 4.12.6
|
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CVE-2025-27147 (GCVE-0-2025-27147)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-25 14:26 – Updated: 2025-03-25 14:40
VLAI
Title
GLPI Inventory plugin has Improper Access Control Vulnerability
Summary
The GLPI Inventory Plugin handles various types of tasks for GLPI agents, including network discovery and inventory (SNMP), software deployment, VMWare ESX host remote inventory, and data collection (files, Windows registry, WMI). Versions prior to 1.5.0 have an improper access control vulnerability. Version 1.5.0 fixes the vulnerability.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/glpi-project/glpi-inventory-pl… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/glpi-project/glpi-inventory-pl… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| glpi-project | glpi-inventory-plugin |
Affected:
< 1.5.0
|
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CVE-2025-29819 (GCVE-0-2025-29819)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-08 17:24 – Updated: 2026-02-13 19:33
VLAI
Title
Windows Admin Center in Azure Portal Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
External control of file name or path in Azure Portal Windows Admin Center allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows Admin Center |
Affected:
1809.0 , < 2.4.2.1
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Admin Center in Azure Portal |
Affected:
1.0 , < 0.45.0.0
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-04-08 07:00
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CVE-2025-2982 (GCVE-0-2025-2982)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-31 07:31 – Updated: 2025-03-31 12:39
VLAI
Title
Legrand SMS PowerView file inclusion
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Legrand SMS PowerView 1.x. Affected is an unknown function. The manipulation of the argument redirect leads to file inclusion. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
6.3 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-73 - File Inclusion
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.302034 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.302034 | signaturepermissions-required |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Legrand | SMS PowerView |
Affected:
1.x
|
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- When the set of filenames is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames, and reject all other inputs. For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap provide this capability.
Mitigation
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Description:
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict all access to files within a particular directory.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5.1
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
- Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59).
Mitigation
Phases: Installation, Operation
Description:
- Use OS-level permissions and run as a low-privileged user to limit the scope of any successful attack.
Mitigation
Phases: Operation, Implementation
Description:
- If you are using PHP, configure your application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop your application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
Mitigation
Phase: Testing
Description:
- Use tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session. These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules.
CAPEC-13: Subverting Environment Variable Values
The adversary directly or indirectly modifies environment variables used by or controlling the target software. The adversary's goal is to cause the target software to deviate from its expected operation in a manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-267: Leverage Alternate Encoding
An adversary leverages the possibility to encode potentially harmful input or content used by applications such that the applications are ineffective at validating this encoding standard.
CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic
This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.
CAPEC-72: URL Encoding
This attack targets the encoding of the URL. An adversary can take advantage of the multiple way of encoding an URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding
This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.
CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding
This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.
CAPEC-80: Using UTF-8 Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic
This attack is a specific variation on leveraging alternate encodings to bypass validation logic. This attack leverages the possibility to encode potentially harmful input in UTF-8 and submit it to applications not expecting or effective at validating this encoding standard making input filtering difficult. UTF-8 (8-bit UCS/Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode. Legal UTF-8 characters are one to four bytes long. However, early version of the UTF-8 specification got some entries wrong (in some cases it permitted overlong characters). UTF-8 encoders are supposed to use the "shortest possible" encoding, but naive decoders may accept encodings that are longer than necessary. According to the RFC 3629, a particularly subtle form of this attack can be carried out against a parser which performs security-critical validity checks against the UTF-8 encoded form of its input, but interprets certain illegal octet sequences as characters.