CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8337 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-QFQ9-H6WF-W6CH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:37 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:37Static code injection vulnerability in admin/admin.php in mxCamArchive 2.2 allows remote authenticated administrators to inject arbitrary PHP code into an unspecified program via the description parameter, which is executed by invocation of index.php. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-6956"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-08-12T10:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Static code injection vulnerability in admin/admin.php in mxCamArchive 2.2 allows remote authenticated administrators to inject arbitrary PHP code into an unspecified program via the description parameter, which is executed by invocation of index.php. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.",
"id": "GHSA-qfq9-h6wf-w6ch",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:37:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:37:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-6956"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/46658"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/7136"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/49887"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32751"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-QFQC-4PQQ-RFMH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-05 21:31 – Updated: 2025-11-05 21:31An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products due to insufficient restrictions in the GraalJS and NashornJS Script Mediator engines. Authenticated users with elevated privileges can execute arbitrary code within the integration runtime environment.
By default, access to these scripting engines is limited to administrators in WSO2 Micro Integrator and WSO2 Enterprise Integrator, while in WSO2 API Manager, access extends to both administrators and API creators. This may allow trusted-but-privileged users to perform unauthorized actions or compromise the execution environment.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-11093"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-05T19:15:49Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products due to insufficient restrictions in the GraalJS and NashornJS Script Mediator engines. Authenticated users with elevated privileges can execute arbitrary code within the integration runtime environment.\n\nBy default, access to these scripting engines is limited to administrators in WSO2 Micro Integrator and WSO2 Enterprise Integrator, while in WSO2 API Manager, access extends to both administrators and API creators. This may allow trusted-but-privileged users to perform unauthorized actions or compromise the execution environment.",
"id": "GHSA-qfqc-4pqq-rfmh",
"modified": "2025-11-05T21:31:01Z",
"published": "2025-11-05T21:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11093"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2025-4510"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QFV4-Q44R-G7RV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-22 16:35 – Updated: 2025-01-03 16:06Summary
Grav validates accessible functions through the Utils::isDangerousFunction function, but does not impose restrictions on twig functions like twig_array_map, allowing attackers to bypass the validation and execute arbitrary commands.
Details
{{ grav.twig.twig.getFunction('twig_array_map')|var_dump }}
When we accessed twig_array_map like this, we confirmed that the twigFunction object is properly returned. Since the callable property is correctly included, we can access twig_array_map without any restrictions.
{% set cmd = {'id':'system'} %}
{{ twig_array_map(grav.twig.twig,cmd,'call_user_func')|join }}
Since there is no validation on twig_array_map itself, it is possible to call arbitrary function using call_user_func.
PoC
{% set cmd = {'id':'system'} %}
{{ twig_array_map(grav.twig.twig,cmd,'call_user_func')|join }}
Impact
Twig processing of static pages can be enabled in the front matter by any administrative user allowed to create or edit pages. As the Twig processor runs unsandboxed, this behavior can be used to gain arbitrary code execution and elevate privileges on the instance.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "getgrav/grav"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.7.45"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-28117"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-03-22T16:35:48Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-21T22:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\nGrav validates accessible functions through the Utils::isDangerousFunction function, but does not impose restrictions on twig functions like twig_array_map, allowing attackers to bypass the validation and execute arbitrary commands.\n\n### Details\n```\n{{ grav.twig.twig.getFunction(\u0027twig_array_map\u0027)|var_dump }}\n```\n\n\nWhen we accessed twig_array_map like this, we confirmed that the twigFunction object is properly returned. Since the callable property is correctly included, we can access twig_array_map without any restrictions.\n\n```\n{% set cmd = {\u0027id\u0027:\u0027system\u0027} %}\n{{ twig_array_map(grav.twig.twig,cmd,\u0027call_user_func\u0027)|join }}\n```\nSince there is no validation on twig_array_map itself, it is possible to call arbitrary function using call_user_func.\n\n### PoC\n```\n{% set cmd = {\u0027id\u0027:\u0027system\u0027} %}\n{{ twig_array_map(grav.twig.twig,cmd,\u0027call_user_func\u0027)|join }}\n```\n\n### Impact\nTwig processing of static pages can be enabled in the front matter by any administrative user allowed to create or edit pages.\nAs the Twig processor runs unsandboxed, this behavior can be used to gain arbitrary code execution and elevate privileges on the instance.\n",
"id": "GHSA-qfv4-q44r-g7rv",
"modified": "2025-01-03T16:06:28Z",
"published": "2024-03-22T16:35:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisories/GHSA-qfv4-q44r-g7rv"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28117"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/de1ccfa12dbcbf526104d68c1a6bc202a98698fe"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/getgrav/grav"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Server Side Template Injection (SSTI)"
}
GHSA-QG22-QXJF-9F4F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 00:09 – Updated: 2022-05-02 00:09Husdawg, LLC Systems Requirements Lab 3, as used by Instant Expert Analysis, allows remote attackers to force the download and execution of arbitrary programs via by specifiying a malicious website argument to the Init method in (1) a certain ActiveX control (sysreqlab2.cab, sysreqlab.dll, sysreqlabsli.dll, or sysreqlab2.dll) and (2) a certain Java applet in RLApplet.class in sysreqlab2.jar or sysreqlab.jar.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-4385"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-10-14T21:10:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Husdawg, LLC Systems Requirements Lab 3, as used by Instant Expert Analysis, allows remote attackers to force the download and execution of arbitrary programs via by specifiying a malicious website argument to the Init method in (1) a certain ActiveX control (sysreqlab2.cab, sysreqlab.dll, sysreqlabsli.dll, or sysreqlab2.dll) and (2) a certain Java applet in RLApplet.class in sysreqlab2.jar or sysreqlab.jar.",
"id": "GHSA-qg22-qxjf-9f4f",
"modified": "2022-05-02T00:09:38Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T00:09:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-4385"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/45873"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/166651"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.sec-consult.com/files/20081016-0_sysreqlab.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/497400"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/31752"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.systemrequirementslab.com/bulletins/security_bulletin_1.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-QG2H-86FW-X9X4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-05 21:30 – Updated: 2026-03-17 18:30An issue in Aranda Service Desk Web Edition (ASDK API 8.6) allows authenticated attackers to achieve remote code execution due to improper validation of uploaded files. An authenticated user can upload a crafted web.config file by sending a crafted POST request to /ASDKAPI/api/v8.6/item/addfile, which is processed by the ASP.NET runtime. The uploaded configuration file alters the execution context of the upload directory, enabling compilation and execution of attacker-controlled code (e.g., generation of an .aspx webshell). This allows remote command execution on the server without user interaction beyond authentication, impacting both On-Premise and SaaS deployments.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-70995"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-05T21:16:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue in Aranda Service Desk Web Edition (ASDK API 8.6) allows authenticated attackers to achieve remote code execution due to improper validation of uploaded files. An authenticated user can upload a crafted web.config file by sending a crafted POST request to /ASDKAPI/api/v8.6/item/addfile, which is processed by the ASP.NET runtime. The uploaded configuration file alters the execution context of the upload directory, enabling compilation and execution of attacker-controlled code (e.g., generation of an .aspx webshell). This allows remote command execution on the server without user interaction beyond authentication, impacting both On-Premise and SaaS deployments.",
"id": "GHSA-qg2h-86fw-x9x4",
"modified": "2026-03-17T18:30:31Z",
"published": "2026-03-05T21:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-70995"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.arandasoft.com/asdk-api/pages/V1.9/descripcion/adjuntar_archivos.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.arandasoft.com/asdk-v8-release-notes/assets/asdk-v8-release-notes.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/0xcronos/CVE/blob/main/CVE-2025-70995/README.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QG2H-XCFX-85GX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-14 18:30 – Updated: 2024-10-15 18:30A stack overflow vulnerability exists in the sub_402280 function of the HNAP service of D-Link DCS-960L 1.09, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-48168"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-14T17:15:13Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack overflow vulnerability exists in the sub_402280 function of the HNAP service of D-Link DCS-960L 1.09, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-qg2h-xcfx-85gx",
"modified": "2024-10-15T18:30:49Z",
"published": "2024-10-14T18:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48168"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/fu37kola/cve/blob/main/D-Link/DCS-960L/D-Link%20DCS-960L%201.09%20Stack%20overflow_1.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QG33-X2C5-6P44
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-10 21:30 – Updated: 2025-01-21 18:18Langflow allows remote code execution if untrusted users are able to reach the "POST /api/v1/custom_component" endpoint and provide a Python script.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "langflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.15"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-37014"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-913",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-06-11T19:29:16Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-10T20:15:15Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Langflow allows remote code execution if untrusted users are able to reach the \"POST /api/v1/custom_component\" endpoint and provide a Python script.",
"id": "GHSA-qg33-x2c5-6p44",
"modified": "2025-01-21T18:18:10Z",
"published": "2024-06-10T21:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37014"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/issues/1973"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/langflow/PYSEC-2024-177.yaml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Langflow remote code execution vulnerability"
}
GHSA-QG3Q-75WP-XQWP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:16 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:16Multiple static code injection vulnerabilities in post.php in Simple PHP News 1.0 final allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary PHP code into news.txt via the (1) title or (2) date parameter, and then execute the code via a direct request to display.php. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-0610"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-02-17T17:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple static code injection vulnerabilities in post.php in Simple PHP News 1.0 final allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary PHP code into news.txt via the (1) title or (2) date parameter, and then execute the code via a direct request to display.php. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.",
"id": "GHSA-qg3q-75wp-xqwp",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:16:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:16:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-0610"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/51816"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/33814"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-QG4C-RJGJ-MR82
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:33 – Updated: 2023-12-31 21:30Microsoft Teams Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-17091"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-11T07:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Microsoft Teams Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-qg4c-rjgj-mr82",
"modified": "2023-12-31T21:30:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:33:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-17091"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2020-17091"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QG68-CRPM-CH79
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:12IBM API Connect 5.0.0.0 through 5.0.8.11 could allow a user to potentially inject code due to unsanitized user input. IBM X-Force ID: 202774.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-29772"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-26T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "IBM API Connect 5.0.0.0 through 5.0.8.11 could allow a user to potentially inject code due to unsanitized user input. IBM X-Force ID: 202774.",
"id": "GHSA-qg68-crpm-ch79",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:12:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:12:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29772"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/202774"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6483655"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.