CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8301 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-MW75-2Q68-55F6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:07 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:07Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 8 does not properly handle objects in memory in certain circumstances involving use of Microsoft Word to read Word documents, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by accessing an object that (1) was not properly initialized or (2) is deleted, leading to memory corruption, aka "Uninitialized Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-3331"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-10-13T19:00:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 8 does not properly handle objects in memory in certain circumstances involving use of Microsoft Word to read Word documents, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by accessing an object that (1) was not properly initialized or (2) is deleted, leading to memory corruption, aka \"Uninitialized Memory Corruption Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-mw75-2q68-55f6",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:07:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:07:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-3331"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2010/ms10-071"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A6832"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.avaya.com/css/P8/documents/100113324"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA10-285A.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-MW7V-292C-8697
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-12 03:31 – Updated: 2024-06-12 12:30The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in Safari 17.2, macOS Sonoma 14.2, watchOS 10.2, iOS 17.2 and iPadOS 17.2, tvOS 17.2. Processing web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-42890"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-12T01:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in Safari 17.2, macOS Sonoma 14.2, watchOS 10.2, iOS 17.2 and iPadOS 17.2, tvOS 17.2. Processing web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-mw7v-292c-8697",
"modified": "2024-06-12T12:30:39Z",
"published": "2023-12-12T03:31:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42890"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202401-33"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT214035"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT214036"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT214039"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT214040"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT214041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214039"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Dec/12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Dec/13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Dec/6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Dec/7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Dec/9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/12/18/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MWC7-MF87-V3MF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-30 15:30 – Updated: 2026-06-30 15:30LLaMA-Factory through 0.9.5 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers with WebUI access to execute arbitrary Python code by supplying a malicious model path in the Chat or Training interfaces. The application passes user-supplied model path input unvalidated into AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained() and AutoModel.from_pretrained() with a hardcoded trust_remote_code=True parameter, causing the Hugging Face transformers library to fetch and execute arbitrary code from a remote or local model repository with the privileges of the server process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-58116"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T13:19:18Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "LLaMA-Factory through 0.9.5 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers with WebUI access to execute arbitrary Python code by supplying a malicious model path in the Chat or Training interfaces. The application passes user-supplied model path input unvalidated into AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained() and AutoModel.from_pretrained() with a hardcoded trust_remote_code=True parameter, causing the Hugging Face transformers library to fetch and execute arbitrary code from a remote or local model repository with the privileges of the server process.",
"id": "GHSA-mwc7-mf87-v3mf",
"modified": "2026-06-30T15:30:45Z",
"published": "2026-06-30T15:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-58116"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/henrrrychau/08d76ec672f42136bbc1449c4f2973f8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/llama-factory-remote-code-execution-via-webui-model-path"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-MWFG-6WV9-379F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:34 – Updated: 2022-08-05 00:00Go before 1.14.12 and 1.15.x before 1.15.5 allows Code Injection.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-28366"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-18T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Go before 1.14.12 and 1.15.x before 1.15.5 allows Code Injection.",
"id": "GHSA-mwfg-6wv9-379f",
"modified": "2022-08-05T00:00:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:34:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28366"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/golang/go/issues/42559"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.dev/cl/269658"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.dev/issue/42559"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.googlesource.com/go/+/062e0e5ce6df339dc26732438ad771f73dbf2292"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/NpBGTTmKzpM"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rd02e75766cd333a0df417588460f5e4477060633000bfe94955851fd@%3Cissues.trafficcontrol.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2W4COUPL3YVTZ6RTEIT6LPBDJUFF3VSP"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/F3ZSHGNTJWCWYAKY5OLZS2XQQYHSXSUO"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2022-0475"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20201202-0004"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MWGG-25XM-CFPX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:24 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:40The weblog page template in Apache Roller 5.1 through 5.1.1 allows remote authenticated users with admin privileges for a weblog to execute arbitrary Java code via crafted Velocity Text Language (aka VTL).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-0249"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-07-17T13:18:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The weblog page template in Apache Roller 5.1 through 5.1.1 allows remote authenticated users with admin privileges for a weblog to execute arbitrary Java code via crafted Velocity Text Language (aka VTL).",
"id": "GHSA-mwgg-25xm-cfpx",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:40:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:24:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-0249"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/roller-user/201503.mbox/%3CCAF1aazAPWTduVhrPr7WiFaspFdsh21yf0YiSB3UmLjtDVGnfXw%40mail.gmail.com%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/roller-user/201503.mbox/%3CCAF1aazAPWTduVhrPr7WiFaspFdsh21yf0YiSB3UmLjtDVGnfXw@mail.gmail.com%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://cve.killedkenny.io/cve/CVE-2015-0249"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/03/30/13"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MWHJ-QW9V-2HJ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-02 12:30 – Updated: 2025-06-20 21:31An issue in Blurams Lumi Security Camera (A31C) v.2.3.38.12558 allows a physically proximate attackers to execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-51820"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-02T10:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in Blurams Lumi Security Camera (A31C) v.2.3.38.12558 allows a physically proximate attackers to execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-mwhj-qw9v-2hj2",
"modified": "2025-06-20T21:31:55Z",
"published": "2024-02-02T12:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-51820"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/roman-mueller/PoC/tree/master/CVE-2023-51820"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://infosec.rm-it.de/2024/02/01/blurams-lumi-security-camera-analysis"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MWJR-QHM9-8W7V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-21 06:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:33The The kk Star Ratings – Rate Post & Collect User Feedbacks plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 5.4.10. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11977"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-21T06:15:21Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The The kk Star Ratings \u2013 Rate Post \u0026 Collect User Feedbacks plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 5.4.10. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes.",
"id": "GHSA-mwjr-qhm9-8w7v",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:33:46Z",
"published": "2024-12-21T06:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11977"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/kk-star-ratings/tags/5.4.9/src/core/wp/actions/wp_ajax_kk-star-ratings.php#L84"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/5dea49fb-2703-4754-9abd-5f4e526d5570?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MWMQ-M4MJ-6HPV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:11 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:11An issue was discovered in ONAP SDC through Dublin. By accessing port 7001 of demo-sdc-sdc-wfd-be pod, an unauthenticated attacker (who already has access to pod-to-pod communication) may execute arbitrary code inside that pod. All ONAP Operations Manager (OOM) setups are affected.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-12118"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-18T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in ONAP SDC through Dublin. By accessing port 7001 of demo-sdc-sdc-wfd-be pod, an unauthenticated attacker (who already has access to pod-to-pod communication) may execute arbitrary code inside that pod. All ONAP Operations Manager (OOM) setups are affected.",
"id": "GHSA-mwmq-m4mj-6hpv",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:11:46Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:11:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12118"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.onap.org/browse/OJSI-10"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-MWWJ-9427-F5QG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-13 18:31 – Updated: 2025-08-14 15:30An issue in Studio 3T v.2025.1.0 and before allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via a crafted payload to the child_process module
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-52385"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-13T17:15:28Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue in Studio 3T v.2025.1.0 and before allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via a crafted payload to the child_process module",
"id": "GHSA-mwwj-9427-f5qg",
"modified": "2025-08-14T15:30:35Z",
"published": "2025-08-13T18:31:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52385"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/78.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/94.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Kov404/CVE-2025-52385/tree/main"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Studio3T/robomongo"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://robomongo.org"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MWWQ-J3H6-HJC2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-07 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-21 15:30A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Typora up to 1.5.5. Affected is an unknown function of the component WSH JScript Handler. The manipulation leads to code injection. An attack has to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 1.5.8 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-221736.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-1003"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-07T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Typora up to 1.5.5. Affected is an unknown function of the component WSH JScript Handler. The manipulation leads to code injection. An attack has to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 1.5.8 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-221736.",
"id": "GHSA-mwwq-j3h6-hjc2",
"modified": "2023-03-21T15:30:15Z",
"published": "2023-03-07T21:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/typora/typora-issues/issues/5623"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.221736"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.221736"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.