Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-94

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

9600 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-72718 (GCVE-0-2026-72718)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-10 15:33 – Updated: 2026-08-10 17:00
VLAI
Title
goose: Arbitrary command execution in goose CLI via `goose review` via git core.fsmonitor
Summary
goose is general-purpose AI agent that runs on your machine. Prior to 1.44.0, the `goose review` command runs the system `git` executable to gather the diff for review without stripping attacker-controlled Git configuration. A malicious repository whose `.git/config` sets [`core] fsmonitor = <command>` causes Git to execute that command on the host during the index refresh performed by `git diff HEAD`. The command runs before goose contacts a model and without a submitted prompt, model call, tool approval, or trust prompt. The context-gathering Git process is not sandboxed and is outside goose's tool-permission model. Arbitrary commands run with the privileges and environment of the user running goose, allowing file access or modification and exfiltration of environment secrets and provider API keys. The vulnerable Git invocations are built by git_command() in crates/goose-cli/src/commands/review/handler.rs and are used by touched_files() and collect_diff() for `git diff --name-only HEAD` and `git diff HEAD`. This issue is fixed in version 1.44.0.
Severity
7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-10 16:59 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7639 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
aaif-goose goose Affected: < 1.44.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-72717 (GCVE-0-2026-72717)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 17:39 – Updated: 2026-08-21 19:44
VLAI
Title
Orval: Import-time RCE via schema default -> zod module-level template literal
Summary
Orval generates type-safe JavaScript clients in TypeScript from OpenAPI v3 and Swagger v2 specifications. Prior to 8.21.0, a ${...} expression or backtick in a schema default is emitted into a module-level template literal emitted by zod schema generation without safe encoding. This permits attacker-controlled JavaScript to be evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, resulting in code execution in the developer, CI, test, or application environment. The affected code is packages/zod/src/index.ts function formatDefaultValue. This issue is fixed in version 8.21.0.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 19:44 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7639 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
orval-labs orval Affected: < 8.21.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-72676 (GCVE-0-2026-72676)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 19:11 – Updated: 2026-08-13 20:32
VLAI
Title
Improper Control of Generation of Code in Fleet Server Leading to Code Injection
Summary
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') (CWE-94) in Fleet Server can lead to the execution of attacker-supplied script content via Code Injection (CAPEC-242). Kibana accepted an identifier for an output configuration without restricting it to safe characters. That identifier is later placed into a server-side script that Fleet Server builds as part of routine agent policy processing, so script syntax embedded in the identifier became part of the script that was executed rather than being treated as data.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 20:20 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
elastic CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 69/100 over 155 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Elastic Fleet Server Affected: 8.5.0 , ≤ 8.19.19 (semver)
Affected: 9.0.0 , ≤ 9.4.4 (semver)
Affected: 9.5.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-72530 (GCVE-0-2026-72530)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 16:56 – Updated: 2026-08-21 03:55
VLAI
Summary
A remote unauthorized attacker with network access via port 4307/TCP to the TrueConf server versions 5.3.X to 5.3.9, 5.4.X to 5.4.9, 5.5.X to 5.5.5, and earlier could use a specially crafted script to break out of the isolated environment and execute arbitrary code on the host system.
Severity
9 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: active Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 00:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
Kaspersky CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard – unranked: 9 records in the last 180 days, 10 needed details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
TrueConf TrueConf Server Affected: * , < 5.3 (custom)
Affected: 5.3 , < 5.3.9 (custom)
Affected: 5.4 , < 5.4.9 (custom)
Affected: 5.5 , < 5.5.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Vyacheslav Kopeytsev from Kaspersky ICS CERT
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-71871 (GCVE-0-2026-71871)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 17:33 – Updated: 2026-08-21 21:49
VLAI
Title
Orval: Import-time RCE via header-parameter default -> zod module-level template literal
Summary
Orval generates type-safe JavaScript clients in TypeScript from OpenAPI v3 and Swagger v2 specifications. Prior to 8.21.0, a ${...} expression or backtick in a header parameter default is emitted into a module-level template literal emitted by zod schema generation without safe encoding. This permits attacker-controlled JavaScript to be evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, resulting in code execution in the developer, CI, test, or application environment. The affected code is packages/zod/src/index.ts function formatDefaultValue. This issue is fixed in version 8.21.0.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 21:10 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7639 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
orval-labs orval Affected: < 8.21.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-71869 (GCVE-0-2026-71869)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 17:36 – Updated: 2026-08-25 03:32
VLAI
Title
Orval: Import-time RCE via array-items default -> zod module-level template literal
Summary
Orval generates type-safe JavaScript clients in TypeScript from OpenAPI v3 and Swagger v2 specifications. Prior to 8.21.0, a ${...} expression or backtick in an array item default is emitted into a module-level template literal emitted by zod schema generation without safe encoding. This permits attacker-controlled JavaScript to be evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, resulting in code execution in the developer, CI, test, or application environment. The affected code is packages/zod/src/index.ts function formatDefaultValue. This issue is fixed in version 8.21.0.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 03:32 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7639 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
orval-labs orval Affected: < 8.21.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-71868 (GCVE-0-2026-71868)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 17:37 – Updated: 2026-08-21 19:43
VLAI
Title
Orval: Import-time RCE via enum-typed default -> zod module-level template literal
Summary
Orval generates type-safe JavaScript clients in TypeScript from OpenAPI v3 and Swagger v2 specifications. Prior to 8.21.0, a ${...} expression or backtick in an enum default is emitted into a module-level template literal emitted by zod schema generation without safe encoding. This permits attacker-controlled JavaScript to be evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, resulting in code execution in the developer, CI, test, or application environment. The affected code is packages/zod/src/index.ts function formatDefaultValue. This issue is fixed in version 8.21.0.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 19:43 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7639 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
orval-labs orval Affected: < 8.21.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-71865 (GCVE-0-2026-71865)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 17:36 – Updated: 2026-08-21 21:49
VLAI
Title
Orval: Import-time RCE via query parameter name -> computed-property-key injection in the zod cli
Summary
Orval generates type-safe JavaScript clients in TypeScript from OpenAPI v3 and Swagger v2 specifications. Prior to 8.21.0, a double quote in a query parameter name is emitted into the generated request-validation zod.object({...}) schema without safe encoding. This permits attacker-controlled JavaScript to be evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, resulting in code execution in the developer, CI, test, or application environment. The affected code is packages/zod/src/index.ts and query request-validation generation. This issue is fixed in version 8.21.0.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 21:10 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
  • CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7639 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
orval-labs orval Affected: < 8.21.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-71864 (GCVE-0-2026-71864)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 17:34 – Updated: 2026-08-25 02:21
VLAI
Title
Orval: Import-time RCE via header parameter name -> computed-property-key injection in the zod client
Summary
Orval generates type-safe JavaScript clients in TypeScript from OpenAPI v3 and Swagger v2 specifications. Prior to 8.21.0, a double quote in a header parameter name is emitted into the generated request-validation zod.object({...}) schema without safe encoding. This permits attacker-controlled JavaScript to be evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, resulting in code execution in the developer, CI, test, or application environment. The affected code is packages/zod/src/index.ts and header request-validation generation. This issue is fixed in version 8.21.0.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 02:20 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
  • CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7639 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
orval-labs orval Affected: < 8.21.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-71320 (GCVE-0-2026-71320)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 21:29 – Updated: 2026-08-07 03:55
VLAI
Title
Nuxt: Server-Side Remote Code Execution via Runtime Template Injection in Nuxt Server Island Props
Summary
Nuxt is an open-source web development framework for Vue.js. From 3.4.0 until 3.21.10 and 4.5.1, an attacker can inject a template key through /__nuxt_island/ props into a dynamic component when `vue.runtimeCompiler: true` is enabled, causing template execution in the Nitro process. This issue is fixed in 3.21.10 and 4.5.1.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-06 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-74 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7639 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nuxt nuxt Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 4.5.1
Affected: >= 3.4.0, < 3.21.10
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-9473-5f9j-94wq",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Nuxt: Server-Side Remote Code Execution via Runtime Template Injection in Nuxt Server Island Props"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-71320",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-05T21:29:51.370Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-05T18:14:42.065Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-07T03:55:36.649Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.

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