Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
9125 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2023-45590 (GCVE-0-2023-45590)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-09 14:24 – Updated: 2024-08-12 17:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An improper control of generation of code ('code injection') in Fortinet FortiClientLinux version 7.2.0, 7.0.6 through 7.0.10 and 7.0.3 through 7.0.4 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via tricking a FortiClientLinux user into visiting a malicious website
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-04-11 04:01 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Execute unauthorized code or commands
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fortinet | FortiClientLinux |
Affected:
7.2.0
Affected: 7.0.6 , ≤ 7.0.10 (semver) Affected: 7.0.3 , ≤ 7.0.4 (semver) |
|
| fortinet | forticlient |
Affected:
0 , < 7.0.10
(semver)
Affected: 7.0.3 , < 7.0.4 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:forticlient:*:*:*:*:*:linux:*:* |
|
| fortinet | forticlient |
Affected:
7.2.0
cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:forticlient:7.2.0:*:*:*:*:linux:*:* |
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CVE-2023-45144 (GCVE-0-2023-45144)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-16 20:32 – Updated: 2024-09-16 14:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Remote code execution from login screen through unescaped URL parameter in OAuth Identity XWiki App
Summary
com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui is a package to aid in building identity and service providers based on OAuth authorizations. When a user logs in via the OAuth method, the identityOAuth parameters sent in the GET request is vulnerable to cross site scripting (XSS) and XWiki syntax injection. This allows remote code execution via the groovy macro and thus affects the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the whole XWiki installation. The issue has been fixed in Identity OAuth version 1.6. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability and users are advised to upgrade.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-16 14:25 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/xwikisas/identity-oauth/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/xwikisas/identity-oauth/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xwikisas/identity-oauth/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xwikisas/identity-oauth/blob/m… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20719 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| xwikisas | identity-oauth |
Affected:
>= 1.0, < 1.6
|
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CVE-2023-44392 (GCVE-0-2023-44392)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-09 19:06 – Updated: 2024-09-18 20:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Arbitrary code execution vulnerability when using shared Kubernetes cluster
Summary
Garden provides automation for Kubernetes development and testing. Prior tov ersions 0.13.17 and 0.12.65, Garden has a dependency on the cryo library, which is vulnerable to code injection due to an insecure implementation of deserialization. Garden stores serialized objects using cryo in the Kubernetes `ConfigMap` resources prefixed with `test-result` and `run-result` to cache Garden test and run results. These `ConfigMaps` are stored either in the `garden-system` namespace or the configured user namespace. When a user invokes the command `garden test` or `garden run` objects stored in the `ConfigMap` are retrieved and deserialized. This can be used by an attacker with access to the Kubernetes cluster to store malicious objects in the `ConfigMap`, which can trigger a remote code execution on the users machine when cryo deserializes the object. In order to exploit this vulnerability, an attacker must have access to the Kubernetes cluster used to deploy garden remote environments. Further, a user must actively invoke either a `garden test` or `garden run` which has previously cached results. The issue has been patched in Garden versions `0.13.17` (Bonsai) and `0.12.65` (Acorn). Only Garden versions prior to these are vulnerable. No known workarounds are available.
Severity
8.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-18 20:22 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/garden-io/garden/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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Impacted products
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CVE-2023-44382 (GCVE-0-2023-44382)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-01 21:48 – Updated: 2024-08-02 20:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
October CMS safe mode bypass using Twig sandbox escape
Summary
October is a Content Management System (CMS) and web platform to assist with development workflow. An authenticated backend user with the `editor.cms_pages`, `editor.cms_layouts`, or `editor.cms_partials` permissions who would normally not be permitted to provide PHP code to be executed by the CMS due to `cms.safe_mode` being enabled can write specific Twig code to escape the Twig sandbox and execute arbitrary PHP. This issue has been patched in 3.4.15.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/octobercms/october/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| octobercms | october |
Affected:
>= 3.0.0, < 3.4.15
|
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CVE-2023-44381 (GCVE-0-2023-44381)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-01 21:48 – Updated: 2024-08-02 20:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
October CMS safe mode bypass using Page template injection
Summary
October is a Content Management System (CMS) and web platform to assist with development workflow. An authenticated backend user with the `editor.cms_pages`, `editor.cms_layouts`, or `editor.cms_partials` permissions who would normally not be permitted to provide PHP code to be executed by the CMS due to `cms.safe_mode` being enabled can craft a special request to include PHP code in the CMS template. This issue has been patched in version 3.4.15.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/octobercms/october/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| octobercms | october |
Affected:
>= 3.0.0, < 3.4.15
|
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CVE-2023-43792 (GCVE-0-2023-43792)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-30 20:00 – Updated: 2024-09-05 20:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
baserCMS Code Injection Vulnerability in Mail Form Feature
Summary
baserCMS is a website development framework. In versions 4.6.0 through 4.7.6, there is a Code Injection vulnerability in the mail form of baserCMS. As of time of publication, no known patched versions are available.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-05 20:20 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/baserproject/basercms/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://basercms.net/security/JVN_45547161 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| baserproject | basercms |
Affected:
>= 4.6.0, <= 4.7.6
|
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CVE-2023-43661 (GCVE-0-2023-43661)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-11 19:56 – Updated: 2024-09-17 13:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cachet vulnerable to Authenticated Remote Code Execution
Summary
Cachet, the open-source status page system. Prior to the 2.4 branch, a template functionality which allows users to create templates allows them to execute any code on the server during the bad filtration and old twig version. Commit 6fb043e109d2a262ce3974e863c54e9e5f5e0587 of the 2.4 branch contains a patch for this issue.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-17 13:45 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/cachethq/cachet/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/cachethq/cachet/commit/6fb043e… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2023-43651 (GCVE-0-2023-43651)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-27 20:24 – Updated: 2025-03-25 19:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Remote code execution on the host system via MongoDB shell in jumpserver
Summary
JumpServer is an open source bastion host. An authenticated user can exploit a vulnerability in MongoDB sessions to execute arbitrary commands, leading to remote code execution. This vulnerability may further be leveraged to gain root privileges on the system. Through the WEB CLI interface provided by the koko component, a user logs into the authorized mongoDB database and exploits the MongoDB session to execute arbitrary commands. This vulnerability has been addressed in versions 2.28.20 and 3.7.1. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
Severity
8.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-23 18:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/jumpserver/jumpserver/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://www.sonarsource.com/blog/diving-into-jump… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| jumpserver | jumpserver |
Affected:
>= 2.0.0, < 2.28.20
Affected: >= 3.0.0, < 3.7.1 |
|
| jumpserver | jumpserver |
Affected:
2.0.0 , < 2.28.20
(custom)
Affected: 3.0.0 , < 3.7.1 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:jumpserver:jumpserver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2023-43625 (GCVE-0-2023-43625)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-10 10:21 – Updated: 2025-02-27 20:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in Simcenter Amesim (All versions < V2021.1). The affected application contains a SOAP endpoint that could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to perform DLL injection and execute arbitrary code in the context of the affected application process.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-26 21:50 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | Simcenter Amesim |
Affected:
All versions < V2021.1
|
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CVE-2023-42658 (GCVE-0-2023-42658)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-31 14:08 – Updated: 2024-09-06 16:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
InSpec Archive Command Vulnerable to Maliciously Crafted Profile
Summary
Archive command in Chef InSpec prior to 4.56.58 and 5.22.29 allow local command execution via maliciously crafted profile.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-06 15:43 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://docs.chef.io/release_notes_inspec/ | release-notes |
| https://docs.chef.io/inspec/cli/ | release-notes |
| https://community.progress.com/s/article/Product-… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Progress Software Corporation | Chef InSpec |
Affected:
4.0.0 , < 4.56.58
(semver)
Affected: 5.0.0 , < 5.22.29 (semver) |
|
| chef | inspec |
Affected:
4.0 , < 4.56.58
(custom)
Affected: 5.0 , < 5.22.29 (custom) Affected: 0 , < 4.0 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:chef:inspec:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Operation
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.