Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-913
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product does not properly restrict reading from or writing to dynamically-managed code resources such as variables, objects, classes, attributes, functions, or executable instructions or statements.
168 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-47131 (GCVE-0-2026-47131)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 14:14 – Updated: 2026-06-13 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
vm2: Sandbox Escape
Summary
vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, by combining Buffer.call.call({}.__lookupGetter__, Buffer, "__proto__"), Buffer.call.call({}.__lookupSetter__, Buffer, "__proto__"), and Node.js's ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE Error, the host's TypeError constructor can be obtained, which allows the escape from the sandbox. This allows attackers to run arbitrary code. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-12 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-913 - Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/27c525f… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 |
Affected:
< 3.11.4
|
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CVE-2026-44336 (GCVE-0-2026-44336)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-08 13:32 – Updated: 2026-05-11 18:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PraisonAI MCP `tools/call` path-traversal and RCE via Python `.pth` injection
Summary
PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 4.6.34, PraisonAI's MCP (Model Context Protocol) server (praisonai mcp serve) registers four file-handling tools by default — praisonai.rules.create, praisonai.rules.show, praisonai.rules.delete, and praisonai.workflow.show. Each accepts a path or filename string from MCP tools/call arguments and joins it onto ~/.praison/rules/ (or, for workflow.show, accepts an absolute path) with no containment check. The JSON-RPC dispatcher passes params["arguments"] blind to each handler via **kwargs without validating against the advertised input schema. By setting rule_name="../../<some-path>" an attacker walks out of the rules directory and writes any file the running user can write. Dropping a Python .pth file into the user site-packages directory escalates this primitive to arbitrary code execution in any subsequent Python process the user spawns — the next praisonai CLI invocation, an IDE script run, the user's python REPL, or any background Python service. This issue has been patched in version 4.6.34.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-11 18:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
- CWE-829 - Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere
- CWE-913 - Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MervinPraison | PraisonAI |
Affected:
< 4.6.34
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CVE-2026-34156 (GCVE-0-2026-34156)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-31 13:33 – Updated: 2026-04-02 15:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
NocoBase Affected by Sandbox Escape to RCE via console._stdout Prototype Chain Traversal in Workflow Script Node
Summary
NocoBase is an AI-powered no-code/low-code platform for building business applications and enterprise solutions. Prior to version 2.0.28, NocoBase's Workflow Script Node executes user-supplied JavaScript inside a Node.js vm sandbox with a custom require allowlist (controlled by WORKFLOW_SCRIPT_MODULES env var). However, the console object passed into the sandbox context exposes host-realm WritableWorkerStdio stream objects via console._stdout and console._stderr. An authenticated attacker can traverse the prototype chain to escape the sandbox and achieve Remote Code Execution as root. This issue has been patched in version 2.0.28.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-02 15:08 UTC
CWE
- CWE-913 - Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/pull/8967 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-33286 (GCVE-0-2026-33286)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-23 23:52 – Updated: 2026-03-24 13:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Graphiti Affected by Arbitrary Method Execution via Unvalidated Relationship Names
Summary
Graphiti is a framework that sits on top of models and exposes them via a JSON:API-compliant interface. Versions prior to 1.10.2 have an arbitrary method execution vulnerability that affects Graphiti's JSONAPI write functionality. An attacker can craft a malicious JSONAPI payload with arbitrary relationship names to invoke any public method on the underlying model instance, class or its associations. Any application exposing Graphiti write endpoints (create/update/delete) to untrusted users is affected. The `Graphiti::Util::ValidationResponse#all_valid?` method recursively calls `model.send(name)` using relationship names taken directly from user-supplied JSONAPI payloads, without validating them against the resource's configured sideloads. This allows an attacker to potentially run any public method on a given model instance, on the instance class or associated instances or classes, including destructive operations. This is patched in Graphiti v1.10.2. Users should upgrade as soon as possible. Some workarounds are available. Ensure Graphiti write endpoints (create/update) are not accessible to untrusted users and/or apply strong authentication and authorization checks before any write operation is processed, for example use Rails strong parameters to ensure only valid parameters are processed.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-24 13:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-913 - Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/graphiti-api/graphiti/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/graphiti-api/graphiti/commit/d… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/graphiti-api/graphiti/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| graphiti-api | graphiti |
Affected:
< 1.10.2
|
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CVE-2026-25049 (GCVE-0-2026-25049)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-04 16:46 – Updated: 2026-02-05 14:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
n8n Has an Expression Escape Vulnerability Leading to RCE
Summary
n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 1.123.17 and 2.5.2, an authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could abuse crafted expressions in workflow parameters to trigger unintended system command execution on the host running n8n. This issue has been patched in versions 1.123.17 and 2.5.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-05 14:23 UTC
CWE
- CWE-913 - Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/7860896909b3… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/936c06cfc1ad… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-23830 (GCVE-0-2026-23830)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-27 23:32 – Updated: 2026-01-28 15:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SandboxJS has Sandbox Escape via Unprotected AsyncFunction Constructor
Summary
SandboxJS is a JavaScript sandboxing library. Versions prior to 0.8.26 have a sandbox escape vulnerability due to `AsyncFunction` not being isolated in `SandboxFunction`. The library attempts to sandbox code execution by replacing the global `Function` constructor with a safe, sandboxed version (`SandboxFunction`). This is handled in `utils.ts` by mapping `Function` to `sandboxFunction` within a map used for lookups. However, before version 0.8.26, the library did not include mappings for `AsyncFunction`, `GeneratorFunction`, and `AsyncGeneratorFunction`. These constructors are not global properties but can be accessed via the `.constructor` property of an instance (e.g., `(async () => {}).constructor`). In `executor.ts`, property access is handled. When code running inside the sandbox accesses `.constructor` on an async function (which the sandbox allows creating), the `executor` retrieves the property value. Since `AsyncFunction` was not in the safe-replacement map, the `executor` returns the actual native host `AsyncFunction` constructor. Constructors for functions in JavaScript (like `Function`, `AsyncFunction`) create functions that execute in the global scope. By obtaining the host `AsyncFunction` constructor, an attacker can create a new async function that executes entirely outside the sandbox context, bypassing all restrictions and gaining full access to the host environment (Remote Code Execution). Version 0.8.26 patches this vulnerability.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-28 15:09 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nyariv/SandboxJS/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/nyariv/SandboxJS/commit/345aee… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-22709 (GCVE-0-2026-22709)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-26 21:32 – Updated: 2026-01-27 21:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
vm2 has a Sandbox Escape
Summary
vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. In vm2 prior to version 3.10.2, `Promise.prototype.then` `Promise.prototype.catch` callback sanitization can be bypassed. This allows attackers to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code. In lib/setup-sandbox.js, the callback function of `localPromise.prototype.then` is sanitized, but `globalPromise.prototype.then` is not sanitized. The return value of async functions is `globalPromise` object. Version 3.10.2 fixes the issue.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-27 21:42 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/4b009c2… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.10.2 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 |
Affected:
< 3.10.2
|
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CVE-2026-7381 (GCVE-0-2026-7381)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-29 22:13 – Updated: 2026-04-30 13:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Plack::Middleware::XSendfile versions through 1.0053 for Perl can allow client-controlled path rewriting
Summary
Plack::Middleware::XSendfile versions through 1.0053 for Perl can allow client-controlled path rewriting.
Plack::Middleware::XSendfile allows the variation setting (sendfile type) to be set by the client via the X-Sendfile-Type header, if it is not considered in the middleware constructor or the Plack environment.
A malicious client can set the X-Sendfile-Type header to "X-Accel-Redirect" to services running behind nginx reverse proxies, and then set the X-Accel-Mapping to map the path to an arbitrary file on the server.
Since 1.0053, Plack::Middleware::XSendfile is deprecated and will be removed from future releases of Plack.
This is similar to CVE-2025-61780 for Rack::Sendfile, although Plack::Middleware::XSendfile has some mitigations that disallow regular expressions to be used in the mapping, and only apply the mapping for the "X-Accel-Redirect" type.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-30 13:18 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://metacpan.org/release/MIYAGAWA/Plack-1.005… | release-notes |
| https://metacpan.org/release/MIYAGAWA/Plack-1.005… | technical-description |
| https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61780 | related |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MIYAGAWA | Plack::Middleware::XSendfile |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.0053
(custom)
|
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CVE-2026-5251 (GCVE-0-2026-5251)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-01 02:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 13:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
z-9527 admin User Update Endpoint user.js dynamically-determined object attributes
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in z-9527 admin 1.0/2.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /server/routes/user.js of the component User Update Endpoint. Such manipulation of the argument isAdmin with the input 1 leads to dynamically-determined object attributes. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-01 13:12 UTC
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/354441 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/354441/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/780607 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/CC-T-454455/Vulnerabilities/tr… | exploit |
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CVE-2026-5248 (GCVE-0-2026-5248)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-01 00:45 – Updated: 2026-04-01 12:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
gougucms User Registration Login.php reg_submit dynamically-determined object attributes
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in gougucms 4.08.18. This affects the function reg_submit of the file gougucms-master\app\home\controller\Login.php of the component User Registration Handler. Such manipulation of the argument level leads to dynamically-determined object attributes. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-01 12:12 UTC
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/354429 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/354429/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/780589 | third-party-advisory |
| https://thinhneee.github.io/posts/gougu-mass-assign/ | exploit |
Impacted products
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Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
For any externally-influenced input, check the input against an allowlist of acceptable values.
Mitigation
Implementation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor the code so that it does not need to be dynamically managed.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.