Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14622 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-V4JX-M48C-G379

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-13 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:05
VLAI
Details

In getAvailabilityStatus of BluetoothScanningMainSwitchPreferenceController.java, there is a possible way to bypass a device policy restriction due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-21247"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-13T00:15:23Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In getAvailabilityStatus of BluetoothScanningMainSwitchPreferenceController.java, there is a possible way to bypass a device policy restriction due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-v4jx-m48c-g379",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:05:22Z",
  "published": "2023-07-13T00:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21247"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/apps/Settings/+/edd4023805bc7fa54ae31de222cde02b9012bbc4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2023-07-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4P4-CVG5-MJ9G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-18 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:14
VLAI
Details

The Waiting: One-click countdowns plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass due to a missing capability check on 'saveLang' functions in versions up to, and including, 0.6.2. This could lead to Cross-Site Scripting due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for subscriber-level attackers to access functions to save plugin data that can potentially lead to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-2757"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-79",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-18T03:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Waiting: One-click countdowns plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass due to a missing capability check on \u0027saveLang\u0027 functions in versions up to, and including, 0.6.2. This could lead to Cross-Site Scripting due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for subscriber-level attackers to access functions to save plugin data that can potentially lead to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4p4-cvg5-mj9g",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:14:13Z",
  "published": "2023-05-18T03:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2757"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/waiting/tags/0.6.2/templates/templates.php#L426"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/waiting/tags/0.6.2/waiting.php#L544"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/38cc5a39-6ec3-4ce9-b9ad-d4ca5dafe9a7?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4PC-7Q3F-7VF2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-10 03:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:33
VLAI
Details

The QA Analytics – Web Analytics Tool with Heatmaps & Session Replay Across All Pages plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the ajax_save_plugin_config() function in all versions up to, and including, 4.1.0.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to update the plugin's settings.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-8513"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-10T02:15:03Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The QA Analytics \u2013 Web Analytics Tool with Heatmaps \u0026 Session Replay Across All Pages plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the ajax_save_plugin_config() function in all versions up to, and including, 4.1.0.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to update the plugin\u0027s settings.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4pc-7q3f-7vf2",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T18:33:39Z",
  "published": "2024-10-10T03:30:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8513"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/qa-heatmap-analytics/trunk/class-qahm-admin-page-config.php#L801"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3174701/qa-heatmap-analytics/trunk/class-qahm-admin-page-config.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/15d29d58-9e28-4e18-aeb9-9c63cb308673?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4R3-PJ8X-5M6R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-04 12:30 – Updated: 2023-01-10 18:30
VLAI
Details

In contacts service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local denial of service in contacts service with no additional execution privileges needed.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-38682"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-04T10:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In contacts service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local denial of service in contacts service with no additional execution privileges needed.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4r3-pj8x-5m6r",
  "modified": "2023-01-10T18:30:28Z",
  "published": "2023-01-04T12:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38682"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1610118225591336001"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4V7-2GQ6-83VF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-22 21:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:36
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in PickPlugins Accordion allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Accordion: from n/a through 2.3.14.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-58678"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-22T19:16:19Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in PickPlugins Accordion allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Accordion: from n/a through 2.3.14.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4v7-2gq6-83vf",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:36:17Z",
  "published": "2025-09-22T21:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58678"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/accordions/vulnerability/wordpress-accordion-plugin-2-3-14-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4VC-XVQF-V9FC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-24 06:30 – Updated: 2024-12-24 06:30
VLAI
Details

The WC Price History for Omnibus plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access due to a missing capability check on several AJAX actions in all versions up to, and including, 2.1.3. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to view and modify history data.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-12617"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-24T05:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The WC Price History for Omnibus plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access due to a missing capability check on several AJAX actions in all versions up to, and including, 2.1.3. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to view and modify history data.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4vc-xvqf-v9fc",
  "modified": "2024-12-24T06:30:42Z",
  "published": "2024-12-24T06:30:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-12617"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3209687%40wc-price-history\u0026new=3209687%40wc-price-history\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/b380b053-9847-48a8-ba12-d07db9df2baf?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4VP-C74M-HXXM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-24 15:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:32
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Mitchell Bennis Simple File List simple-file-list allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Simple File List: from n/a through <= 6.1.15.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-68591"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-24T13:16:26Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Mitchell Bennis Simple File List simple-file-list allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Simple File List: from n/a through \u003c= 6.1.15.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4vp-c74m-hxxm",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:32:41Z",
  "published": "2025-12-24T15:30:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68591"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/simple-file-list/vulnerability/wordpress-simple-file-list-plugin-6-1-15-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/simple-file-list/vulnerability/wordpress-simple-file-list-plugin-6-1-15-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4XQ-5VM7-92M6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-30 12:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:32
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in designthemes WeDesignTech Portfolio wedesigntech-portfolio allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WeDesignTech Portfolio: from n/a through <= 1.0.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-68980"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-30T11:15:56Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in designthemes WeDesignTech Portfolio wedesigntech-portfolio allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WeDesignTech Portfolio: from n/a through \u003c= 1.0.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4xq-5vm7-92m6",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:32:43Z",
  "published": "2025-12-30T12:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68980"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wedesigntech-portfolio/vulnerability/wordpress-wedesigntech-portfolio-plugin-1-0-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wedesigntech-portfolio/vulnerability/wordpress-wedesigntech-portfolio-plugin-1-0-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V535-PC6R-77QH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-16 12:00 – Updated: 2025-04-30 20:25
VLAI
Summary
Lack of authentication mechanism for webhook in CloudBees Docker Hub/Registry Notification Plugin
Details

CloudBees Docker Hub/Registry Notification Plugin provides several webhook endpoints that can be used to trigger builds when Docker images used by a job have been rebuilt.

In CloudBees Docker Hub/Registry Notification Plugin 2.6.2 and earlier, these endpoints can be accessed without authentication.

This allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger builds of jobs corresponding to the attacker-specified repository.

CloudBees Docker Hub/Registry Notification Plugin 2.6.2.1 requires a token as a part of webhook URLs, which will act as authentication for the webhook endpoint. As a result, all webhook URLs in the plugin will be different after updating the plugin.

Administrators can set the Java system property org.jenkinsci.plugins.registry.notification.webhook.JSONWebHook.DO_NOT_REQUIRE_API_TOKEN to true to disable this fix.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.6.2"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:dockerhub-notification"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.6.2.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-45385"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-21T22:22:24Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-11-15T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "CloudBees Docker Hub/Registry Notification Plugin provides several webhook endpoints that can be used to trigger builds when Docker images used by a job have been rebuilt.\n\nIn CloudBees Docker Hub/Registry Notification Plugin 2.6.2 and earlier, these endpoints can be accessed without authentication.\n\nThis allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger builds of jobs corresponding to the attacker-specified repository.\n\nCloudBees Docker Hub/Registry Notification Plugin 2.6.2.1 requires a token as a part of webhook URLs, which will act as authentication for the webhook endpoint. As a result, all webhook URLs in the plugin will be different after updating the plugin.\n\nAdministrators can set the [Java system](https://www.jenkins.io/doc/book/managing/system-properties/) property `org.jenkinsci.plugins.registry.notification.webhook.JSONWebHook.DO_NOT_REQUIRE_API_TOKEN` to `true` to disable this fix.",
  "id": "GHSA-v535-pc6r-77qh",
  "modified": "2025-04-30T20:25:41Z",
  "published": "2022-11-16T12:00:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-45385"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/dockerhub-notification-plugin/commit/1163d4f297af23266c032fc66bd603b97f9ecd4b"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/dockerhub-notification-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-11-15/#SECURITY-2843"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/11/15/4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Lack of authentication mechanism for webhook in CloudBees Docker Hub/Registry Notification Plugin"
}

GHSA-V53G-736W-MGW4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-12 03:33 – Updated: 2025-12-20 02:58
VLAI
Summary
Liferay Portal's Organization Selector exposes organization data to remote authenticated users
Details

The Organization Selector in Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.124, and Liferay DXP 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.12 and 7.4 update 81 through update 85 does not check user permission, which allows remote authenticated users to obtain a list of all organizations.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.liferay:com.liferay.organizations.item.selector.web"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.2"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.0.22"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-43788"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-09-15T13:42:36Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-12T03:15:41Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Organization Selector in Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.124, and Liferay DXP 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.12 and 7.4 update 81 through update 85 does not check user permission, which allows remote authenticated users to obtain a list of all organizations.",
  "id": "GHSA-v53g-736w-mgw4",
  "modified": "2025-12-20T02:58:30Z",
  "published": "2025-09-12T03:33:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43788"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal/commit/730b0840530e2fbd98d482c9f1a1f0f8391a2369"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://liferay.dev/portal/security/known-vulnerabilities/-/asset_publisher/jekt/content/CVE-2025-43788"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Liferay Portal\u0027s Organization Selector exposes organization data to remote authenticated users"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.