Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14623 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-RXQF-34R4-H992

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-13 21:31 – Updated: 2026-03-13 21:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in vowelweb VW Education Lite vw-education-lite allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects VW Education Lite: from n/a through <= 2.2.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-32427"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-13T19:55:01Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in vowelweb VW Education Lite vw-education-lite allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects VW Education Lite: from n/a through \u003c= 2.2.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-rxqf-34r4-h992",
  "modified": "2026-03-13T21:31:50Z",
  "published": "2026-03-13T21:31:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32427"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/vw-education-lite/vulnerability/wordpress-vw-education-lite-plugin-2-2-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V22H-7MRQ-RCJ9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-29 20:06 – Updated: 2022-09-02 00:01
VLAI
Details

The Simply Schedule Appointments WordPress plugin before 1.5.7.7 is missing authorisation in a REST endpoint, allowing unauthenticated users to retrieve WordPress users details such as name and email address

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-2373"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-08-29T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Simply Schedule Appointments WordPress plugin before 1.5.7.7 is missing authorisation in a REST endpoint, allowing unauthenticated users to retrieve WordPress users details such as name and email address",
  "id": "GHSA-v22h-7mrq-rcj9",
  "modified": "2022-09-02T00:01:14Z",
  "published": "2022-08-29T20:06:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2373"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/6aa9aa0d-b447-4584-a07e-b8a0d1b83a31"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V247-W9MW-6X35

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-22 06:31 – Updated: 2024-10-22 06:31
VLAI
Details

The Rover IDX plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access, modification, and loss of data due to a missing capability check on multiple functions in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.0.2903. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to add, modify, or delete plugin options.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-10003"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-22T05:15:05Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Rover IDX plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access, modification, and loss of data due to a missing capability check on multiple functions in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.0.2903. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to add, modify, or delete plugin options.",
  "id": "GHSA-v247-w9mw-6x35",
  "modified": "2024-10-22T06:31:14Z",
  "published": "2024-10-22T06:31:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10003"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/rover-idx/tags/3.0.0.2903/admin/rover-panel-setup.php#L120"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/rover-idx/tags/3.0.0.2903/admin/rover-panel-setup.php#L152"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/rover-idx/tags/3.0.0.2903/admin/rover-panel-setup.php#L199"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/rover-idx/tags/3.0.0.2903/admin/rover-panel-setup.php#L225"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/rover-idx/tags/3.0.0.2903/admin/rover-panel-setup.php#L240"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/rover-idx/tags/3.0.0.2903/admin/rover-panel-setup.php#L270"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/rover-idx/tags/3.0.0.2903/admin/rover-panel-setup.php#L76"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3171681/rover-idx"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/cdf67099-5514-45ba-9a4c-10af984bf593?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V254-7QJR-R9FR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-20 15:35 – Updated: 2026-05-20 15:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Magepeople inc. WpBookingly allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.

This issue affects WpBookingly: from n/a through 1.2.9.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-27405"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-20T13:16:16Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Magepeople inc. WpBookingly allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.\n\nThis issue affects WpBookingly: from n/a through 1.2.9.",
  "id": "GHSA-v254-7qjr-r9fr",
  "modified": "2026-05-20T15:35:30Z",
  "published": "2026-05-20T15:35:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27405"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/service-booking-manager/vulnerability/wordpress-wpbookingly-plugin-1-2-9-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V25P-W2XW-5Q7Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-20 03:31 – Updated: 2026-05-20 03:31
VLAI
Details

The TypeSquare Webfonts for ConoHa plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.4. This is due to the plugin not properly verifying that a user is authorized to perform an action. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to modify the plugin's site-wide font settings, including the typesquare_auth option (fontThemeUseType), show_post_form, and typesquare_fonttheme, by submitting a POST request to any wp-admin page. For fontThemeUseType values 1 and 3, no nonce verification is performed either, meaning those branches are additionally exploitable via cross-site request forgery.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-8610"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-20T02:16:40Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The TypeSquare Webfonts for ConoHa plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.4. This is due to the plugin not properly verifying that a user is authorized to perform an action. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to modify the plugin\u0027s site-wide font settings, including the typesquare_auth option (fontThemeUseType), show_post_form, and typesquare_fonttheme, by submitting a POST request to any wp-admin page. For fontThemeUseType values 1 and 3, no nonce verification is performed either, meaning those branches are additionally exploitable via cross-site request forgery.",
  "id": "GHSA-v25p-w2xw-5q7q",
  "modified": "2026-05-20T03:31:35Z",
  "published": "2026-05-20T03:31:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8610"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/ts-webfonts-for-conoha/tags/2.0.4/inc/class/class.auth.php#L51"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/ts-webfonts-for-conoha/tags/2.0.4/typesquare-admin.php#L25"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/ts-webfonts-for-conoha/tags/2.0.4/typesquare-admin.php#L93"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/88002a25-6890-4f8b-8a11-239b59d56672?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V277-V42G-MWRM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-08 21:31 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:52
VLAI
Details

The issue was addressed with additional permissions checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, macOS Monterey 12.6.4, watchOS 9.4, iOS 15.7.4 and iPadOS 15.7.4, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4. A shortcut may be able to use sensitive data with certain actions without prompting the user

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-27963"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-08T20:15:18Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The issue was addressed with additional permissions checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, macOS Monterey 12.6.4, watchOS 9.4, iOS 15.7.4 and iPadOS 15.7.4, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4. A shortcut may be able to use sensitive data with certain actions without prompting the user",
  "id": "GHSA-v277-v42g-mwrm",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:52:13Z",
  "published": "2023-05-08T21:31:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27963"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213670"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213673"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213674"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213676"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213677"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213678"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213674"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/May/7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V27V-4MG3-GR66

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-10 12:30 – Updated: 2026-04-29 04:11
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in xujeff tianti 天梯 up to 2.3. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /tianti-module-admin/user/ajax/save. The manipulation leads to missing authorization. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-8807"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-10T12:15:30Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in xujeff tianti \u5929\u68af up to 2.3. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /tianti-module-admin/user/ajax/save. The manipulation leads to missing authorization. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-v27v-4mg3-gr66",
  "modified": "2026-04-29T04:11:51Z",
  "published": "2025-08-10T12:30:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8807"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/N1n3b9S/cve/issues/15"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/N1n3b9S/cve/issues/15#issue-3280910303"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.319336"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.319336"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.626344"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V287-9W3V-X5C5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:55 – Updated: 2023-07-17 23:14
VLAI
Summary
Total.js CMS RCE Vulnerability
Details

An issue was discovered in Total.js CMS 12.0.0. An authenticated user with the widgets privilege can gain achieve Remote Command Execution (RCE) on the remote server by creating a malicious widget with a special tag containing JavaScript code that will be evaluated server side. In the process of evaluating the tag by the back-end, it is possible to escape the sandbox object by using the following payload: <script total>global.process.mainModule.require(child_process).exec(RCE);</script>

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "total4"
      },
      "versions": [
        "12.0.0"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-15954"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-17T23:14:57Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-09-05T19:16:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Total.js CMS 12.0.0. An authenticated user with the widgets privilege can gain achieve Remote Command Execution (RCE) on the remote server by creating a malicious widget with a special tag containing JavaScript code that will be evaluated server side. In the process of evaluating the tag by the back-end, it is possible to escape the sandbox object by using the following payload: `\u003cscript total\u003eglobal.process.mainModule.require(child_process).exec(RCE);\u003c/script\u003e`",
  "id": "GHSA-v287-9w3v-x5c5",
  "modified": "2023-07-17T23:14:57Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:55:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-15954"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/beerpwn/CVE/blob/master/Totaljs_disclosure_report/report_final.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/totaljs/cms"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2019/Sep/5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/154924/Total.js-CMS-12-Widget-JavaScript-Code-Injection.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Total.js CMS RCE Vulnerability"
}

GHSA-V28M-Q3P8-G67P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-04 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-12 00:01
VLAI
Details

Unprotected activities in Voice Note prior to version 21.3.51.11 allows attackers to record voice without user interaction. The patch adds proper permission for vulnerable activities.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-28789"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-03T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Unprotected activities in Voice Note prior to version 21.3.51.11 allows attackers to record voice without user interaction. The patch adds proper permission for vulnerable activities.",
  "id": "GHSA-v28m-q3p8-g67p",
  "modified": "2022-05-12T00:01:01Z",
  "published": "2022-05-04T00:00:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28789"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb?year=2022\u0026month=5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V295-3WX7-PWM2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-24 00:30 – Updated: 2026-03-24 00:30
VLAI
Details

The Smart Custom Fields plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the relational_posts_search() function in all versions up to, and including, 5.0.6. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to read private and draft post content from other authors via the smart-cf-relational-posts-search AJAX action. The function queries posts with post_status=any and returns full WP_Post objects including post_content, but only checks the generic edit_posts capability instead of verifying whether the requesting user has permission to read each individual post.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-4066"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-23T23:17:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Smart Custom Fields plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the relational_posts_search() function in all versions up to, and including, 5.0.6. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to read private and draft post content from other authors via the smart-cf-relational-posts-search AJAX action. The function queries posts with post_status=any and returns full WP_Post objects including post_content, but only checks the generic edit_posts capability instead of verifying whether the requesting user has permission to read each individual post.",
  "id": "GHSA-v295-3wx7-pwm2",
  "modified": "2026-03-24T00:30:26Z",
  "published": "2026-03-24T00:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4066"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/smart-custom-fields/trunk/classes/fields/class.field-related-posts.php#L101"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/smart-custom-fields/trunk/classes/fields/class.field-related-posts.php#L143"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/smart-custom-fields/trunk/classes/fields/class.field-related-posts.php#L78"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026new=3485210%40smart-custom-fields%2Ftrunk\u0026old=3416964%40smart-custom-fields%2Ftrunk\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=#file2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/87f52e3a-e414-4f47-b46c-e3811e76744b?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.