Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14671 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-R923-565V-M5RJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-04 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:23
VLAI
Details

In vowifiservice, there is a possible missing permission check.This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-38460"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-09-04T02:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In vowifiservice, there is a possible missing permission check.This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges",
  "id": "GHSA-r923-565v-m5rj",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:23:56Z",
  "published": "2023-09-04T03:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38460"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1698296481653522434"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R93H-5XGH-5WFH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-02 15:30 – Updated: 2025-12-03 21:31
VLAI
Details

Unauthorized access vulnerability in TCMAN GIM v11 version 20250304. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker to determine whether a user exists on the system by using the 'pda:userId' and 'pda:newPassword' parameters with 'soapaction UnlockUser’ in '/WS/PDAWebService.asmx'.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-41012"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-02T13:15:53Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Unauthorized access vulnerability in TCMAN GIM v11 version 20250304. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker to determine whether a user exists on the system by using the \u0027pda:userId\u0027 and \u0027pda:newPassword\u0027 parameters with \u0027soapaction UnlockUser\u2019 in \u0027/WS/PDAWebService.asmx\u0027.",
  "id": "GHSA-r93h-5xgh-5wfh",
  "modified": "2025-12-03T21:31:04Z",
  "published": "2025-12-02T15:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41012"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.incibe.es/en/incibe-cert/notices/aviso/multiple-vulnerabilities-tcman-gim-2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R95F-GCGQ-G8XH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-25 15:34 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in NotFound Pie Register Premium. This issue affects Pie Register Premium: from n/a through 3.8.3.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-26948"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-25T15:15:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in NotFound Pie Register Premium. This issue affects Pie Register Premium: from n/a through 3.8.3.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-r95f-gcgq-g8xh",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:32Z",
  "published": "2025-02-25T15:34:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-26948"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/pie-register-premium/vulnerability/wordpress-pie-register-premium-plugin-3-8-3-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R978-9M6M-6GM6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-15 12:30 – Updated: 2025-07-03 16:04
VLAI
Summary
Apache ZooKeeper vulnerable to information disclosure in persistent watchers handling
Details

Information disclosure in persistent watchers handling in Apache ZooKeeper due to missing ACL check. It allows an attacker to monitor child znodes by attaching a persistent watcher (addWatch command) to a parent which the attacker has already access to. ZooKeeper server doesn't do ACL check when the persistent watcher is triggered and as a consequence, the full path of znodes that a watch event gets triggered upon is exposed to the owner of the watcher. It's important to note that only the path is exposed by this vulnerability, not the data of znode, but since znode path can contain sensitive information like user name or login ID, this issue is potentially critical.

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.9.2, 3.8.4 which fixes the issue.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.8.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.8.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.8.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.9.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.9.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.9.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.6.0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "3.7.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-23944"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-03-15T19:35:37Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-15T11:15:08Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Information disclosure in persistent watchers handling in Apache ZooKeeper due to missing ACL check. It allows an attacker to monitor child znodes by attaching a persistent watcher (addWatch command) to a parent which the attacker has already access to. ZooKeeper server doesn\u0027t do ACL check when the persistent watcher is triggered and as a consequence, the full path of znodes that a watch event gets triggered upon is exposed to the owner of the watcher. It\u0027s important to note that only the path is exposed by this vulnerability, not the data of znode, but since znode path can contain sensitive information like user name or login ID, this issue is potentially critical.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 3.9.2, 3.8.4 which fixes the issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-r978-9m6m-6gm6",
  "modified": "2025-07-03T16:04:36Z",
  "published": "2024-03-15T12:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23944"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/zookeeper/commit/29c7b9462681f47c2ac12e609341cf9f52abac5c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/zookeeper/commit/65b91d2d9a56157285c2a86b106e67c26520b01d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/zookeeper/commit/daf7cfd04005cff1a4f7cab5ab13d41db88d0cd8"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/zookeeper"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/96s5nqssj03rznz9hv58txdb2k1lr79k"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/03/14/2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Apache ZooKeeper vulnerable to information disclosure in persistent watchers handling"
}

GHSA-R97P-4233-HCH5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-06 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:32
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Ninja Team Filebird allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Filebird: from n/a through 6.3.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-53825"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-06T14:15:24Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Ninja Team Filebird allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Filebird: from n/a through 6.3.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-r97p-4233-hch5",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:32:41Z",
  "published": "2024-12-06T15:31:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53825"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/filebird/vulnerability/wordpress-filebird-lite-plugin-6-3-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R9CV-HJ2F-58H4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-04 21:32 – Updated: 2024-06-04 21:32
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Spiffy Plugins Spiffy Calendar.This issue affects Spiffy Calendar: from n/a through 4.9.10.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-30528"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-04T20:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Spiffy Plugins Spiffy Calendar.This issue affects Spiffy Calendar: from n/a through 4.9.10.",
  "id": "GHSA-r9cv-hj2f-58h4",
  "modified": "2024-06-04T21:32:22Z",
  "published": "2024-06-04T21:32:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30528"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/spiffy-calendar/wordpress-spiffy-calendar-plugin-4-9-10-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R9FM-96C4-GX53

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-03 12:34 – Updated: 2025-07-03 12:34
VLAI
Details

During startup, the device automatically logs in the EPC2 Windows user without requesting a password.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-27461"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-03T12:15:24Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "During startup, the device automatically logs in the EPC2 Windows user without requesting a password.",
  "id": "GHSA-r9fm-96c4-gx53",
  "modified": "2025-07-03T12:34:58Z",
  "published": "2025-07-03T12:34:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27461"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sick.com/psirt"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/resources-tools/resources/ics-recommended-practices"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.endress.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/sca-2025-0008.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/sca-2025-0008.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R9G5-7Q8J-958C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-28 20:33 – Updated: 2026-05-28 20:33
VLAI
Summary
FUXA provides guest and invalid-token access to protected read APIs in secure mode
Details

Summary

When secureEnabled=true, FUXA 1.3.0-2773 still allows guest and invalid-token requests to read project, alarms, and scheduler APIs.

### Details

In secure mode, requests with no token or an explicitly invalid token were still able to access protected read endpoints.

Confirmed behavior:

  • guest GET /api/project returned 200 OK
  • invalid-token requests to /api/project also returned successful responses containing project data
  • guest and invalid-token requests also returned 200 OK on:
    • /api/alarms
    • /api/scheduler

Relevant code paths identified during analysis:

  • server/api/jwt-helper.js
    • verifyToken() converts missing-token or invalid-token states into guest context instead of rejecting the request
  • server/api/projects/index.js
  • server/api/alarms/index.js
  • server/api/scheduler/index.js

These handlers accepted the guest context and returned sensitive data in secure mode.

### PoC

Tested only against isolated local lab instances under the original tester's control. No production, customer, shared, or third-party systems were involved.

Reproduction:

  1. Start FUXA 1.3.0-2773.
  2. Set secureEnabled=true.
  3. Send unauthenticated requests to:
    • GET /api/project
    • GET /api/alarms
    • GET /api/scheduler?id=test
  4. Observe 200 OK responses.
  5. Send the same requests with an explicitly invalid x-access-token value.
  6. Observe the same successful responses.

The exact HTTP requests and local PoC script used for confirmation can be provided upon request.

### Impact

This is an authentication/authorization weakness in secure mode.

Impact includes:

  • project metadata disclosure
  • alarms disclosure
  • scheduler information disclosure
  • assistance in reconnaissance/follow-on attacks

Operators who believe secure mode protects these APIs are impacted.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "fuxa-server"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.3.0-2773"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.3.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.3.0-2773"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-47718"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-28T20:33:11Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\n  When `secureEnabled=true`, FUXA `1.3.0-2773` still allows guest and invalid-token requests to read project, alarms, and scheduler APIs.\n\n  ### Details\n\n  In secure mode, requests with no token or an explicitly invalid token were still able to access protected read endpoints.\n\n  Confirmed behavior:\n\n  - guest `GET /api/project` returned `200 OK`\n  - invalid-token requests to `/api/project` also returned successful responses containing project data\n  - guest and invalid-token requests also returned `200 OK` on:\n    - `/api/alarms`\n    - `/api/scheduler`\n\n  Relevant code paths identified during analysis:\n\n  - `server/api/jwt-helper.js`\n    - `verifyToken()` converts missing-token or invalid-token states into guest context instead of rejecting the request\n  - `server/api/projects/index.js`\n  - `server/api/alarms/index.js`\n  - `server/api/scheduler/index.js`\n\n  These handlers accepted the guest context and returned sensitive data in secure mode.\n\n  ### PoC\n\n  Tested only against isolated local lab instances under the original tester\u0027s control. No production, customer, shared, or third-party systems were involved.\n\n  Reproduction:\n\n  1. Start FUXA `1.3.0-2773`.\n  2. Set `secureEnabled=true`.\n  3. Send unauthenticated requests to:\n     - `GET /api/project`\n     - `GET /api/alarms`\n     - `GET /api/scheduler?id=test`\n  4. Observe `200 OK` responses.\n  5. Send the same requests with an explicitly invalid `x-access-token` value.\n  6. Observe the same successful responses.\n\n The exact HTTP requests and local PoC script used for confirmation can be provided upon request.\n\n  ### Impact\n\n  This is an authentication/authorization weakness in secure mode.\n\n  Impact includes:\n\n - project metadata disclosure\n - alarms disclosure\n - scheduler information disclosure\n - assistance in reconnaissance/follow-on attacks\n\n  Operators who believe secure mode protects these APIs are impacted.",
  "id": "GHSA-r9g5-7q8j-958c",
  "modified": "2026-05-28T20:33:11Z",
  "published": "2026-05-28T20:33:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/security/advisories/GHSA-r9g5-7q8j-958c"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/releases/tag/v1.3.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "FUXA provides guest and invalid-token access to protected read APIs in secure mode"
}

GHSA-R9HW-26CP-8HVR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-12 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:03
VLAI
Details

In telephony service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-33890"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-12T09:15:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In telephony service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed.",
  "id": "GHSA-r9hw-26cp-8hvr",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:03:21Z",
  "published": "2023-07-12T09:30:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33890"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1676902764208259073"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R9M5-FCW8-68F6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-20 12:32 – Updated: 2025-03-20 12:32
VLAI
Details

In lunary-ai/lunary version 1.4.28, the /checklists/:id route allows low-privilege users to modify checklists by sending a PATCH request. The route lacks proper access control, such as middleware to ensure that only authorized users (e.g., project owners or admins) can modify checklist data. This vulnerability allows any user associated with the project, regardless of their role, to modify checklists, including changing the slug or data fields, which can lead to tampering with essential project workflows, altering business logic, and introducing errors that undermine integrity.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-9096"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-285",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-20T10:15:46Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In lunary-ai/lunary version 1.4.28, the /checklists/:id route allows low-privilege users to modify checklists by sending a PATCH request. The route lacks proper access control, such as middleware to ensure that only authorized users (e.g., project owners or admins) can modify checklist data. This vulnerability allows any user associated with the project, regardless of their role, to modify checklists, including changing the slug or data fields, which can lead to tampering with essential project workflows, altering business logic, and introducing errors that undermine integrity.",
  "id": "GHSA-r9m5-fcw8-68f6",
  "modified": "2025-03-20T12:32:50Z",
  "published": "2025-03-20T12:32:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9096"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/lunary-ai/lunary/commit/a8d7b2959e87c30fbafdb12af7ffa093385dcc60"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/653e7109-4c21-4e33-b636-7598d3202b9a"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.