Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14809 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-Q267-WR5Q-WM27

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-09 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:54
VLAI
Details

In audio service, there is a possible missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-48247"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-09T02:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In audio service, there is a possible missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-q267-wr5q-wm27",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:54:25Z",
  "published": "2023-05-09T03:30:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48247"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1654776866982133761"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q27V-8MFJ-PCMC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-27 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in danbriapps Pre-Publish Post Checklist allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Pre-Publish Post Checklist: from n/a through 3.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-53323"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-27T14:15:55Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in danbriapps Pre-Publish Post Checklist allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Pre-Publish Post Checklist: from n/a through 3.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-q27v-8mfj-pcmc",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:38Z",
  "published": "2025-06-27T15:31:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53323"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/pre-publish-post-checklist/vulnerability/wordpress-pre-publish-post-checklist-plugin-3-1-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q28V-664F-Q6WJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-14 19:24 – Updated: 2025-07-22 18:33
VLAI
Summary
Indico vulnerability allows attackers to bulk dump user details
Details

Impact

An endpoint used to display details of users listed in certain fields (such as ACLs) could be misused to dump basic user details (such as name, affiliation and email) in bulk.

[!TIP] If your instance allows everyone to create a user account, and you wish to truly restrict access to these user details, consider restricting user search to managers. You can find details on the newly introduced indico.conf setting ALLOW_PUBLIC_USER_SEARCH in our documentation.

Patches

You should to update to Indico 3.3.7 as soon as possible. See the docs for instructions on how to update.

Workarounds

It is possible to restrict access to the affected endpoints (e.g. in the webserver config), but doing so would break certain form fields which could no longer show the details of the users listed in those fields, so upgrading instead is highly recommended.

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:

Credits

This vulnerability was identified during a security assessment conducted as part of the Red Team Residency Program at RNP (Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa). The research and testing were performed by a security researcher working under RNP’s authorization and coordination. Special acknowledgment goes to the RNP Security Team, which provided the infrastructure, methodology, and ethical oversight for this work.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "indico"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.2"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.3.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-53640"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-639",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-07-14T19:24:03Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-14T21:15:27Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nAn endpoint used to display details of users listed in certain fields (such as ACLs) could be misused to dump basic user details (such as name, affiliation and email) in bulk.\n\n\u003e [!TIP]\n\u003e If your instance allows everyone to create a user account, and you wish to truly restrict access to these user details, consider restricting user search to managers. You can find details on the newly introduced indico.conf setting [`ALLOW_PUBLIC_USER_SEARCH`](https://docs.getindico.io/en/stable/config/settings/#ALLOW_PUBLIC_USER_SEARCH) in our documentation.\n\n### Patches\nYou should to update to [Indico 3.3.7](https://github.com/indico/indico/releases/tag/v3.3.7) as soon as possible.\nSee [the docs](https://docs.getindico.io/en/stable/installation/upgrade/) for instructions on how to update.\n\n### Workarounds\nIt is possible to restrict access to the affected endpoints (e.g. in the webserver config), but doing so would break certain form fields which could no longer show the details of the users listed in those fields, so upgrading instead is highly recommended.\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n\n- Open a thread in [our forum](https://talk.getindico.io/)\n- Email us privately at [indico-team@cern.ch](mailto:indico-team@cern.ch)\n\n#### Credits\nThis vulnerability was identified during a security assessment conducted as part of the Red Team Residency Program at RNP (Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa).\nThe research and testing were performed by a security researcher working under RNP\u2019s authorization and coordination.\nSpecial acknowledgment goes to the RNP Security Team, which provided the infrastructure, methodology, and ethical oversight for this work.",
  "id": "GHSA-q28v-664f-q6wj",
  "modified": "2025-07-22T18:33:40Z",
  "published": "2025-07-14T19:24:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/indico/indico/security/advisories/GHSA-q28v-664f-q6wj"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53640"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/indico/indico/pull/6936/commits/f8583557a3da56aeea8857ae69bf17c9066c95c1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.getindico.io/en/stable/config/settings/#ALLOW_PUBLIC_USER_SEARCH"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.getindico.io/en/stable/installation/upgrade"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/indico/indico"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/indico/indico/releases/tag/v3.3.7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve202553640-detect-indico-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve202553640-mitigate-indico-vulnerability"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Indico vulnerability allows attackers to bulk dump user details"
}

GHSA-Q2C9-497H-WRJR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-10 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:47
VLAI
Details

The EmbedPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized loss of data due to a missing capability check on the 'admin_post_remove' and 'remove_private_data' functions in versions up to, and including, 3.8.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with subscriber privileges or above, to delete plugin settings.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-4282"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-10T12:15:12Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The EmbedPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized loss of data due to a missing capability check on the \u0027admin_post_remove\u0027 and \u0027remove_private_data\u0027 functions in versions up to, and including, 3.8.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with subscriber privileges or above, to delete plugin settings.",
  "id": "GHSA-q2c9-497h-wrjr",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:47:06Z",
  "published": "2023-08-10T12:30:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4282"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/embedpress/tags/3.8.2/EmbedPress/ThirdParty/Googlecalendar/Embedpress_Google_Helper.php#L801"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/embedpress/tags/3.8.2/EmbedPress/ThirdParty/Googlecalendar/Embedpress_Google_Helper.php#L807"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/2950211/embedpress#file18"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/5fa2ec9e-2859-4a96-9e33-9e22d37e544f?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q2C9-5675-HVXJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-06 00:01 – Updated: 2022-04-15 00:01
VLAI
Details

An intent redirection issue was doscovered in Sina Weibo Android SDK 4.2.7 (com.sina.weibo.sdk.share.WbShareTransActivity), any unexported Activities could be started by the com.sina.weibo.sdk.share.WbShareTransActivity.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-23349"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-05T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An intent redirection issue was doscovered in Sina Weibo Android SDK 4.2.7 (com.sina.weibo.sdk.share.WbShareTransActivity), any unexported Activities could be started by the com.sina.weibo.sdk.share.WbShareTransActivity.",
  "id": "GHSA-q2c9-5675-hvxj",
  "modified": "2022-04-15T00:01:13Z",
  "published": "2022-04-06T00:01:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-23349"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sinaweibosdk/weibo_android_sdk/issues/406"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q2FC-9WW2-GGFJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-12 18:30 – Updated: 2023-04-12 22:19
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins Quay.io trigger Plugin webhook endpoint can be accessed without authentication
Details

Jenkins Quay.io trigger Plugin provides a webhook endpoint at /quayio-webhook/ that can be used to trigger builds of jobs configured to use a specified repository.

In Quay.io trigger Plugin 0.1 and earlier, this endpoint can be accessed without authentication.

This allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger builds of jobs corresponding to the attacker-specified repository.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:quayio-trigger"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "0.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-30519"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-04-12T22:19:21Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-04-12T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins Quay.io trigger Plugin provides a webhook endpoint at `/quayio-webhook/` that can be used to trigger builds of jobs configured to use a specified repository.\n\nIn Quay.io trigger Plugin 0.1 and earlier, this endpoint can be accessed without authentication.\n\nThis allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger builds of jobs corresponding to the attacker-specified repository.",
  "id": "GHSA-q2fc-9ww2-ggfj",
  "modified": "2023-04-12T22:19:21Z",
  "published": "2023-04-12T18:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30519"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2023-04-12/#SECURITY-2849"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/04/13/3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins Quay.io trigger Plugin webhook endpoint can be accessed without authentication"
}

GHSA-Q2J9-7728-X3PG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-08 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-31 00:00
VLAI
Details

The SupportCandy WordPress plugin before 2.2.5 does not have authorisation and CRSF checks in its wpsc_tickets AJAX action, which could allow unauthenticated users to call it and delete arbitrary tickets via the set_delete_permanently_bulk_ticket setting_action. Other actions may be affected as well.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-24839"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-352",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-07T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The SupportCandy WordPress plugin before 2.2.5 does not have authorisation and CRSF checks in its wpsc_tickets AJAX action, which could allow unauthenticated users to call it and delete arbitrary tickets via the set_delete_permanently_bulk_ticket setting_action. Other actions may be affected as well.",
  "id": "GHSA-q2j9-7728-x3pg",
  "modified": "2022-08-31T00:00:21Z",
  "published": "2022-02-08T00:00:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-24839"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/5e6e63c2-2675-4b8d-9b94-c16c525a1a0e"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q2M5-Q4JG-G9G2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-15 06:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 21:33
VLAI
Details

The School Management System – WPSchoolPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary user deletion due to a missing capability check on the wpsp_DeleteUser() function in all versions up to, and including, 2.2.16. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with teacher-level access and above, to delete arbitrary user accounts.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-1668"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-15T04:15:21Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The School Management System \u2013 WPSchoolPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary user deletion due to a missing capability check on the wpsp_DeleteUser() function in all versions up to, and including, 2.2.16. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with teacher-level access and above, to delete arbitrary user accounts.",
  "id": "GHSA-q2m5-q4jg-g9g2",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T21:33:03Z",
  "published": "2025-03-15T06:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1668"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpschoolpress/tags/2.2.16/lib/wpsp-ajaxworks.php#L22"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpschoolpress/tags/2.2.17/lib/wpsp-ajaxworks.php#L22"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/fd5638b6-134d-4386-af40-6ac961a915d7?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q2P3-V4Q2-729H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-27 09:30 – Updated: 2026-06-27 09:30
VLAI
Details

The Spexo theme for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access due to a missing capability check on the activate_plugin function in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.11. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to activate a limited set of plugins.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-12471"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-27T08:16:44Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Spexo theme for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access due to a missing capability check on the activate_plugin function in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.11. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to activate a limited set of plugins.",
  "id": "GHSA-q2p3-v4q2-729h",
  "modified": "2026-06-27T09:30:37Z",
  "published": "2026-06-27T09:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12471"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://themes.trac.wordpress.org/browser/spexo/2.0.11/inc/activation/class-welcome-notice.php#L304"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://themes.trac.wordpress.org/browser/spexo/2.0.6/inc/activation/class-welcome-notice.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://themes.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=334799%40spexo\u0026new=334799%40spexo\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/6ddf6da6-ec71-4206-8798-2c0c751b3209?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q2P6-CWV7-XPMG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-14 12:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in ThemeAtelier IDonatePro allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects IDonatePro: from n/a through 2.1.9.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30639"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-14T11:15:32Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in ThemeAtelier IDonatePro allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects IDonatePro: from n/a through 2.1.9.",
  "id": "GHSA-q2p6-cwv7-xpmg",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:48Z",
  "published": "2025-08-14T12:30:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30639"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/idonate-pro/vulnerability/wordpress-idonatepro-plugin-2-1-9-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.