Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14915 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-HX33-9Q48-6R26

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-20 15:35 – Updated: 2026-05-20 15:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in ADD-ONS.ORG PDF for Elementor Forms + Drag And Drop Template Builder allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.

This issue affects PDF for Elementor Forms + Drag And Drop Template Builder: from n/a through 5.5.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-45443"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-20T13:16:36Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in ADD-ONS.ORG PDF for Elementor Forms + Drag And Drop Template Builder allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.\n\nThis issue affects PDF for Elementor Forms + Drag And Drop Template Builder: from n/a through 5.5.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-hx33-9q48-6r26",
  "modified": "2026-05-20T15:35:32Z",
  "published": "2026-05-20T15:35:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45443"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/pdf-for-elementor-forms/vulnerability/wordpress-pdf-for-elementor-forms-drag-and-drop-template-builder-plugin-5-5-1-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HX3J-P7VV-7JQ2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-22 06:31 – Updated: 2026-05-22 06:31
VLAI
Details

The Location Weather plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to missing capability checks on the splw_update_block_options() and lwp_clean_weather_transients() functions in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to disable all weather blocks and purge all weather cache transients. The nonce required for these actions is exposed to all authenticated users via wp_localize_script() on the init hook.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-7249"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-22T05:16:27Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Location Weather plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to missing capability checks on the `splw_update_block_options()` and `lwp_clean_weather_transients()` functions in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to disable all weather blocks and purge all weather cache transients. The nonce required for these actions is exposed to all authenticated users via `wp_localize_script()` on the `init` hook.",
  "id": "GHSA-hx3j-p7vv-7jq2",
  "modified": "2026-05-22T06:31:39Z",
  "published": "2026-05-22T06:31:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-7249"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/location-weather/tags/3.0.2/includes/Admin/AdminDashboard/Splw_Blocks_Page_Wrapper.php#L256"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/location-weather/tags/3.0.2/includes/Admin/AdminDashboard/Splw_Blocks_Page_Wrapper.php#L331"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/location-weather/tags/3.0.3/includes/Admin/AdminDashboard/Splw_Blocks_Page_Wrapper.php#L256"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/location-weather/tags/3.0.3/includes/Admin/AdminDashboard/Splw_Blocks_Page_Wrapper.php#L332"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/location-weather"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/d472011d-1623-4791-9d56-715d90fe0469?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HX4V-668P-G2QR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-29 18:31 – Updated: 2026-07-02 20:50
VLAI
Summary
Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw: QQBot native approval buttons did not enforce configured approver identity
Details

Duplicate Advisory

This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-mgq6-vr84-7m2j. This link is maintained to preserve external references.

Original Description

OpenClaw before 2026.5.18 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in QQBot native approval buttons that fails to enforce configured approver identity. Non-approver users can click approval buttons to resolve pending exec or plugin approval requests without proper authorization.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.5.18"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-02T20:50:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-29T16:16:26Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-mgq6-vr84-7m2j. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n### Original Description\nOpenClaw before 2026.5.18 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in QQBot native approval buttons that fails to enforce configured approver identity. Non-approver users can click approval buttons to resolve pending exec or plugin approval requests without proper authorization.",
  "id": "GHSA-hx4v-668p-g2qr",
  "modified": "2026-07-02T20:50:05Z",
  "published": "2026-05-29T18:31:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mgq6-vr84-7m2j"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35630"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-qqbot-missing-approver-identity-enforcement-in-native-approval-buttons"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw: QQBot native approval buttons did not enforce configured approver identity",
  "withdrawn": "2026-07-02T20:50:04Z"
}

GHSA-HX53-635R-VMV8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:35 – Updated: 2023-10-27 13:15
VLAI
Summary
Missing permission checks in Jenkins Chaos Monkey Plugin
Details

Jenkins Chaos Monkey Plugin 0.4 and earlier does not perform permission checks in an HTTP endpoint.

This allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to access the Chaos Monkey page and to see the history of actions.

Jenkins Chaos Monkey Plugin 0.4.1 requires Overall/Administer permission to access the Chaos Monkey page and to see the history of actions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.4"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.jenkins.plugins:chaos-monkey"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.4.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-2323"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-16T22:20:54Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-12-03T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins Chaos Monkey Plugin 0.4 and earlier does not perform permission checks in an HTTP endpoint.\n\nThis allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to access the Chaos Monkey page and to see the history of actions.\n\nJenkins Chaos Monkey Plugin 0.4.1 requires Overall/Administer permission to access the Chaos Monkey page and to see the history of actions.",
  "id": "GHSA-hx53-635r-vmv8",
  "modified": "2023-10-27T13:15:45Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:35:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-2323"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/chaos-monkey-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2020-12-03/#SECURITY-2109%20(2)"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/12/03/2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Missing permission checks in Jenkins Chaos Monkey Plugin"
}

GHSA-HX5X-RGV9-VCW4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-09 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in WPMU DEV Hummingbird.This issue affects Hummingbird: from n/a through 3.7.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-32792"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-09T13:15:51Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in WPMU DEV Hummingbird.This issue affects Hummingbird: from n/a through 3.7.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-hx5x-rgv9-vcw4",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:31:48Z",
  "published": "2024-06-09T15:31:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32792"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/hummingbird-performance/vulnerability/wordpress-hummingbird-plugin-3-7-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/hummingbird-performance/wordpress-hummingbird-plugin-3-7-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HX72-PFMF-936J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-01 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-01 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Charitable Donations & Fundraising Team Charitable allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Charitable: from n/a through 1.8.1.7.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-37510"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-01T15:15:29Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Charitable Donations \u0026 Fundraising Team Charitable allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Charitable: from n/a through 1.8.1.7.",
  "id": "GHSA-hx72-pfmf-936j",
  "modified": "2024-11-01T15:31:58Z",
  "published": "2024-11-01T15:31:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37510"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/charitable/wordpress-donation-forms-by-charitable-plugin-1-8-1-7-broken-access-control-vulnerability-2?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HX85-XHQV-6XMJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-26 09:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:36
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in wpshuffle Subscribe to Download allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Subscribe to Download: from n/a through 2.0.9.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-60148"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-26T09:15:43Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in wpshuffle Subscribe to Download allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Subscribe to Download: from n/a through 2.0.9.",
  "id": "GHSA-hx85-xhqv-6xmj",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:36:22Z",
  "published": "2025-09-26T09:31:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60148"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/subscribe-to-download/vulnerability/wordpress-subscribe-to-download-plugin-2-0-9-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HXC8-52QR-2M6J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-12 09:30 – Updated: 2025-11-12 09:30
VLAI
Details

The Alt Text Generator AI – Auto Generate & Bulk Update Alt Texts For Images plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized loss of data due to a missing capability check on the atgai_delete_api_key() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.8.3. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to delete the API key connected to the site.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-12113"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-12T08:15:40Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Alt Text Generator AI \u2013 Auto Generate \u0026 Bulk Update Alt Texts For Images plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized loss of data due to a missing capability check on the atgai_delete_api_key() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.8.3. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to delete the API key connected to the site.",
  "id": "GHSA-hxc8-52qr-2m6j",
  "modified": "2025-11-12T09:30:26Z",
  "published": "2025-11-12T09:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12113"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3390619%40alt-text-generator\u0026new=3390619%40alt-text-generator\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/5309e891-ced1-496f-8ee5-c089a91a7666?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HXF7-9RV9-88V6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-28 00:00 – Updated: 2023-10-27 20:18
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins Compuware Xpediter Code Coverage Plugin Missing Authorization
Details

Jenkins Compuware Xpediter Code Coverage Plugin 1.0.7 and earlier does not perform permission checks in several HTTP endpoints.

This allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to enumerate hosts and ports of Compuware configurations and credentials IDs of credentials stored in Jenkins. Those credentials IDs can be used as part of an attack to capture the credentials using another vulnerability.

Compuware Xpediter Code Coverage Plugin 1.0.8 requires the appropriate permissions to enumerate hosts and ports of Compuware configurations and credentials IDs.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.0.7"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.compuware.jenkins:compuware-xpediter-code-coverage"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.0.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-36897"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-08-10T21:11:48Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-07-27T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins Compuware Xpediter Code Coverage Plugin 1.0.7 and earlier does not perform permission checks in several HTTP endpoints.\n\nThis allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to enumerate hosts and ports of Compuware configurations and credentials IDs of credentials stored in Jenkins. Those credentials IDs can be used as part of an attack to capture the credentials using another vulnerability.\n\nCompuware Xpediter Code Coverage Plugin 1.0.8 requires the appropriate permissions to enumerate hosts and ports of Compuware configurations and credentials IDs.",
  "id": "GHSA-hxf7-9rv9-88v6",
  "modified": "2023-10-27T20:18:37Z",
  "published": "2022-07-28T00:00:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36897"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/compuware-xpediter-code-coverage-plugin/commit/2bb312d91f8dc20e7e1e2098584dbea65a9bffb6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-07-27/#SECURITY-2626"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/07/27/1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins Compuware Xpediter Code Coverage Plugin Missing Authorization"
}

GHSA-HXG3-QGFC-88MW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-13 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in YITH YITH WooCommerce Waiting List allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects YITH WooCommerce Waiting List: from n/a through 2.13.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-36506"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-13T15:15:16Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in YITH YITH WooCommerce Waiting List allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects YITH WooCommerce Waiting List: from n/a through 2.13.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-hxg3-qgfc-88mw",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:23Z",
  "published": "2024-12-13T15:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-36506"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/yith-woocommerce-waiting-list/vulnerability/wordpress-yith-woocommerce-waitlist-plugin-2-6-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.