Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-798

Allowed-with-Review

Use of Hard-coded Credentials

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.

2178 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-JC76-H9FQ-QVWX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-07 21:30 – Updated: 2024-03-05 21:30
VLAI
Details

An issue in SCHUHFRIED v.8.22.00 allows remote attacker to obtain the database password via crafted curl command.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-38995"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-07T20:15:49Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue in SCHUHFRIED v.8.22.00 allows remote attacker to obtain the database password via crafted curl command.",
  "id": "GHSA-jc76-h9fq-qvwx",
  "modified": "2024-03-05T21:30:24Z",
  "published": "2024-02-07T21:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38995"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/post-cyberlabs/CVE-Advisory/blob/main/CVE-2023-38995-Schuhfried-Preauth-PrivEsc.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JC7C-QJRV-G424

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-17 18:31 – Updated: 2025-01-17 18:31
VLAI
Details

Hard-coded credentials were included as part of the application binary. These credentials served as part of the application authentication flow and communication with the mobile application. An attacker could access unauthorized information.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-45832"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-17T17:15:11Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Hard-coded credentials were included as part of the application binary. \nThese credentials served as part of the application authentication flow \nand communication with the mobile application. An attacker could access \nunauthorized information.",
  "id": "GHSA-jc7c-qjrv-g424",
  "modified": "2025-01-17T18:31:14Z",
  "published": "2025-01-17T18:31:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45832"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-medical-advisories/icsma-24-354-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JCC3-259C-X5C2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-06 18:30 – Updated: 2025-06-06 18:30
VLAI
Details

WOLFBOX Level 2 EV Charger Management Card Hard-coded Credentials Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows physically present attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of WOLFBOX Level 2 EV Charger. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the handling of management cards. The issue results from the lack of personalization of management cards. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-26292.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-5751"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-06T16:15:30Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "WOLFBOX Level 2 EV Charger Management Card Hard-coded Credentials Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows physically present attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of WOLFBOX Level 2 EV Charger. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of management cards. The issue results from the lack of personalization of management cards. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-26292.",
  "id": "GHSA-jcc3-259c-x5c2",
  "modified": "2025-06-06T18:30:32Z",
  "published": "2025-06-06T18:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5751"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-330"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JCGG-MG9G-P9WF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-25 09:30 – Updated: 2024-11-25 18:38
VLAI
Summary
Duplicate Advisory: Keycloak Build Process Exposes Sensitive Data
Details

Duplicate Advisory

This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-v7gv-xpgf-6395. This link is maintained to preserve external references.

Original Description

A flaw was found in Keycloak. This issue occurs because sensitive runtime values, such as passwords, may be captured during the Keycloak build process and embedded as default values in bytecode, leading to unintended information disclosure. In Keycloak 26, sensitive data specified directly in environment variables during the build process is also stored as a default values, making it accessible during runtime. Indirect usage of environment variables for SPI options and Quarkus properties is also vulnerable due to unconditional expansion by PropertyMapper logic, capturing sensitive data as default values in all Keycloak versions up to 26.0.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.keycloak:keycloak-quarkus-server"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "24.0.9"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.keycloak:keycloak-quarkus-server"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "25.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "26.0.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-11-25T18:38:23Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-25T08:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-v7gv-xpgf-6395. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nA flaw was found in Keycloak. This issue occurs because sensitive runtime values, such as passwords, may be captured during the Keycloak build process and embedded as default values in bytecode, leading to unintended information disclosure. In Keycloak 26, sensitive data specified directly in environment variables during the build process is also stored as a default values, making it accessible during runtime. Indirect usage of environment variables for SPI options and Quarkus properties is also vulnerable due to unconditional expansion by PropertyMapper logic, capturing sensitive data as default values in all Keycloak versions up to 26.0.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-jcgg-mg9g-p9wf",
  "modified": "2024-11-25T18:38:23Z",
  "published": "2024-11-25T09:30:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10451"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:10175"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:10176"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:10177"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:10178"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-10451"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2322096"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Duplicate Advisory: Keycloak Build Process Exposes Sensitive Data",
  "withdrawn": "2024-11-25T18:38:23Z"
}

GHSA-JCJ3-V9Q6-FVG4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:32 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:32
VLAI
Details

Winston 1.5.4 devices make use of a Monit service (not managed during the normal user process) which is configured with default credentials.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-16258"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-10-28T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Winston 1.5.4 devices make use of a Monit service (not managed during the normal user process) which is configured with default credentials.",
  "id": "GHSA-jcj3-v9q6-fvg4",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:32:31Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:32:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-16258"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://labs.bishopfox.com/advisories/winston-privacy-version-1.5.4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://winstonprivacy.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-JCXQ-MJ3R-CXRH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-11 21:31 – Updated: 2026-03-11 21:31
VLAI
Details

eWON Firmware versions 12.2 to 13.0 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows attackers with minimal privileges to retrieve sensitive user data by exploiting the wsdReadForm endpoint. Attackers can send POST requests to /wrcgi.bin/wsdReadForm with base64-encoded partial credentials and a crafted wsdList parameter to extract encrypted passwords for all users, which can be decrypted using a hardcoded XOR key.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-25470"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-11T19:16:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "eWON Firmware versions 12.2 to 13.0 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows attackers with minimal privileges to retrieve sensitive user data by exploiting the wsdReadForm endpoint. Attackers can send POST requests to /wrcgi.bin/wsdReadForm with base64-encoded partial credentials and a crafted wsdList parameter to extract encrypted passwords for all users, which can be decrypted using a hardcoded XOR key.",
  "id": "GHSA-jcxq-mj3r-cxrh",
  "modified": "2026-03-11T21:31:02Z",
  "published": "2026-03-11T21:31:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25470"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ewon.biz"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47380"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ewon-firmware-authentication-bypass-via-wsdreadform"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JF3F-JHFM-F446

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-26 12:30 – Updated: 2026-01-26 12:30
VLAI
Details

Dormakaba provides the software FWServiceTool to update the firmware version of the Access Managers via the network. The firmware in some instances is provided in an encrypted ZIP file. Within this tool, the password used to decrypt the ZIP and extract the firmware is set statically and can be extracted. This password was valid for multiple observed firmware versions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-59107"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-26T10:16:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Dormakaba provides the software FWServiceTool to update the firmware version of the Access Managers via the network. The firmware in some instances is provided in an encrypted ZIP file. Within this tool, the password used to decrypt the ZIP and extract the firmware is set statically and can be extracted. This password was valid for multiple observed firmware versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-jf3f-jhfm-f446",
  "modified": "2026-01-26T12:30:29Z",
  "published": "2026-01-26T12:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59107"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://r.sec-consult.com/dkaccess"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://r.sec-consult.com/dormakaba"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.dormakabagroup.com/en/security-advisories"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JFFP-GHX6-2288

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-22 00:00
VLAI
Details

Delta Industrial Automation's DIAEnergy, an industrial energy management system, is vulnerable to CWE-798, Use of Hard-coded Credentials. Version 1.8.0 and prior have this vulnerability. Executable files could be uploaded to certain directories using hard-coded bearer authorization, allowing remote code execution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-3214"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-09-16T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Delta Industrial Automation\u0027s DIAEnergy, an industrial energy management system, is vulnerable to CWE-798, Use of Hard-coded Credentials. Version 1.8.0 and prior have this vulnerability. Executable files could be uploaded to certain directories using hard-coded bearer authorization, allowing remote code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-jffp-ghx6-2288",
  "modified": "2022-09-22T00:00:30Z",
  "published": "2022-09-17T00:00:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3214"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-22-256-03"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JFJ7-7VP9-R7CF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-05 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-07 19:00
VLAI
Details

BD Totalys MultiProcessor, versions 1.70 and earlier, contain hardcoded credentials. If exploited, threat actors may be able to access, modify or delete sensitive information, including electronic protected health information (ePHI), protected health information (PHI) and personally identifiable information (PII). Customers using BD Totalys MultiProcessor version 1.70 with Microsoft Windows 10 have additional operating system hardening configurations which increase the attack complexity required to exploit this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-40263"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-11-04T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "BD Totalys MultiProcessor, versions 1.70 and earlier, contain hardcoded credentials. If exploited, threat actors may be able to access, modify or delete sensitive information, including electronic protected health information (ePHI), protected health information (PHI) and personally identifiable information (PII). Customers using BD Totalys MultiProcessor version 1.70 with Microsoft Windows 10 have additional operating system hardening configurations which increase the attack complexity required to exploit this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-jfj7-7vp9-r7cf",
  "modified": "2022-11-07T19:00:17Z",
  "published": "2022-11-05T12:00:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40263"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.bd.com/en-us/about-bd/cybersecurity/bulletin/bd-totalys-multiprocessor-hardcoded-credentials"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JG9G-2M55-M7HP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-18 15:30 – Updated: 2025-03-21 15:31
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered on ROADCAM X3 devices. It has a uniform default credential set that cannot be modified by users, making it easy for attackers to gain unauthorized access to multiple devices.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30122"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-18T15:16:03Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered on ROADCAM X3 devices. It has a uniform default credential set that cannot be modified by users, making it easy for attackers to gain unauthorized access to multiple devices.",
  "id": "GHSA-jg9g-2m55-m7hp",
  "modified": "2025-03-21T15:31:14Z",
  "published": "2025-03-18T15:30:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30122"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/geo-chen/RoadCam"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://roadcam.my/pages/install-x3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
  • In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
  • Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
  • The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
  • Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
  • Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable

An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.

CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords

An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.