CWE-798
Allowed-with-ReviewUse of Hard-coded Credentials
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
2320 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CH3R-QC65-HPFH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-04 03:30 – Updated: 2024-11-04 03:30A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in Cosmote Greece What's Up App 4.47.3 on Android. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file gr/desquared/kmmsharedmodule/db/RealmDB.java of the component Realm Database Handler. The manipulation of the argument defaultRealmKey leads to use of default cryptographic key. Local access is required to approach this attack. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-10748"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1394",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-04T01:15:03Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in Cosmote Greece What\u0027s Up App 4.47.3 on Android. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file gr/desquared/kmmsharedmodule/db/RealmDB.java of the component Realm Database Handler. The manipulation of the argument defaultRealmKey leads to use of default cryptographic key. Local access is required to approach this attack. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-ch3r-qc65-hpfh",
"modified": "2024-11-04T03:30:39Z",
"published": "2024-11-04T03:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10748"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/secuserx/CVE/blob/main/%5BHardcoded%20Realm%20Database%20Encryption%20Key%5D%20found%20in%20What\u0027s%20UP%20Android%20App%204.47.3%20-%20(RealmDB.java).md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.282917"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.282917"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.432429"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CH56-5G7C-36XC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-16 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:42An issue in NETIS SYSTEMS WF2409Ev4 v.1.0.1.705 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code and obtain sensitive information via the password parameter in the /etc/shadow.sample component.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-42336"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-16T01:15:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue in NETIS SYSTEMS WF2409Ev4 v.1.0.1.705 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code and obtain sensitive information via the password parameter in the /etc/shadow.sample component.",
"id": "GHSA-ch56-5g7c-36xc",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:42:42Z",
"published": "2023-09-16T03:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42336"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/adhikara13/CVE/blob/main/netis_WF2409E/Root_Hard_Code.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CH56-MGR4-G3M4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-19 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-27 00:00A weak default administrator password for the web interface and serial port was reported in some Lenovo Personal Cloud Storage devices that could allow unauthorized device access to an attacker with physical or local network access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-42850"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-18T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A weak default administrator password for the web interface and serial port was reported in some Lenovo Personal Cloud Storage devices that could allow unauthorized device access to an attacker with physical or local network access.",
"id": "GHSA-ch56-mgr4-g3m4",
"modified": "2022-05-27T00:00:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-19T00:00:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-42850"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://iknow.lenovo.com.cn/detail/dc_200017.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CHCW-6743-7JR7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:25 – Updated: 2022-08-06 00:00The GalaxyClientService component of GOG Galaxy runs with elevated SYSTEM privileges in a Windows environment. Due to the software shipping with embedded, static RSA private key, an attacker with this key material and local user permissions can effectively send any operating system command to the service for execution in this elevated context. The service listens for such commands on a locally-bound network port, localhost:9978. A Metasploit module has been published which exploits this vulnerability. This issue affects the 2.0.x branch of the software (2.0.12 and earlier) as well as the 1.2.x branch (1.2.64 and earlier). A fix was issued for the 2.0.x branch of the affected software.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-7352"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-08-06T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The GalaxyClientService component of GOG Galaxy runs with elevated SYSTEM privileges in a Windows environment. Due to the software shipping with embedded, static RSA private key, an attacker with this key material and local user permissions can effectively send any operating system command to the service for execution in this elevated context. The service listens for such commands on a locally-bound network port, localhost:9978. A Metasploit module has been published which exploits this vulnerability. This issue affects the 2.0.x branch of the software (2.0.12 and earlier) as well as the 1.2.x branch (1.2.64 and earlier). A fix was issued for the 2.0.x branch of the affected software.",
"id": "GHSA-chcw-6743-7jr7",
"modified": "2022-08-06T00:00:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:25:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7352"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/pull/13444"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.positronsecurity.com/blog/2020-04-28-gog-galaxy-client-local-privilege-escalation"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CHGJ-P4C2-8WQJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:41 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:41A Use of Hard-coded Credentials issue was discovered in Smiths Medical Medfusion 4000 Wireless Syringe Infusion Pump, Version 1.1, 1.5, and 1.6. The pump with default network configuration uses hard-coded credentials to automatically establish a wireless network connection. The pump will establish a wireless network connection even if the pump is Ethernet connected and active; however, if the wireless association is established and the Ethernet cable is attached, the pump does not attach the network stack to the wireless network. In this scenario, all network traffic is instead directed over the wired Ethernet connection.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-12725"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-02-15T10:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A Use of Hard-coded Credentials issue was discovered in Smiths Medical Medfusion 4000 Wireless Syringe Infusion Pump, Version 1.1, 1.5, and 1.6. The pump with default network configuration uses hard-coded credentials to automatically establish a wireless network connection. The pump will establish a wireless network connection even if the pump is Ethernet connected and active; however, if the wireless association is established and the Ethernet cable is attached, the pump does not attach the network stack to the wireless network. In this scenario, all network traffic is instead directed over the wired Ethernet connection.",
"id": "GHSA-chgj-p4c2-8wqj",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:41:02Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:41:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSMA-17-250-02A"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100665"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CHP3-94CP-3C98
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-09 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-09 18:30An attacker can use an undocumented UART port on the PCB as a side-channel with the user hardcoded credentials obtained from CVE-2025-41692 to gain read access to parts of the filesystem of the device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-41696"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-09T16:17:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An attacker can use an undocumented UART port on the PCB as a side-channel with the user hardcoded credentials obtained from CVE-2025-41692 to gain read access to parts of the filesystem of the device.",
"id": "GHSA-chp3-94cp-3c98",
"modified": "2025-12-09T18:30:36Z",
"published": "2025-12-09T18:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41696"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://certvde.com/de/advisories/VDE-2025-071"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJF2-3QP2-R229
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-06 18:30 – Updated: 2024-12-06 18:30Ubiquiti U6-LR 6.6.65 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password vulnerability in /etc/shadow, which allows attackers to log in as root.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-54750"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-06T16:15:23Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Ubiquiti U6-LR 6.6.65 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password vulnerability in /etc/shadow, which allows attackers to log in as root.",
"id": "GHSA-cjf2-3qp2-r229",
"modified": "2024-12-06T18:30:45Z",
"published": "2024-12-06T18:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://colorful-meadow-5b9.notion.site/U6-LR_HardCode_vuln-14bc216a1c30806487ebdda3bb984e91?pvs=4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJQC-8HFM-W595
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-29 20:06 – Updated: 2022-09-02 00:01TOTOLINK A3000RU V4.1.2cu.5185_B20201128 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password for root at /etc/shadow.sample.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36615"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-29T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK A3000RU V4.1.2cu.5185_B20201128 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password for root at /etc/shadow.sample.",
"id": "GHSA-cjqc-8hfm-w595",
"modified": "2022-09-02T00:01:08Z",
"published": "2022-08-29T20:06:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36615"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/whiter6666/CVE/blob/main/TOTOLINK_A3000RU/hard_code.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CM5W-JVQG-V9CR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-23 06:30 – Updated: 2023-03-23 06:30Hard-coded credentials in Web-UI of multiple VARTA Storage products in multiple versions allows an unauthorized attacker to gain administrative access to the Web-UI via network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-22512"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-23T06:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Hard-coded credentials in Web-UI of multiple VARTA Storage products in multiple versions allows an unauthorized attacker to gain administrative access to the Web-UI via network.",
"id": "GHSA-cm5w-jvqg-v9cr",
"modified": "2023-03-23T06:30:15Z",
"published": "2023-03-23T06:30:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22512"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert.vde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2022-061"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CMH6-PH6Q-68XC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:49 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:08Optergy Proton/Enterprise devices have Hard-coded Credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-7279"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-07-01T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Optergy Proton/Enterprise devices have Hard-coded Credentials.",
"id": "GHSA-cmh6-ph6q-68xc",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:08:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:49:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7279"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://applied-risk.com/labs/advisories"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.applied-risk.com/resources/ar-2019-008"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108686"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
- In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
Mitigation
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation
- For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
- For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable
An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.