Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-798

Allowed-with-Review

Use of Hard-coded Credentials

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.

2181 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-FR2F-9QMM-C7W2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:24 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:24
VLAI
Details

A CWE-321: Use of hard-coded cryptographic key stored in cleartext vulnerability exists in Easergy Builder (Version 1.4.7.2 and older) which could allow an attacker to decrypt a password.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-7515"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-07-23T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "A CWE-321: Use of hard-coded cryptographic key stored in cleartext vulnerability exists in Easergy Builder (Version 1.4.7.2 and older) which could allow an attacker to decrypt a password.",
  "id": "GHSA-fr2f-9qmm-c7w2",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:24:17Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:24:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7515"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2020-161-05"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.se.com/ww/en/download/document/SEVD-2020-161-05"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-FRWH-X637-X626

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-11 21:31 – Updated: 2024-01-19 15:30
VLAI
Details

Flient Smart Door Lock v1.0 is vulnerable to Use of Default Credentials. Due to default credentials on a debug interface, in combination with certain design choices, an attacker can unlock the Flient Smart Door Lock by replacing the fingerprint that is stored on the scanner.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-50124"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-11T21:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Flient Smart Door Lock v1.0 is vulnerable to Use of Default Credentials. Due to default credentials on a debug interface, in combination with certain design choices, an attacker can unlock the Flient Smart Door Lock by replacing the fingerprint that is stored on the scanner.",
  "id": "GHSA-frwh-x637-x626",
  "modified": "2024-01-19T15:30:18Z",
  "published": "2024-01-11T21:31:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-50124"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.secura.com/services/iot/consumer-products/security-concerns-in-popular-smart-home-devices"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FRXX-VHR4-JQ87

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:59 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:34
VLAI
Details

Milesight IP security cameras through 2016-11-14 have a default set of 10 privileged accounts with hardcoded credentials. They are accessible if the customer has not configured 10 actual user accounts.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-2358"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-10-25T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Milesight IP security cameras through 2016-11-14 have a default set of 10 privileged accounts with hardcoded credentials. They are accessible if the customer has not configured 10 actual user accounts.",
  "id": "GHSA-frxx-vhr4-jq87",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T02:34:31Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:59:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-2358"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://possiblesecurity.com/news/vulnerabilities-of-milesight-ip-security-cameras"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=scckkI7CAW0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://kirils.org/slides/2016-10-06_Milesight_initial.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FV6J-75MV-78GQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-12 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-12 18:31
VLAI
Details

An issue in TOTOLINK Wi-Fi 6 Router Series Device X2000R-Gh-V2.0.0 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the default password

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-57579"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-12T16:15:35Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue in TOTOLINK Wi-Fi 6 Router Series Device X2000R-Gh-V2.0.0 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the default password",
  "id": "GHSA-fv6j-75mv-78gq",
  "modified": "2025-09-12T18:31:10Z",
  "published": "2025-09-12T18:31:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57579"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/XXRicardo/iot-cve/blob/main/TOLOLINK/X2000R-Gh-V2.0.0.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.totolink.net/home/menu/detail/menu_listtpl/download/id/259/ids/36.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FVG3-MG3W-725Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-11 00:01 – Updated: 2022-02-11 00:01
VLAI
Details

A CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability exists that could result in information disclosure. If an attacker were to obtain the SSH cryptographic key for the device and take active control of the local operational network connected to the product they could potentially observe and manipulate traffic associated with product configuration. Affected Product: Easergy P5 (All firmware versions prior to V01.401.101)

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-22722"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-04T23:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability exists that could result in information disclosure. If an attacker were to obtain the SSH cryptographic key for the device and take active control of the local operational network connected to the product they could potentially observe and manipulate traffic associated with product configuration. Affected Product: Easergy P5 (All firmware versions prior to V01.401.101)",
  "id": "GHSA-fvg3-mg3w-725q",
  "modified": "2022-02-11T00:01:17Z",
  "published": "2022-02-11T00:01:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22722"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2022-011-03"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-FVPQ-XMVQ-RPX3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-26 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:41
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in Fighting Cock Information System 1.0, which uses default credentials, but does not force nor prompt the administrators to change the credentials.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-39989"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-04-26T14:15:09Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Fighting Cock Information System 1.0, which uses default credentials, but does not force nor prompt the administrators to change the credentials.",
  "id": "GHSA-fvpq-xmvq-rpx3",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:41:37Z",
  "published": "2023-04-26T15:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39989"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/0xHop/43c4da65e0d101328a46b1bd5a11b262"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/0xHop/6ed962a1978edb1bd620c9c487400403"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.sourcecodester.com/php/12824/fighting-cock-information-system.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FVV3-6HG7-8MRP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-03 00:30 – Updated: 2023-02-10 15:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in TOTOLINK N200RE_v5 firmware V9.3.5u.6139 allows unauthenticated attackers to access the telnet service via a crafted POST request. Attackers are also able to leverage this vulnerability to login as root via hardcoded credentials.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-48113"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-02-02T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in TOTOLINK N200RE_v5 firmware V9.3.5u.6139 allows unauthenticated attackers to access the telnet service via a crafted POST request. Attackers are also able to leverage this vulnerability to login as root via hardcoded credentials.",
  "id": "GHSA-fvv3-6hg7-8mrp",
  "modified": "2023-02-10T15:30:29Z",
  "published": "2023-02-03T00:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48113"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wefir.blogspot.com/2022/12/totolink-n200rev5-telnet-backdoor.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FW57-89VJ-7GFH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-07 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30
VLAI
Details

The affected devices use publicly available default credentials with administrative privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-39169"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1188",
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-12-07T15:15:07Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The affected devices use publicly available default credentials with administrative privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-fw57-89vj-7gfh",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:50Z",
  "published": "2023-12-07T15:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39169"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Nov/3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Nov/10"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FW7J-849M-MPV4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:20 – Updated: 2024-03-21 03:34
VLAI
Details

** DISPUTED ** KNX ETS6 through 6.0.0 uses the hard-coded password ETS5Password, with a salt value of Ivan Medvedev, allowing local users to read project information, a similar issue to CVE-2021-36799. NOTE: The vendor disputes this because it is not the responsibility of the ETS to securely store cryptographic key material when it is not being exported.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-43575"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-11-09T23:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "** DISPUTED ** KNX ETS6 through 6.0.0 uses the hard-coded password ETS5Password, with a salt value of Ivan Medvedev, allowing local users to read project information, a similar issue to CVE-2021-36799. NOTE: The vendor disputes this because it is not the responsibility of the ETS to securely store cryptographic key material when it is not being exported.",
  "id": "GHSA-fw7j-849m-mpv4",
  "modified": "2024-03-21T03:34:08Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:20:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43575"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/robertguetzkow/ets5-password-recovery"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FW8G-7WR3-WR37

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-26 15:30 – Updated: 2026-03-26 15:30
VLAI
Details

HCL Aftermarket DPC is affected by Hardcoded Sensitive Data which allows attacker to gain access to the source code or if it is stored in insecure repositories, they can easily retrieve these hardcoded secrets.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-55263"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-26T14:16:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "HCL Aftermarket DPC is affected by Hardcoded Sensitive Data which allows attacker to gain access to the source code or if it is stored in insecure repositories, they can easily retrieve these hardcoded secrets.",
  "id": "GHSA-fw8g-7wr3-wr37",
  "modified": "2026-03-26T15:30:40Z",
  "published": "2026-03-26T15:30:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55263"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.hcl-software.com/csm?id=kb_article\u0026sysparm_article=KB0129793"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
  • In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
  • Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
  • The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
  • Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
  • Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable

An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.

CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords

An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.