CWE-798
Allowed-with-ReviewUse of Hard-coded Credentials
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
2185 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-97JG-548G-76GG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:42 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:42An issue was discovered in Shinobi through ocean version 1. lib/auth.js has Incorrect Access Control. Valid API Keys are held in an internal JS Object. Therefore an attacker can use JS Proto Method names (such as constructor or hasOwnProperty) to convince the System that the supplied API Key exists in the underlying JS object, and consequently achieve complete access to User/Admin/Super API functions, as demonstrated by a /super/constructor/accounts/list URI.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27228"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-22T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Shinobi through ocean version 1. lib/auth.js has Incorrect Access Control. Valid API Keys are held in an internal JS Object. Therefore an attacker can use JS Proto Method names (such as constructor or hasOwnProperty) to convince the System that the supplied API Key exists in the underlying JS object, and consequently achieve complete access to User/Admin/Super API functions, as demonstrated by a /super/constructor/accounts/list URI.",
"id": "GHSA-97jg-548g-76gg",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:42:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:42:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27228"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/Shinobi-Systems/Shinobi/-/merge_requests/286"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/Shinobi-Systems/Shinobi/-/tags"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://shinobi.video"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-982X-M668-9G65
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-30 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:25JBL soundbar multibeam 5.1 - CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-37215"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-30T09:15:10Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": " JBL soundbar multibeam 5.1 - CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
"id": "GHSA-982x-m668-9g65",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:25:55Z",
"published": "2023-07-30T09:30:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37215"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.gov.il/en/Departments/faq/cve_advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-988H-G4R8-M9X7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-27 21:31 – Updated: 2024-01-05 21:30Phlox com.phlox.simpleserver (aka Simple HTTP Server) 1.8 and com.phlox.simpleserver.plus (aka Simple HTTP Server PLUS) 1.8.1-plus have a hardcoded aKySWb2jjrr4dzkYXczKRt7K encryption key. The threat is from a man-in-the-middle attacker who can intercept and potentially modify data during transmission.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46919"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-27T21:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Phlox com.phlox.simpleserver (aka Simple HTTP Server) 1.8 and com.phlox.simpleserver.plus (aka Simple HTTP Server PLUS) 1.8.1-plus have a hardcoded aKySWb2jjrr4dzkYXczKRt7K encryption key. The threat is from a man-in-the-middle attacker who can intercept and potentially modify data during transmission.",
"id": "GHSA-988h-g4r8-m9x7",
"modified": "2024-01-05T21:30:31Z",
"published": "2023-12-27T21:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46919"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/actuator/com.phlox.simpleserver/blob/main/CWE-321.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-98CC-8C6R-7G5H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-29 18:34 – Updated: 2024-11-29 18:34IBM Security Verify Access Appliance 10.0.0 through 10.0.8
contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key, which it uses for its own inbound authentication, outbound communication to external components, or encryption of internal data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-49805"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-29T17:15:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "IBM Security Verify Access Appliance 10.0.0 through 10.0.8 \n\ncontains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key, which it uses for its own inbound authentication, outbound communication to external components, or encryption of internal data.",
"id": "GHSA-98cc-8c6r-7g5h",
"modified": "2024-11-29T18:34:03Z",
"published": "2024-11-29T18:34:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49805"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7177447"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-98H2-7J4H-7XC5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-23 06:30 – Updated: 2025-12-31 03:30Improper Input Validation in Hitron Systems DVR HVR-16781 1.03~4.02 allows an attacker to cause network attack in case of using defalut admin ID/PW.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-22770"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-23T05:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper Input Validation in Hitron Systems DVR HVR-16781 1.03~4.02 allows an attacker to cause network attack in case of using defalut admin ID/PW.",
"id": "GHSA-98h2-7j4h-7xc5",
"modified": "2025-12-31T03:30:26Z",
"published": "2024-01-23T06:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22770"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.hitron.co.kr/firmware"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-98J2-HFXP-8H8R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-27 00:00 – Updated: 2024-11-22 20:22Apache Doris, prior to 1.0.0, used a hardcoded key and IV to initialize the cipher used for ldap password, which may lead to information disclosure.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "pydoris"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-23942"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-11-22T20:22:34Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-26T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Apache Doris, prior to 1.0.0, used a hardcoded key and IV to initialize the cipher used for ldap password, which may lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-98j2-hfxp-8h8r",
"modified": "2024-11-22T20:22:34Z",
"published": "2022-04-27T00:00:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23942"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/doris"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pydoris/PYSEC-2022-43150.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/com2dyzp3bn2rdrotry90q2zzord4tvt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/04/26/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/04/26/3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Apache Doris hardcoded key and IV"
}
GHSA-98JX-6MG2-R43F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-25 00:32 – Updated: 2025-04-25 00:32UNI-NMS-Lite uses hard-coded credentials that could allow an unauthenticated attacker to gain administrative privileges to all UNI-NMS managed devices.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-46273"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-24T23:15:15Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "UNI-NMS-Lite uses hard-coded credentials that could allow an \nunauthenticated attacker to gain administrative privileges to all \nUNI-NMS managed devices.",
"id": "GHSA-98jx-6mg2-r43f",
"modified": "2025-04-25T00:32:02Z",
"published": "2025-04-25T00:32:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46273"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-114-06"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-9936-HG3V-R5WP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:50 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:50An issue was discovered on Foscam C2 devices with System Firmware 1.11.1.8 and Application Firmware 2.72.1.32, and Opticam i5 devices with System Firmware 1.5.2.11 and Application Firmware 2.21.1.128. There is a hardcoded Ak47@99 password for the factory~ account.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-19067"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-07T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered on Foscam C2 devices with System Firmware 1.11.1.8 and Application Firmware 2.72.1.32, and Opticam i5 devices with System Firmware 1.5.2.11 and Application Firmware 2.21.1.128. There is a hardcoded Ak47@99 password for the factory~ account.",
"id": "GHSA-9936-hg3v-r5wp",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:50:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:50:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19067"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sintonen.fi/advisories/foscam-ip-camera-multiple-vulnerabilities.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-999R-R2F8-XM55
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-17 00:30 – Updated: 2025-04-18 15:31Mutiny 7.2.0-10788 suffers from Hardcoded root password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-37832"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-16T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Mutiny 7.2.0-10788 suffers from Hardcoded root password.",
"id": "GHSA-999r-r2f8-xm55",
"modified": "2025-04-18T15:31:30Z",
"published": "2022-12-17T00:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-37832"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://labs.jumpsec.com/advisory-cve-2022-37832-mutiny-network-monitoring-appliance-hardcoded-credentials"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-99CH-5W4G-R777
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-22 21:30 – Updated: 2025-12-22 21:30ClipBucket 5.5.2 is affected by an improper access control issue where the product is shipped or deployed with hardcoded default administrative credentials. An unauthenticated remote attacker can log in to the administrative panel using these default credentials, resulting in full administrative control of the application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-67418"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-22T20:15:45Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "ClipBucket 5.5.2 is affected by an improper access control issue where the product is shipped or deployed with hardcoded default administrative credentials. An unauthenticated remote attacker can log in to the administrative panel using these default credentials, resulting in full administrative control of the application.",
"id": "GHSA-99ch-5w4g-r777",
"modified": "2025-12-22T21:30:33Z",
"published": "2025-12-22T21:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67418"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/@arpit03sharma2003/cve-2025-67418-when-default-credentials-become-a-remote-root-button-03be5ee4b927"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://clipbucket.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
- In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
Mitigation
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation
- For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
- For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable
An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.