Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
16709 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-8MHF-W5M5-M9JX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-21 19:01 – Updated: 2022-10-24 19:00
VLAI
Details
A malicious crafted .dwf or .pct file when consumed through DesignReview.exe application could lead to memory corruption vulnerability by write access violation. This vulnerability in conjunction with other vulnerabilities could lead to code execution in the context of the current process.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-41309"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-21T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A malicious crafted .dwf or .pct file when consumed through DesignReview.exe application could lead to memory corruption vulnerability by write access violation. This vulnerability in conjunction with other vulnerabilities could lead to code execution in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-8mhf-w5m5-m9jx",
"modified": "2022-10-24T19:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-10-21T19:01:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41309"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2022-0004"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8MJ6-V7F2-FC7M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-09 09:31 – Updated: 2024-10-09 09:31
VLAI
Details
In DRM service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service with System execution privileges needed.
Severity
6.2 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-39439"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-09T07:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In DRM service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service with System execution privileges needed.",
"id": "GHSA-8mj6-v7f2-fc7m",
"modified": "2024-10-09T09:31:35Z",
"published": "2024-10-09T09:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39439"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1843898270204624897"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8MJ8-4294-W3G6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-07 06:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:34
VLAI
Details
In gps, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07767811; Issue ID: ALPS07767811.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-20786"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-07T04:15:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In gps, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07767811; Issue ID: ALPS07767811.",
"id": "GHSA-8mj8-4294-w3g6",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:34:50Z",
"published": "2023-08-07T06:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20786"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/August-2023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8MJ9-8GPJ-8Q8J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:31 – Updated: 2024-05-14 18:31
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions < V2312.0001), Teamcenter Visualization V14.1 (All versions < V14.1.0.13), Teamcenter Visualization V14.2 (All versions < V14.2.0.10), Teamcenter Visualization V14.3 (All versions < V14.3.0.7), Teamcenter Visualization V2312 (All versions < V2312.0001). The affected applications contain an out of bounds write vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted CGM file. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-34086"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T16:17:23Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions \u003c V2312.0001), Teamcenter Visualization V14.1 (All versions \u003c V14.1.0.13), Teamcenter Visualization V14.2 (All versions \u003c V14.2.0.10), Teamcenter Visualization V14.3 (All versions \u003c V14.3.0.7), Teamcenter Visualization V2312 (All versions \u003c V2312.0001). The affected applications contain an out of bounds write vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted CGM file.\nThis could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-8mj9-8gpj-8q8j",
"modified": "2024-05-14T18:31:01Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-34086"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-661579.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8MJQ-WRP3-CX6Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-28 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:14
VLAI
Details
A stack overflow in the UpdateWanMode function of H3C Magic B1STV100R012 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted POST request.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-34932"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-28T14:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A stack overflow in the UpdateWanMode function of H3C Magic B1STV100R012 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted POST request.",
"id": "GHSA-8mjq-wrp3-cx6q",
"modified": "2024-04-04T05:14:12Z",
"published": "2023-06-28T15:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34932"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/h4kuy4/vuln/blob/main/H3C_B1STW/CVE-2023-34932.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8MMC-R5C6-H963
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:47 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32
VLAI
Details
Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-27072.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-28310"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-269",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-04-13T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-27072.",
"id": "GHSA-8mmc-r5c6-h963",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:47:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28310"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-28310"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-28310"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8MMP-CWXX-JP88
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-20 00:32 – Updated: 2024-11-20 18:32
VLAI
Details
In CryptoPlugin::decrypt of CryptoPlugin.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-9424"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-19T22:15:19Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In CryptoPlugin::decrypt of CryptoPlugin.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-8mmp-cwxx-jp88",
"modified": "2024-11-20T18:32:16Z",
"published": "2024-11-20T00:32:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-9424"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2018-07-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8MPR-6XR2-CHHC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-12 14:02 – Updated: 2026-03-12 14:02
VLAI
Summary
ImageMagick: MSL - Stack overflow in ProcessMSLScript
Details
Summary
Magick fails to check for circular references between two MSLs, leading to a stack overflow.
Details
After reading a.msl using magick, the following is displayed:
MSLStartElement -> ReadImage -> ReadMSLImage -> ProcessMSLScript -> xmlParseChunk -> xmlParseTryOrFinish -> MSLStartElement
AddressSanitizer:DEADLYSIGNAL
=================================================================
==114345==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: UNKNOWN SIGNAL on unknown address 0x000000000000 (pc 0x72509fc7d804 bp 0x7ffd6598b390 sp 0x7ffd6598ab20 T0)
#0 0x72509fc7d804 in strlen ../../../../src/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors.inc:388
[...]
Severity
6.2 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25971"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-674",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-12T14:02:04Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-24T02:16:02Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\nMagick fails to check for circular references between two MSLs, leading to a stack overflow.\n\n### Details\nAfter reading a.msl using magick, the following is displayed:\n\n`MSLStartElement` -\u003e `ReadImage` -\u003e `ReadMSLImage` -\u003e `ProcessMSLScript` -\u003e `xmlParseChunk` -\u003e `xmlParseTryOrFinish` -\u003e `MSLStartElement`\n\n```bash\nAddressSanitizer:DEADLYSIGNAL\n=================================================================\n==114345==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: UNKNOWN SIGNAL on unknown address 0x000000000000 (pc 0x72509fc7d804 bp 0x7ffd6598b390 sp 0x7ffd6598ab20 T0)\n #0 0x72509fc7d804 in strlen ../../../../src/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors.inc:388\n[...]\n```",
"id": "GHSA-8mpr-6xr2-chhc",
"modified": "2026-03-12T14:02:04Z",
"published": "2026-03-12T14:02:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-8mpr-6xr2-chhc"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25971"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dlemstra/Magick.NET/releases/tag/14.10.3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ImageMagick: MSL - Stack overflow in ProcessMSLScript"
}
GHSA-8MRJ-HP45-R838
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:22 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:22
VLAI
Details
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 12.1.3, macOS Mojave 10.14.3, tvOS 12.1.2. A malicious application may be able to elevate privileges.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-6225"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-05T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 12.1.3, macOS Mojave 10.14.3, tvOS 12.1.2. A malicious application may be able to elevate privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-8mrj-hp45-r838",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:22:38Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:22:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-6225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT209443"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT209446"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT209447"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46248"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106695"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8MVM-82QC-MPJJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-01 15:32 – Updated: 2024-10-04 18:31
VLAI
Details
cute_png v1.05 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the cp_find() function at cute_png.h.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-46264"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-01T14:15:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "cute_png v1.05 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the cp_find() function at cute_png.h.",
"id": "GHSA-8mvm-82qc-mpjj",
"modified": "2024-10-04T18:31:10Z",
"published": "2024-10-01T15:32:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-46264"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Helson-S/FuzzyTesting/blob/master/cute_headers/cute_png/heapof-r4-cp_find-cute_png-979c8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Helson-S/FuzzyTesting/blob/master/cute_headers/cute_png/heapof-r4-cp_find-cute_png-979c8/poc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Helson-S/FuzzyTesting/blob/master/cute_headers/cute_png/heapof-r4-cp_find-cute_png-979c8/poc/sample8.png"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Helson-S/FuzzyTesting/blob/master/cute_headers/cute_png/heapof-r4-cp_find-cute_png-979c8/vulDescription.assets/image-20240527233234147.png"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Helson-S/FuzzyTesting/blob/master/cute_headers/cute_png/heapof-r4-cp_find-cute_png-979c8/vulDescription.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.