Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
16085 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-3FCR-249G-2CG3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-19 21:30 – Updated: 2026-08-19 21:30
VLAI
Details
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to obtain sensitive information and cause a denial of service due to an out-of-bounds write.
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-16825"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-19T20:17:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to obtain sensitive information and cause a denial of service due to an out-of-bounds write.",
"id": "GHSA-3fcr-249g-2cg3",
"modified": "2026-08-19T21:30:34Z",
"published": "2026-08-19T21:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-16825"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7283858"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3FCX-583Q-FFVW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-26 00:03 – Updated: 2022-08-29 20:06
VLAI
Details
H3C GR-1200W MiniGRW1A0V100R006 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function WanModeSetMultiWan.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36514"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-25T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "H3C GR-1200W MiniGRW1A0V100R006 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function WanModeSetMultiWan.",
"id": "GHSA-3fcx-583q-ffvw",
"modified": "2022-08-29T20:06:53Z",
"published": "2022-08-26T00:03:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36514"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Darry-lang1/vuln/tree/main/H3C/GR-1200W/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3FF2-R28G-W7H9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-11-10 18:57 – Updated: 2024-11-07 22:16
VLAI
Summary
Heap buffer overflow in `Transpose`
Details
Impact
The shape inference function for Transpose is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow:
import tensorflow as tf
@tf.function
def test():
y = tf.raw_ops.Transpose(x=[1,2,3,4],perm=[-10])
return y
test()
This occurs whenever perm contains negative elements. The shape inference function does not validate that the indices in perm are all valid:
for (int32_t i = 0; i < rank; ++i) {
int64_t in_idx = data[i];
if (in_idx >= rank) {
return errors::InvalidArgument("perm dim ", in_idx,
" is out of range of input rank ", rank);
}
dims[i] = c->Dim(input, in_idx);
}
where Dim(tensor, index) accepts either a positive index less than the rank of the tensor or the special value -1 for unknown dimensions.
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit c79ba87153ee343401dbe9d1954d7f79e521eb14.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
Attribution
This vulnerability has been reported by members of the Aivul Team from Qihoo 360.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.6.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.6.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.6.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.6.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.6.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.6.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-41216"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-120",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-11-08T22:21:10Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-05T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThe [shape inference function for `Transpose`](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/8d72537c6abf5a44103b57b9c2e22c14f5f49698/tensorflow/core/ops/array_ops.cc#L121-L185) is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow:\n\n```python\nimport tensorflow as tf\n@tf.function\ndef test():\n y = tf.raw_ops.Transpose(x=[1,2,3,4],perm=[-10])\n return y\n\ntest()\n```\n\nThis occurs whenever `perm` contains negative elements. The shape inference function does not validate that the indices in `perm` are all valid:\n \n```cc\nfor (int32_t i = 0; i \u003c rank; ++i) {\n int64_t in_idx = data[i];\n if (in_idx \u003e= rank) {\n return errors::InvalidArgument(\"perm dim \", in_idx,\n \" is out of range of input rank \", rank);\n }\n dims[i] = c-\u003eDim(input, in_idx);\n}\n```\n\nwhere `Dim(tensor, index)` accepts either a positive index less than the rank of the tensor or the special value `-1` for unknown dimensions.\n\n### Patches\nWe have patched the issue in GitHub commit [c79ba87153ee343401dbe9d1954d7f79e521eb14](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/c79ba87153ee343401dbe9d1954d7f79e521eb14).\n\nThe fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.\n\n### For more information\nPlease consult [our security guide](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/SECURITY.md) for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.\n\n### Attribution\nThis vulnerability has been reported by members of the Aivul Team from Qihoo 360.",
"id": "GHSA-3ff2-r28g-w7h9",
"modified": "2024-11-07T22:16:21Z",
"published": "2021-11-10T18:57:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/security/advisories/GHSA-3ff2-r28g-w7h9"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41216"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/c79ba87153ee343401dbe9d1954d7f79e521eb14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow-cpu/PYSEC-2021-625.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow-gpu/PYSEC-2021-823.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow/PYSEC-2021-408.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/8d72537c6abf5a44103b57b9c2e22c14f5f49698/tensorflow/core/ops/array_ops.cc#L121-L185"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Heap buffer overflow in `Transpose`"
}
GHSA-3FGC-RX9F-4J2G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 21:59 – Updated: 2025-11-25 18:32
VLAI
Details
Mozilla developers and community members reported memory safety bugs present in Firefox 65, Firefox ESR 60.5, and Thunderbird 60.5. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort that some of these could be exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 60.6, Firefox ESR < 60.6, and Firefox < 66.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9788"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-04-26T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Mozilla developers and community members reported memory safety bugs present in Firefox 65, Firefox ESR 60.5, and Thunderbird 60.5. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort that some of these could be exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird \u003c 60.6, Firefox ESR \u003c 60.6, and Firefox \u003c 66.",
"id": "GHSA-3fgc-rx9f-4j2g",
"modified": "2025-11-25T18:32:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T21:59:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9788"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0966"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1144"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1518001%2C1521304%2C1521214%2C1506665%2C1516834%2C1518774%2C1524755%2C1523362%2C1524214%2C1529203"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-07"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-08"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-11"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3FHJ-WJXG-9649
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-07 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-14 00:00
VLAI
Details
In WLAN driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS06521283; Issue ID: ALPS06521283.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-21750"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-06T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In WLAN driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS06521283; Issue ID: ALPS06521283.",
"id": "GHSA-3fhj-wjxg-9649",
"modified": "2022-06-14T00:00:26Z",
"published": "2022-06-07T00:00:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/June-2022"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3FHP-JV43-7M9C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:55 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:55
VLAI
Details
BIRD Internet Routing Daemon 1.6.x through 1.6.7 and 2.x through 2.0.5 has a stack-based buffer overflow. The BGP daemon's support for RFC 8203 administrative shutdown communication messages included an incorrect logical expression when checking the validity of an input message. Sending a shutdown communication with a sufficient message length causes a four-byte overflow to occur while processing the message, where two of the overflow bytes are attacker-controlled and two are fixed.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-16159"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-120",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-09T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "BIRD Internet Routing Daemon 1.6.x through 1.6.7 and 2.x through 2.0.5 has a stack-based buffer overflow. The BGP daemon\u0027s support for RFC 8203 administrative shutdown communication messages included an incorrect logical expression when checking the validity of an input message. Sending a shutdown communication with a sufficient message length causes a four-byte overflow to occur while processing the message, where two of the overflow bytes are attacker-controlled and two are fixed.",
"id": "GHSA-3fhp-jv43-7m9c",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:55:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:55:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-16159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.labs.nic.cz/labs/bird/commit/1657c41c96b3c07d9265b07dd4912033ead4124b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.labs.nic.cz/labs/bird/commit/8388f5a7e14108a1458fea35bfbb5a453e2c563c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4F23NNAPXX65MGJQBPPTVGRV3T4XCKBV"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MCVNQJBZYGGNAJNGOFEBE3IAJME2QIZB"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Sep/34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4528"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://bird.network.cz"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-09/msg00063.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-09/msg00065.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://trubka.network.cz/pipermail/bird-users/2019-September/013718.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://trubka.network.cz/pipermail/bird-users/2019-September/013720.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://trubka.network.cz/pipermail/bird-users/2019-September/013722.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3FJ3-C843-G89W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-22 00:33 – Updated: 2025-01-22 15:32
VLAI
Details
In gatts_process_primary_service_req of gatt_sr.cc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a heap buffer overflow. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-49748"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-21T23:15:15Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "In gatts_process_primary_service_req of gatt_sr.cc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a heap buffer overflow. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-3fj3-c843-g89w",
"modified": "2025-01-22T15:32:34Z",
"published": "2025-01-22T00:33:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49748"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2025-01-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3FJ7-QFCC-CR72
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-10 12:30 – Updated: 2025-10-10 12:30
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in VS6ComFile!set_AnimationItem of V-SFT v6.2.7.0 and earlier. Opening specially crafted V-SFT files may lead to information disclosure, affected system's abnormal end (ABEND), and arbitrary code execution.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-61858"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-10T11:15:43Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in VS6ComFile!set_AnimationItem of V-SFT v6.2.7.0 and earlier. Opening specially crafted V-SFT files may lead to information disclosure, affected system\u0027s abnormal end (ABEND), and arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-3fj7-qfcc-cr72",
"modified": "2025-10-10T12:30:56Z",
"published": "2025-10-10T12:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61858"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU90008453"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://monitouch.fujielectric.com/site/download-e/09vsft6_inf/Search.php"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-3FJH-5FM6-FQMW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-02 19:00 – Updated: 2022-11-03 19:00
VLAI
Details
stb_image.h 2.27 has a heap-based buffer over in stbi__jpeg_load, leading to Information Disclosure or Denial of Service.
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-37789"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-02T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "stb_image.h 2.27 has a heap-based buffer over in stbi__jpeg_load, leading to Information Disclosure or Denial of Service.",
"id": "GHSA-3fjh-5fm6-fqmw",
"modified": "2022-11-03T19:00:28Z",
"published": "2022-11-02T19:00:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-37789"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nothings/stb/issues/1178"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/01/msg00045.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3FQ4-7V27-7G49
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-26 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-27 21:32
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a memory corruption condition. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18630.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-42377"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a memory corruption condition. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18630.",
"id": "GHSA-3fq4-7v27-7g49",
"modified": "2024-11-27T21:32:37Z",
"published": "2023-01-26T21:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42377"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tracker-software.com/product/pdf-xchange-editor/history"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-1367"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.