CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5386 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-R4WH-9XQF-M659
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:54 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:54Adobe Photoshop CC versions 19.1.8 and earlier and 20.0.5 and earlier have a command injection vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-7968"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-26T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Adobe Photoshop CC versions 19.1.8 and earlier and 20.0.5 and earlier have a command injection vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-r4wh-9xqf-m659",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:54:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:54:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7968"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/photoshop/apsb19-44.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-R55C-Q3R9-VPFJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-01 03:31 – Updated: 2025-03-01 03:31An Improper Neutralization of Escape Sequences vulnerability could allow an Authentication Bypass with a Remote Code Execution (RCE) by a malicious actor with access to UniFi Protect Cameras adjacent network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-23119"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-01T03:15:23Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An Improper Neutralization of Escape Sequences vulnerability could allow an Authentication Bypass with a Remote Code Execution (RCE) by a malicious actor with access to UniFi Protect Cameras adjacent network.",
"id": "GHSA-r55c-q3r9-vpfj",
"modified": "2025-03-01T03:31:00Z",
"published": "2025-03-01T03:31:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23119"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://community.ui.com/releases/Security-Advisory-Bulletin-046-046/9649ea8f-93db-4713-a875-c3fd7614943f"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R56F-M3QP-R2R5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-30 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:23An issue discovered in Action Launcher for Android v50.5 allows an attacker to cause a denial of service via arbitary data injection to function insert.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-47028"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-74",
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-30T20:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue discovered in Action Launcher for Android v50.5 allows an attacker to cause a denial of service via arbitary data injection to function insert.",
"id": "GHSA-r56f-m3qp-r2r5",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:23:43Z",
"published": "2023-05-30T21:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-47028"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LianKee/SO-CVEs/blob/main/CVEs/CVE-2022-47028/CVE%20detailed.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R577-4HQ7-73QH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-09-08 20:14 – Updated: 2021-09-15 18:29Apache Dubbo supports various rules to support configuration override or traffic routing (called routing in Dubbo). These rules are loaded into the configuration center (eg: Zookeeper, Nacos, ...) and retrieved by the customers when making a request in order to find the right endpoint. When parsing these YAML rules, Dubbo customers will use SnakeYAML library to load the rules which by default will enable calling arbitrary constructors. An attacker with access to the configuration center he will be able to poison the rule so when retrieved by the consumers, it will get RCE on all of them. This was fixed in Dubbo 2.7.13, 3.0.2
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.dubbo:dubbo"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.7.13"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.dubbo:dubbo"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.0.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-36162"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-09-08T17:55:48Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-07T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Apache Dubbo supports various rules to support configuration override or traffic routing (called routing in Dubbo). These rules are loaded into the configuration center (eg: Zookeeper, Nacos, ...) and retrieved by the customers when making a request in order to find the right endpoint. When parsing these YAML rules, Dubbo customers will use SnakeYAML library to load the rules which by default will enable calling arbitrary constructors. An attacker with access to the configuration center he will be able to poison the rule so when retrieved by the consumers, it will get RCE on all of them. This was fixed in Dubbo 2.7.13, 3.0.2",
"id": "GHSA-r577-4hq7-73qh",
"modified": "2021-09-15T18:29:18Z",
"published": "2021-09-08T20:14:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36162"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/dubbo"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rfa351115a459e214b99ffcc52c35f33359f3370c547d9c6ba1a60037%40%3Cdev.dubbo.apache.org%3E"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Remote Code Execution in Apache Dubbo"
}
GHSA-R584-J372-49F9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-26 18:33 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:37D-Link DIR-822+ V1.0.5 was found to contain a command injection in SetPlcNetworkpwd function of prog.cgi, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-33342"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-26T18:15:46Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-822+ V1.0.5 was found to contain a command injection in SetPlcNetworkpwd function of prog.cgi, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell.",
"id": "GHSA-r584-j372-49f9",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:37:05Z",
"published": "2024-04-26T18:33:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-33342"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n0wstr/IOTVuln/tree/main/DIR-822%2B/SetPlcNetworkpwd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.dlink.com.cn/techsupport/ProductInfo.aspx?m=DIR-822%2B"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R58V-99W5-7J3X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-12 00:30 – Updated: 2024-10-12 00:30Netgear EX3700 ' AC750 WiFi Range Extender Essentials Edition before 1.0.0.98 contains an authenticated command injection in operating_mode.cgi via the ap_mode parameter with ap_24g_manual set to 1 and ap_24g_manual_sec set to NotNone.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-35522"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-11T22:15:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Netgear EX3700 \u0027 AC750 WiFi Range Extender Essentials Edition before 1.0.0.98 contains an authenticated command injection in operating_mode.cgi via the ap_mode parameter with ap_24g_manual set to 1 and ap_24g_manual_sec set to NotNone.",
"id": "GHSA-r58v-99w5-7j3x",
"modified": "2024-10-12T00:30:47Z",
"published": "2024-10-12T00:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-35522"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/consrc/cves/blob/main/CVE-2024-35522.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R59J-VRHF-MP7X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-01 03:30 – Updated: 2025-12-01 15:30A vulnerability was detected in ADSLR B-QE2W401 250814-r037c. Affected by this issue is the function parameterdel_swifimac of the file /send_order.cgi. Performing manipulation of the argument del_swifimac results in command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-13797"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-74",
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-01T01:16:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was detected in ADSLR B-QE2W401 250814-r037c. Affected by this issue is the function parameterdel_swifimac of the file /send_order.cgi. Performing manipulation of the argument del_swifimac results in command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-r59j-vrhf-mp7x",
"modified": "2025-12-01T15:30:17Z",
"published": "2025-12-01T03:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13797"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.333808"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.333808"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.691838"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.notion.so/2a60c75766a88027a6aec07b378332a8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.notion.so/report-7-2a60c75766a88027a6aec07b378332a8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-R59R-63RW-FM95
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-21 01:54 – Updated: 2024-02-28 01:00An issue was discovered on ASMAX AR-804gu 66.34.1 devices. There is Command Injection via the cgi-bin/script query string.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-5156"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-11T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered on ASMAX AR-804gu 66.34.1 devices. There is Command Injection via the cgi-bin/script query string.",
"id": "GHSA-r59r-63rw-fm95",
"modified": "2024-02-28T01:00:27Z",
"published": "2022-04-21T01:54:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-5156"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/503946"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/35153"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R5J6-VJXH-3V3W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:48 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:32ping.cgi in NetCommWireless HSPA 3G10WVE wireless routers with firmware before 3G10WVE-L101-S306ETS-C01_R05 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the DIA_IPADDRESS parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-6024"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-02-09T15:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "ping.cgi in NetCommWireless HSPA 3G10WVE wireless routers with firmware before 3G10WVE-L101-S306ETS-C01_R05 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the DIA_IPADDRESS parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-r5j6-vjxh-3v3w",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:32:34Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:48:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-6024"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/39762"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/136901/NetCommWireless-HSPA-3G10WVE-Authentication-Bypass-Code-Execution.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2016/May/13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2016/May/18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/538263/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/538297/100/0/threaded"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R5JX-CQPF-RWCX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-27 00:01 – Updated: 2022-01-06 00:00Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an authenticated user. This affects LBR20 before 2.6.3.50, RBS50Y before 2.7.3.22, RBR10 before 2.7.3.22, RBR20 before 2.7.3.22, RBR40 before 2.7.3.22, RBR50 before 2.7.3.22, RBS10 before 2.7.3.22, RBS20 before 2.7.3.22, RBS40 before 2.7.3.22, RBS50 before 2.7.3.22, RBK12 before 2.7.3.22, RBK20 before 2.7.3.22, RBK40 before 2.7.3.22, and RBK50 before 2.7.3.22.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-45595"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-26T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an authenticated user. This affects LBR20 before 2.6.3.50, RBS50Y before 2.7.3.22, RBR10 before 2.7.3.22, RBR20 before 2.7.3.22, RBR40 before 2.7.3.22, RBR50 before 2.7.3.22, RBS10 before 2.7.3.22, RBS20 before 2.7.3.22, RBS40 before 2.7.3.22, RBS50 before 2.7.3.22, RBK12 before 2.7.3.22, RBK20 before 2.7.3.22, RBK40 before 2.7.3.22, and RBK50 before 2.7.3.22.",
"id": "GHSA-r5jx-cqpf-rwcx",
"modified": "2022-01-06T00:00:58Z",
"published": "2021-12-27T00:01:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45595"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000064495/Security-Advisory-for-Post-Authentication-Command-Injection-on-Some-WiFi-Systems-PSV-2020-0462"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.