CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5381 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-FFWQ-9R7P-3J6R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-16 00:00The web configuration interface of the TP-Link M7350 V3 with firmware version 190531 is affected by a pre-authentication command injection vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-37860"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-12T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The web configuration interface of the TP-Link M7350 V3 with firmware version 190531 is affected by a pre-authentication command injection vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-ffwq-9r7p-3j6r",
"modified": "2022-09-16T00:00:32Z",
"published": "2022-09-13T00:00:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-37860"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tp-link.com/uk/support/download/m7350/v3/#Firmware"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.yuque.com/docs/share/fca60ef9-e5a4-462a-a984-61def4c9b132"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FG5P-FF4V-V3C7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 21:31 – Updated: 2025-04-14 18:31A command injection vulnerability exists in the Infinxt iEdge 100 2.1.32 in the Troubleshoot module "MTR" functionality. The vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the mtrIp parameter. An attacker can exploit this flaw to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the underlying system with the same privileges as the web application process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-26056"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-01T19:15:44Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A command injection vulnerability exists in the Infinxt iEdge 100 2.1.32 in the Troubleshoot module \"MTR\" functionality. The vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the mtrIp parameter. An attacker can exploit this flaw to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the underlying system with the same privileges as the web application process.",
"id": "GHSA-fg5p-ff4v-v3c7",
"modified": "2025-04-14T18:31:48Z",
"published": "2025-04-01T21:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-26056"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rohan-pt/CVE-2025-26056"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FG5W-W99F-RJ6W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-06-08 23:15 – Updated: 2022-06-29 20:41The @ronomon/opened library before 1.5.2 is vulnerable to a command injection vulnerability which would allow a remote attacker to execute commands on the system if the library was used with untrusted input.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@ronomon/opened"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-29300"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-28T16:56:53Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-24T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The @ronomon/opened library before 1.5.2 is vulnerable to a command injection vulnerability which would allow a remote attacker to execute commands on the system if the library was used with untrusted input.",
"id": "GHSA-fg5w-w99f-rj6w",
"modified": "2022-06-29T20:41:05Z",
"published": "2021-06-08T23:15:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ronomon/opened/commit/7effe011d4fea8fac7f78c00615e0a6e69af68ec"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://advisory.checkmarx.net/advisory/CX-2021-4775"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ronomon/opened"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Command Injection in @ronomon/opened"
}
GHSA-FG6R-29PJ-HV87
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-13 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:44Previous versions of HP Device Manager (prior to HPDM 5.0.10) could potentially allow command injection and/or elevation of privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-26298"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-12T22:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Previous versions of HP Device Manager (prior to HPDM 5.0.10) could potentially allow command injection and/or elevation of privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-fg6r-29pj-hv87",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:44:41Z",
"published": "2023-06-13T00:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26298"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hp.com/us-en/document/ish_7974907-7974931-16/hpsbhf03842"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FG83-J4CX-5CWW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-02 18:30 – Updated: 2025-06-04 18:30An issue in Clinical Collaboration Platform 12.2.1.5 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information and execute arbitrary code via the usertoken function of default.aspx.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-27954"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-02T18:15:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in Clinical Collaboration Platform 12.2.1.5 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information and execute arbitrary code via the usertoken function of default.aspx.",
"id": "GHSA-fg83-j4cx-5cww",
"modified": "2025-06-04T18:30:55Z",
"published": "2025-06-02T18:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27954"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/intruderlabs/cvex/tree/main/Carestream/session-token-in-url"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portswigger.net/kb/issues/00500700_session-token-in-url"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FG8J-7F6F-QG52
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:18 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:18All versions of yongyou PLM are affected by a command injection issue. UFIDA PLM (Product Life Cycle Management) is a strategic management method. It applies a series of enterprise application systems to support the entire process from conceptual design to the end of product life, and the collaborative creation, distribution, application and management of product information across organizations. Yonyou PLM uses jboss by default, and you can access the management control background without authorization An attacker can use this vulnerability to gain server permissions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-41744"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-22T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "All versions of yongyou PLM are affected by a command injection issue. UFIDA PLM (Product Life Cycle Management) is a strategic management method. It applies a series of enterprise application systems to support the entire process from conceptual design to the end of product life, and the collaborative creation, distribution, application and management of product information across organizations. Yonyou PLM uses jboss by default, and you can access the management control background without authorization An attacker can use this vulnerability to gain server permissions.",
"id": "GHSA-fg8j-7f6f-qg52",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:18:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:18:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41744"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cnvd.org.cn/flaw/show/CNVD-2021-39097"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-FGHM-67RM-FVPH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-15 01:35 – Updated: 2022-02-15 01:35** REJECT ** DO NOT USE THIS CANDIDATE NUMBER. ConsultIDs: none. Reason: This candidate was withdrawn by its CNA. Further investigation showed that it was not a security issue. Notes: none.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-28432"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-23T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "** REJECT ** DO NOT USE THIS CANDIDATE NUMBER. ConsultIDs: none. Reason: This candidate was withdrawn by its CNA. Further investigation showed that it was not a security issue. Notes: none.",
"id": "GHSA-fghm-67rm-fvph",
"modified": "2022-02-15T01:35:07Z",
"published": "2022-02-15T01:35:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28432"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-THEMECORE-1050425"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Command Injection in theme-core"
}
GHSA-FGMG-5GQP-9428
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-13 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-16 18:30The Akuvox E11 web server backend library allows command injection in the device phone-book contacts functionality. This could allow an attacker to upload files with executable command instructions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-0351"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-13T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Akuvox E11 web server backend library allows command injection in the device phone-book contacts functionality. This could allow an attacker to upload files with executable command instructions.",
"id": "GHSA-fgmg-5gqp-9428",
"modified": "2023-03-16T18:30:27Z",
"published": "2023-03-13T21:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0351"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-23-068-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FGRM-FPPR-4FWR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:48 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:35In SolarWinds Log & Event Manager (LEM) before 6.3.1 Hotfix 4, a menu system is encountered when the SSH service is accessed with "cmc" and "password" (the default username and password). By exploiting a vulnerability in the restrictssh feature of the menuing script, an attacker can escape from the restricted shell.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-7722"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-04-12T16:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "In SolarWinds Log \u0026 Event Manager (LEM) before 6.3.1 Hotfix 4, a menu system is encountered when the SSH service is accessed with \"cmc\" and \"password\" (the default username and password). By exploiting a vulnerability in the restrictssh feature of the menuing script, an attacker can escape from the restricted shell.",
"id": "GHSA-fgrm-fppr-4fwr",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:35:56Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:48:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7722"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pentest.blog/unexpected-journey-4-escaping-from-restricted-shell-and-gaining-root-access-to-solarwinds-log-event-manager-siem-product"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://thwack.solarwinds.com/thread/111223"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FH3M-562M-W4F6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-23 18:30 – Updated: 2026-03-25 22:05A command injection vulnerability exists in DigitalOcean Droplet Agent through 1.3.2. The troubleshooting actioner component (internal/troubleshooting/actioner/actioner.go) processes metadata from the metadata service endpoint and executes commands specified in the TroubleshootingAgent.Requesting array without adequate input validation. While the code validates that artifacts exist in the validInvestigationArtifacts map, it fails to sanitize the actual command content after the "command:" prefix. This allows an attacker who can control metadata responses to inject and execute arbitrary OS commands with root privileges. The attack is triggered by sending a TCP packet with specific sequence numbers to the SSH port, which causes the agent to fetch metadata from http://169.254.169.254/metadata/v1.json.
The vulnerability affects the command execution flow in internal/troubleshooting/actioner/actioner.go (insufficient validation), internal/troubleshooting/command/exec.go (direct exec.CommandContext call), and internal/troubleshooting/command/command.go (command parsing without sanitization). This can lead to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, and potential lateral movement across cloud infrastructure.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/digitalocean/droplet-agent"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.0.0-20260107162243-1101ffcb5672"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-24516"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-25T22:05:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-23T17:16:37Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A command injection vulnerability exists in DigitalOcean Droplet Agent through 1.3.2. The troubleshooting actioner component (internal/troubleshooting/actioner/actioner.go) processes metadata from the metadata service endpoint and executes commands specified in the TroubleshootingAgent.Requesting array without adequate input validation. While the code validates that artifacts exist in the validInvestigationArtifacts map, it fails to sanitize the actual command content after the \"command:\" prefix. This allows an attacker who can control metadata responses to inject and execute arbitrary OS commands with root privileges. The attack is triggered by sending a TCP packet with specific sequence numbers to the SSH port, which causes the agent to fetch metadata from http://169.254.169.254/metadata/v1.json. \n\nThe vulnerability affects the command execution flow in internal/troubleshooting/actioner/actioner.go (insufficient validation), internal/troubleshooting/command/exec.go (direct exec.CommandContext call), and internal/troubleshooting/command/command.go (command parsing without sanitization). This can lead to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, and potential lateral movement across cloud infrastructure.",
"id": "GHSA-fh3m-562m-w4f6",
"modified": "2026-03-25T22:05:11Z",
"published": "2026-03-23T18:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24516"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/digitalocean/droplet-agent"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/digitalocean/droplet-agent/blob/main/internal/troubleshooting/actioner/actioner.go"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/digitalocean/droplet-agent/blob/main/internal/troubleshooting/command/command.go"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/digitalocean/droplet-agent/blob/main/internal/troubleshooting/command/exec.go"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/poxsky/CVE-2026-24516-DigitalOcean-RCE"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "DigitalOcean Droplet Agent: Command Injection via Metadata Service Endpoint"
}
Mitigation
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.